{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2319642467","doi":null,"title":"Students Flow in Private Universities in Nigeria: A Markov Chain Modelling Approach","display_name":"Students Flow in Private Universities in Nigeria: A Markov Chain Modelling Approach","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2319642467","mag":"2319642467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.localhost:article/29470","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","pdf_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401197","display_name":"Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Business and Management; Vol 8, No 8 (2016); 107-114","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067974697","display_name":"Ernest Oseghale Amiens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-5504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-5504"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernest O. Amiens","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061879607","display_name":"Michael D. Oisamoje","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Oisamoje","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"8","first_page":"107","last_page":"114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13929","display_name":"Educational Outcomes and Influences","score":0.30469998717308044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14241","display_name":"Evasion and Academic Success Factors","score":0.16689999401569366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-progression","display_name":"student progression","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-universities","display_name":"private universities","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout-rates","display_name":"dropout rates","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastage","display_name":"wastage","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduation","display_name":"graduation","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorbing-states","display_name":"absorbing states","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chains","display_name":"Markov chains","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-probabilities","display_name":"transition probabilities","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-graduation","display_name":"time to graduation","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-retention","display_name":"student retention","score":0.46299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.8337278366088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.65443354845047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5121605396270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48065364360809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.44885891675949097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4265632629394531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.38037431240081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34845393896102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3264320492744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2673145830631256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.21242806315422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2113417685031891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18101412057876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10266661643981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.localhost:article/29470","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","pdf_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401197","display_name":"Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Business and Management; Vol 8, No 8 (2016); 107-114","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:2319642467","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/download/29470/30260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764648571","display_name":"European Journal of Business and Management","issn_l":"2222-1905","issn":["2222-1905","2222-2839"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320723","host_organization_name":"IISTE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320723"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IISTE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Business and Management","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.localhost:article/29470","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","pdf_url":"http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/29470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401197","display_name":"Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Business and Management; Vol 8, No 8 (2016); 107-114","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2319642467.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2319642467.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036518296","https://openalex.org/W2102814669","https://openalex.org/W2109970583","https://openalex.org/W2160666227","https://openalex.org/W2169204100","https://openalex.org/W2184215685","https://openalex.org/W2748079276"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121972830","https://openalex.org/W7214365213","https://openalex.org/W3000157794","https://openalex.org/W2538700172","https://openalex.org/W2620928194","https://openalex.org/W2733006133","https://openalex.org/W2620680125","https://openalex.org/W4401646974","https://openalex.org/W131388395","https://openalex.org/W3093276210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28,43,80],"emergence":[1],"of":[2,15,26,30,45,86,97,99,118,146,155,164,182,190,201,213,237,254,256],"Private":[3],"Universities":[4],"in":[5,101,174,198,259],"Nigeria":[6],"is":[7,50],"expected":[8,95,128],"to":[9,24,69,124,134,152,187,232],"help":[10],"the":[11,31,77,84,94,102,105,109,119,127,136,162,199,211,223,226,235,251,260],"flow":[12],"and":[13,47,177,242,247],"progression":[14,258],"students.":[16,27],"Hence,":[17],"this":[18],"paper":[19],"applies":[20],"Markov":[21],"Chain":[22],"modelling":[23],"flows":[25],"population":[29],"study":[32,106],"includes":[33],"all":[34,175],"students":[35,224,257],"undertaking":[36],"four-year":[37],"programmes":[38],"at":[39,115],"a":[40,53,87,90,112,132,144,153,165,168,180,188,203,214,217],"private":[41,270],"University.":[42],"Faculty":[44,57],"Social":[46],"Management":[48],"Sciences":[49],"chosen":[51],"as":[52],"convenience":[54],"sample.":[55],"This":[56],"has":[58,250],"six":[59],"departments":[60],"for":[61,67,210,222],"which":[62],"secondary":[63],"data":[64,73],"are":[65],"available":[66],"2004/2005":[68],"2013/2014":[70],"sessions.":[71],"Available":[72],"were":[74],"analysed":[75],"using":[76],"Matlab":[78],"software.":[79],"results":[81],"revealed":[82],"that":[83,108,245],"probability":[85,163,200,212],"student":[88,113,133,166,215],"repeating":[89],"grade":[91],"year":[92],"influences":[93],"length":[96],"time":[98,111,129],"stay":[100],"programme.":[103],"Also,":[104],"found":[107],"average":[110],"spent":[114],"each":[116],"level":[117,253],"programme":[120],"ranged":[121,142,178],"from":[122,143,179,230],"1.14":[123],"1.43":[125],"sessions;":[126],"it":[130],"took":[131],"reach":[135],"wastage":[137,169,204,227],"or":[138],"graduation":[139],"absorbing":[140,170,205,219],"states":[141],"minimum":[145,189],"1.4714":[147],"sessions":[148,157],"(in":[149,158,184,192],"400":[150,193],"level)":[151,186],"maximum":[154,181],"4.7463":[156],"100":[159,185],"level).":[160,194],"Furthermore,":[161],"reaching":[167,202,216],"state":[171,206],"continuously":[172],"decreased":[173],"Departments":[176],"0.43":[183],"0.01":[191],"A":[195],"reverse":[196],"trend":[197],"was":[207,239],"however":[208],"exhibited":[209],"graduating":[218],"state.":[220],"Finally,":[221],"sampled,":[225],"ratio":[228],"varied":[229],"1.49":[231],"3.87,":[233],"while":[234],"coefficient":[236],"efficiency":[238,255],"between":[240],"25.84":[241],"67.32.We":[243],"concluded":[244],"Sociology":[246],"Anthropology":[248],"Department":[249],"highest":[252],"Faculty.":[261],"Keywords":[262],":":[263],"markov":[264],"processes,":[265],"absorption":[266],"states,":[267],"dropout":[268],"rates,":[269],"universities,":[271],"transition":[272],"states.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}