{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2314705296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","title":"First the Streets, Then the Archives","display_name":"First the Streets, Then the Archives","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2314705296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","mag":"2314705296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ajlh/njv027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169727461","display_name":"American Journal of Legal History","issn_l":"0002-9319","issn":["0002-9319","2161-797X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Legal History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056440588","display_name":"Martha S. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-6017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-6017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martha S. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["is Presidential Bicentennial Professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where she is a member of the faculties in History, Afroamerican and African Studies, and Law. She is co-director of the Michigan Law Program in Race, Law, & History. This essay is excerpted from Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America, forthcoming from Cambridge University Press. Thank you to editors Al Brophy and Stefan Vogenauer. Thank you to the colleagues and clients, far too many to name, with whom I worked during my years with MFY Legal Services and the HIV Law Project"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is Presidential Bicentennial Professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where she is a member of the faculties in History, Afroamerican and African Studies, and Law. She is co-director of the Michigan Law Program in Race, Law, & History. This essay is excerpted from Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America, forthcoming from Cambridge University Press. Thank you to editors Al Brophy and Stefan Vogenauer. Thank you to the colleagues and clients, far too many to name, with whom I worked during my years with MFY Legal Services and the HIV Law Project","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056440588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":4533,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4533},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03151967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"92","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":0.8051999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":0.8051999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13877","display_name":"Law in Society and Culture","score":0.06289999932050705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.03319999948143959,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homelessness","display_name":"homelessness","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homeless-encampments","display_name":"homeless encampments","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/housing-court","display_name":"housing court","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-city","display_name":"New York City","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-history","display_name":"legal history","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archives","display_name":"archives","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streets","display_name":"streets","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"inequality","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"power","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joseph-roach","display_name":"Joseph Roach","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/housing-law","display_name":"housing law","score":0.33899998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7292872667312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1517167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134322","display_name":"Sight","level":2,"score":0.6941386461257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6448624134063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5543422698974609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5371089577674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5013365745544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.47678589820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019221131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55621107","display_name":"Lived experience","level":2,"score":0.44087544083595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.3635166883468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.35688716173171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27823707461357117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2749781608581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.2701231837272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10345599055290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.08813497424125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ajlh/njv027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njv027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169727461","display_name":"American Journal of Legal History","issn_l":"0002-9319","issn":["0002-9319","2161-797X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Legal History","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:ajlh:56/1/92","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ajlh.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/56/1/92","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.5142999887466431,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172055257","https://openalex.org/W386170803","https://openalex.org/W2755574048","https://openalex.org/W2325195249","https://openalex.org/W2760438055","https://openalex.org/W2062797085","https://openalex.org/W2619312246","https://openalex.org/W7011849788","https://openalex.org/W2972413435","https://openalex.org/W4415595758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Our":[0],"work":[1],"as":[2],"legal":[3],"historians":[4],"is":[5,91],"to":[6,25,30,41,76,101],"explore":[7],"those":[8],"sites":[9],"where":[10,105],"history\u2019s":[11],"unspeakable,":[12],"inexpressible":[13],"past":[14],"still":[15],"lives.":[16],"This":[17,37],"essay":[18,38],"follows":[19],"the":[20,28,35,43,50,69,82,95,102,109],"suggestion":[21],"of":[22,45,52,84,94,111],"Joseph":[23],"Roach":[24],"go":[26],"beyond":[27],"archives":[29,104],"\u201cspend":[31],"more":[32],"time":[33],"in":[34,49,88],"streets.\u201d":[36],"asks":[39],"how":[40,81,108],"explain":[42],"fact":[44],"homeless":[46,70],"people":[47],"living":[48],"shadows":[51],"New":[53],"York":[54],"City\u2019s":[55],"Housing":[56],"Court.":[57],"We":[58],"might":[59,74],"cringe,":[60],"furrow":[61],"our":[62,66],"brows,":[63],"and":[64,114],"avert":[65],"gazes":[67],"from":[68],"encampment.":[71],"Or,":[72],"we":[73,98,106],"pause":[75],"ask":[77],"a":[78,92],"question":[79],"about":[80],"sight":[83],"human":[85],"beings":[86],"huddled":[87],"cardboard":[89],"boxes":[90],"sign":[93],"past.":[96],"Then":[97],"can":[99],"return":[100],"courthouse":[103],"learn":[107],"dynamics":[110],"race,":[112],"power,":[113],"inequality":[115],"have":[116],"always":[117],"lived":[118],"there.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T05:00:35.095934","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
