{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2315842007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","title":"The Elimination of the Unworthy: Credit Men and Small Retailers in Progressive Era Capitalism","display_name":"The Elimination of the Unworthy: Credit Men and Small Retailers in Progressive Era Capitalism","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2315842007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","mag":"2315842007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1537781400003935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36911653","display_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","issn_l":"1537-7814","issn":["1537-7814","1943-3557"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069530843","display_name":"David Sellers Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Sellers Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069530843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94284519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"197","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13025","display_name":"American History and Culture","score":0.46459999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13025","display_name":"American History and Culture","score":0.46459999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.45210000872612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14237","display_name":"Historical and Political Studies","score":0.026599999517202377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-retailers","display_name":"small retailers","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-capitalism","display_name":"corporate capitalism","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-retail","display_name":"mass retail","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-consumerism","display_name":"mass consumerism","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-production","display_name":"mass production","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overproduction","display_name":"overproduction","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"competition","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-regulation","display_name":"moral regulation","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualism","display_name":"individualism","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-ethics","display_name":"business ethics","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector-efficiency","display_name":"administrative efficiency","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercial-banks","display_name":"commercial banks","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-credit","display_name":"consumer credit","score":0.3370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514928085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206","display_name":"Capitalism","level":3,"score":0.7536503076553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.5952166318893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781385186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89640","display_name":"Consumerism","level":2,"score":0.5941217541694641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5938100814819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.5812634229660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5041509866714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49493942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3400813","display_name":"Economic power","level":3,"score":0.4561232626438141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.43746417760849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37868234515190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.36421847343444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.358495831489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3451263904571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.16017404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.12525081634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1537781400003935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36911653","display_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","issn_l":"1537-7814","issn":["1537-7814","1943-3557"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W564409966","https://openalex.org/W607672700","https://openalex.org/W657977051","https://openalex.org/W1479797409","https://openalex.org/W1480256302","https://openalex.org/W1501036833","https://openalex.org/W1501827109","https://openalex.org/W1538870304","https://openalex.org/W1607997335","https://openalex.org/W1966265275","https://openalex.org/W1966861174","https://openalex.org/W1976746079","https://openalex.org/W1980835061","https://openalex.org/W1989666059","https://openalex.org/W1999046473","https://openalex.org/W1999791070","https://openalex.org/W2000436155","https://openalex.org/W2007867171","https://openalex.org/W2010025922","https://openalex.org/W2010476126","https://openalex.org/W2011213805","https://openalex.org/W2012461932","https://openalex.org/W2018153081","https://openalex.org/W2021708675","https://openalex.org/W2024368120","https://openalex.org/W2027306490","https://openalex.org/W2033060706","https://openalex.org/W2034794750","https://openalex.org/W2035158093","https://openalex.org/W2040096121","https://openalex.org/W2040928674","https://openalex.org/W2050463930","https://openalex.org/W2051576358","https://openalex.org/W2053047739","https://openalex.org/W2061770525","https://openalex.org/W2063079482","https://openalex.org/W2070308094","https://openalex.org/W2086293884","https://openalex.org/W2098518460","https://openalex.org/W2108795897","https://openalex.org/W2129432581","https://openalex.org/W2133583808","https://openalex.org/W2143055111","https://openalex.org/W2156360337","https://openalex.org/W2158123272","https://openalex.org/W2279618659","https://openalex.org/W2315399467","https://openalex.org/W2316154737","https://openalex.org/W2316536698","https://openalex.org/W2322926031","https://openalex.org/W2326898008","https://openalex.org/W2328023625","https://openalex.org/W2329879494","https://openalex.org/W2330555257","https://openalex.org/W2331915073","https://openalex.org/W2331964972","https://openalex.org/W2334084138","https://openalex.org/W2488394732","https://openalex.org/W2713440638","https://openalex.org/W2738723729","https://openalex.org/W2746964898","https://openalex.org/W2796124226","https://openalex.org/W2902656849","https://openalex.org/W2917266610","https://openalex.org/W3021468001","https://openalex.org/W3155193175","https://openalex.org/W3201060882","https://openalex.org/W3205365000","https://openalex.org/W4213224101","https://openalex.org/W4231862982","https://openalex.org/W4237930813","https://openalex.org/W4238479016","https://openalex.org/W4243583392","https://openalex.org/W4244232432","https://openalex.org/W4248040852","https://openalex.org/W4248688975","https://openalex.org/W4299933976","https://openalex.org/W4301019358","https://openalex.org/W4301080994","https://openalex.org/W4301789655","https://openalex.org/W4319588667","https://openalex.org/W4399945300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381294851","https://openalex.org/W3049522264","https://openalex.org/W4235002351","https://openalex.org/W2078901678","https://openalex.org/W4246369354","https://openalex.org/W4230966659","https://openalex.org/W1462258809","https://openalex.org/W2085386415","https://openalex.org/W4229070058","https://openalex.org/W2249188894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,115],"largest":[1,30],"organization":[2,87],"of":[3,27,40,50,59,70,102,147],"capitalists":[4,153],"during":[5],"the":[6,28,37,48,60,68,96,100,137,143,148],"Progressive":[7],"Era":[8],"was":[9,95],"one":[10],"that":[11],"most":[12],"American":[13],"historians":[14],"have":[15],"never":[16],"heard":[17],"of.":[18],"Motivated":[19],"primarily":[20],"by":[21,156],"overproduction":[22],"and":[23,33,55,76,85,106,113,120,133,145],"ruthless":[24],"competition,":[25],"many":[26,64],"nation's":[29,138],"manufacturers,":[31],"distributors,":[32],"commercial":[34],"banks":[35],"formed":[36],"National":[38],"Association":[39],"Credit":[41,61],"Men":[42,62],"(NACM)":[43],"in":[44,83,99,136],"1896":[45],"to":[46,53,73,130,141],"reduce":[47],"supply":[49],"credit":[51],"available":[52],"retailers":[54],"consumers.":[56],"story":[58],"confirms":[63],"standard":[65],"assumptions":[66],"regarding":[67],"rise":[69],"corporate":[71,152],"America":[72],"economic":[74],"power":[75,155],"cultural":[77],"legitimacy":[78],"while":[79],"challenging":[80],"others.":[81],"Advances":[82],"technology":[84],"salaried":[86],"made":[88],"possible":[89],"their":[90],"mobilization,":[91],"yet":[92],"more":[93],"important":[94],"significant":[97],"lag":[98],"development":[101],"mass":[103,108,111],"retail":[104],"institutions":[105],"consequently":[107],"consumerism":[109],"behind":[110],"production":[112],"distribution.":[114],"NACM":[116],"deployed":[117],"standardized":[118],"methods":[119],"hungered":[121],"for":[122,160],"administrative":[123],"efficiency":[124],"but":[125],"used":[126],"these":[127],"modern":[128],"tools":[129],"instill":[131],"order":[132],"ethical":[134],"discipline":[135],"business,":[139],"not":[140],"secularize":[142],"economy":[144],"culture":[146],"new":[149],"century.":[150],"America's":[151],"seized":[154],"promising":[157],"moral":[158],"regulation":[159],"unbridled":[161],"individualism.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
