{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2319970167","doi":null,"title":"Optimal Regulation: The Economic Theory of Natural Monopoly","display_name":"Optimal Regulation: The Economic Theory of Natural Monopoly","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2319970167","mag":"2319970167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028495012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=11387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"software, multimedia"},"volume":null,"type":"other","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006496224","display_name":"Kenneth E. Train","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Train","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006496224"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-monopoly","display_name":"natural monopoly","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-regulation","display_name":"optimal regulation","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economies-of-scale","display_name":"economies of scale","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economies-of-scope","display_name":"economies of scope","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-best-efficiency","display_name":"first-best efficiency","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-best-efficiency","display_name":"second-best efficiency","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ramsey-pricing","display_name":"Ramsey pricing","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-use-pricing","display_name":"time-of-use pricing","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-return-regulation","display_name":"rate-of-return regulation","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-cap-regulation","display_name":"price cap regulation","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contestability","display_name":"contestability","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106094368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q648510","display_name":"Natural monopoly","level":3,"score":0.8858761787414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781127519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43637","display_name":"Monopoly","level":2,"score":0.7783284187316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6806858777999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.6369112730026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.5956602096557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5769305229187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778440429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171947","display_name":"Franchise","level":2,"score":0.526317834854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29321873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5970087","display_name":"Economies of scale","level":2,"score":0.4198126494884491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3568379282951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.17410659790039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.11994141340255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09735187888145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178550888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043282","display_name":"Business administration","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028495012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=11387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"software, multimedia"},{"id":"mag:2319970167","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA13130024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.428600013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140050345","https://openalex.org/W564272025","https://openalex.org/W2482528770","https://openalex.org/W1554449532","https://openalex.org/W3136795268","https://openalex.org/W4239088796","https://openalex.org/W2418542674","https://openalex.org/W1525013168","https://openalex.org/W2036645222","https://openalex.org/W45532395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"cost":[1],"structure":[2],"of":[3,7,12,63,70,86,96],"natural":[4],"monopoly":[5,105],"(economies":[6],"scale":[8],"and":[9,14,27,37,47,50,88],"scope)":[10],"characterization":[11],"first":[13],"second":[15],"best":[16],"optimality":[17,24,59,98],"surplus":[18],"subsidy":[19],"schemes":[20],"for":[21,31,40,53],"attaining":[22,32,41,97],"first-best":[23],"Ramsey":[25],"prices":[26,36,45],"the":[28,42,60,74,92,104],"Vogelsang-Finsinger":[29],"mechanism":[30],"them":[33],"time-of-use":[34],"(TOU)":[35],"Riordan's":[38],"mechanisms":[39],"optimal":[43],"TOU":[44],"multipart":[46],"self-selecting":[48,55],"tariffs,":[49],"Sibley's":[51],"method":[52],"using":[54],"tariffs":[56],"to":[57],"achieve":[58],"Averch-Johnson":[61],"model":[62],"how":[64],"rate-of-return":[65],"regulation":[66,71,83,101],"induces":[67],"inefficiencies":[68],"analysis":[69],"based":[72],"on":[73,77,91],"firm's":[75,93],"return":[76],"output,":[78],"costs,":[79],"or":[80],"sales.":[81],"Price-cap":[82],"regulatory":[84],"treatment":[85],"uncertainty":[87],"its":[89],"impact":[90],"behaviour":[94],"methods":[95],"without":[99],"direct":[100],"(contestability,":[102],"auctioning":[103],"franchise).":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}