{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2321328638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","title":"Energy Management for Fuel Cell Powered Hybrid-Electric Aircraft","display_name":"Energy Management for Fuel Cell Powered Hybrid-Electric Aircraft","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2321328638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","mag":"2321328638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2514/6.2009-4590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306499169","display_name":"AIAA International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025890846","display_name":"Thomas H. Bradley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-293X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-293X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Bradley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004108761","display_name":"Blake A. Moffitt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159603","display_name":"United Technologies Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vxc1c96","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159603"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154912","display_name":"United Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02mfrg180","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416","https://openalex.org/I4387154912"]}],"countries":["IE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blake Moffitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Technologies Research Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Technologies Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159603","https://openalex.org/I4387154912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109587006","display_name":"D. E. Parekh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159603","display_name":"United Technologies Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vxc1c96","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159603"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154912","display_name":"United Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02mfrg180","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416","https://openalex.org/I4387154912"]}],"countries":["IE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Parekh","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Technologies Research Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Technologies Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159603","https://openalex.org/I4387154912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030117122","display_name":"Thomas F. Fuller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-2876","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-2876"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Fuller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044421630","display_name":"Dimitri N. Mavris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-4988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-4988"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitri Mavris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93547074,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11524","display_name":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","score":0.899399995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11524","display_name":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","score":0.899399995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.09889999777078629,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"energy management","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-electric-aircraft","display_name":"hybrid-electric aircraft","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unmanned-aerial-vehicles","display_name":"unmanned aerial vehicles","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"optimal control","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aircraft-trajectory-optimization","display_name":"flight path optimization","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aircraft-endurance","display_name":"aircraft endurance","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-combustion-engines","display_name":"internal combustion engines","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduced-order-dynamic-model","display_name":"reduced-order dynamic model","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-constraints","display_name":"power constraints","score":0.7039999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.6886813044548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.606899619102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6035690307617188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4516224265098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.4042566120624542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.350902795791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.321897029876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2796265482902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09286201000213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2514/6.2009-4590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-4590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306499169","display_name":"AIAA International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.728.1414","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.728.1414","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.engr.colostate.edu/%7Ethb/Publications/AIAA-2009-4590-640.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309627","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316680","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/0051w2v06"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603354811","https://openalex.org/W1516205193","https://openalex.org/W1530904667","https://openalex.org/W1582288597","https://openalex.org/W1964720085","https://openalex.org/W1969059924","https://openalex.org/W1982378761","https://openalex.org/W1985438872","https://openalex.org/W1999468792","https://openalex.org/W2017454971","https://openalex.org/W2029444703","https://openalex.org/W2031818944","https://openalex.org/W2049967405","https://openalex.org/W2095582152","https://openalex.org/W2143897974","https://openalex.org/W2161136758","https://openalex.org/W2293190482","https://openalex.org/W2316144169","https://openalex.org/W2317431731","https://openalex.org/W2322425893","https://openalex.org/W2333454426","https://openalex.org/W2481735848","https://openalex.org/W2490332177","https://openalex.org/W4249984416","https://openalex.org/W4255243782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6941587120","https://openalex.org/W4296878656","https://openalex.org/W3014237377","https://openalex.org/W3213914137","https://openalex.org/W4200459179","https://openalex.org/W4410020859","https://openalex.org/W2992130945","https://openalex.org/W4200104775","https://openalex.org/W7113166419","https://openalex.org/W2063439891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"researchers":[1],"have":[2],"proposed":[3],"hybridization":[4,89,122],"of":[5,16,23,36,99,150],"fuel":[6,42,46,100],"cell":[7,43,47,101],"powerplants":[8],"for":[9,41,74,83,104,112],"unmanned":[10],"aerial":[11],"vehicles":[12],"with":[13,67,137],"the":[14,18,34,97,118,125,133],"goal":[15],"improving":[17],"aircraft":[19,53,103,119,126,134,143],"performance.":[20],"The":[21],"mechanisms":[22],"this":[24],"performance":[25],"improvement":[26],"are":[27,65],"not":[28,95],"well":[29],"understood.":[30],"This":[31],"work":[32],"poses":[33],"problem":[35],"deriving":[37],"energy":[38,76,135],"management":[39,77,93],"strategies":[40,78],"powered,":[44],"hybrid":[45],"powered":[48,52,102,115],"and":[49,61,79,90],"internal":[50,113],"combustion":[51,114],"as":[54,109],"an":[55,141],"optimal":[56,75,80],"control":[57],"problem.":[58],"Dynamic":[59],"programming":[60,64],"sequential":[62],"quadratic":[63],"used":[66],"reduced":[68],"order":[69],"dynamic":[70],"models":[71],"to":[72,129],"solve":[73],"flight":[81,91],"paths":[82],"these":[84],"aircraft.":[85,116],"Results":[86],"show":[87],"that":[88],"path":[92],"does":[94,123],"improve":[96],"endurance":[98],"a":[105],"fixed":[106],"airframe":[107],"design,":[108],"it":[110],"can":[111],"During":[117],"design":[120,144],"process,":[121],"allow":[124],"power":[127],"constraints":[128],"be":[130],"decoupled":[131],"from":[132],"requirements,":[136],"beneficial":[138],"results":[139],"in":[140],"integrated":[142],"process.":[145],"Nomenclature":[146],"\u03b1":[147],"=":[148],"angle":[149],"attack,":[151],"rad":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}