{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2311041530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","title":"A Novel Mathematical Modeling and Parameterization for Sign Language Classification","display_name":"A Novel Mathematical Modeling and Parameterization for Sign Language Classification","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2311041530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","mag":"2311041530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001416500099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054590646","display_name":"Sumaira Kausar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-7802","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-7802"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumaira Kausar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100887408","display_name":"Muhammad Younus Javed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Younus Javed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Hitec University, Hit, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Hitec University, Hit, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037025797","display_name":"Samabia Tehsin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-0752","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-0752"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samabia Tehsin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087755879","display_name":"Almas Anjum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192891849","display_name":"University of Wah","ror":"https://ror.org/020we4134","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192891849"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almas Anjum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Sciences Department, University of Wah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Sciences Department, University of Wah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192891849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7083,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86568294,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"05","first_page":"1650009","last_page":"1650009"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language-recognition","display_name":"sign language recognition","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan-sign-language","display_name":"Pakistan Sign Language","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"feature extraction","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"dimensionality reduction","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limited-training-data","display_name":"limited training data","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6892269849777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6636652946472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5841493010520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236813","display_name":"Sign function","level":2,"score":0.5689388513565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5669302940368652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5370274186134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5210520625114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.49716880917549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46801862120628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.42974767088890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41918236017227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.362206369638443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.306526243686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09045732021331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218001416500099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416500099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41486457","display_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0218-0014","issn":["0218-0014","1793-6381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W783341876","https://openalex.org/W1603399587","https://openalex.org/W1977411777","https://openalex.org/W2107603586","https://openalex.org/W2115881480","https://openalex.org/W2800106282","https://openalex.org/W4210430573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584475840","https://openalex.org/W3087370907","https://openalex.org/W4413020331","https://openalex.org/W2157162180","https://openalex.org/W7161010803","https://openalex.org/W4409103777","https://openalex.org/W3153016512","https://openalex.org/W4296946164","https://openalex.org/W2059651792","https://openalex.org/W4407693894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sign":[0,123],"language":[1],"recognition":[2],"(SLR)":[3],"has":[4,101,144],"got":[5,102],"wide":[6],"applicability.":[7],"SLR":[8,28],"system":[9],"is":[10,33,42,62,126,136],"considered":[11],"to":[12,92],"be":[13],"a":[14,45,85,93,109],"challenging":[15],"one.":[16],"This":[17,60,79],"paper":[18],"presents":[19],"empirical":[20,81],"analysis":[21,68],"of":[22,37,51],"different":[23],"mathematical":[24,46,74],"models":[25],"for":[26,69,76,119],"Pakistan":[27],"(PSLR).":[29],"The":[30,97],"proposed":[31,99,142],"method":[32,100],"using":[34],"the":[35,57,71,130],"parameterization":[36],"sign":[38,41],"signature.":[39],"Each":[40],"represented":[43],"with":[44],"function":[47],"and":[48,67,90,113],"then":[49,141],"coefficients":[50],"these":[52],"functions":[53],"are":[54],"used":[55,125],"as":[56,105],"feature":[58,88],"vector.":[59],"approach":[61],"based":[63],"on":[64],"exhaustive":[65],"experimentation":[66],"getting":[70],"best":[72],"suitable":[73],"representation":[75],"each":[77],"sign.":[78],"extensive":[80],"analysis,":[82],"results":[83],"in":[84,129],"very":[86,94,137],"small":[87,138],"vector":[89],"hence":[91],"efficient":[95],"system.":[96],"robust":[98],"general":[103],"applicability":[104],"it":[106,114],"just":[107],"need":[108],"new":[110],"training":[111],"set":[112,124],"can":[115],"work":[116],"equally":[117],"good":[118],"any":[120],"other":[121],"dataset.":[122],"quite":[127,146],"complex":[128],"sense":[131],"that":[132],"intersign":[133],"similarity":[134],"distance":[135],"but":[139],"even":[140],"methodology":[143],"given":[145],"promising":[147],"results.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}