{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2304772628","doi":null,"title":"PLANT BODY PLANS: UNITY OF TYPE OR CONDITIONS OF EXISTENCE?","display_name":"PLANT BODY PLANS: UNITY OF TYPE OR CONDITIONS OF EXISTENCE?","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2304772628","mag":"2304772628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2304772628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gravitationalandspacebiology.org/index.php/journal/article/viewFile/328/329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764699167","display_name":"Gravitational and Space Research","issn_l":"2332-7774","issn":["2332-7774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Gravitational and Space Research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065769287","display_name":"Karl Joseph Niklas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-1286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-1286"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karl J. Niklas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-1286","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065769287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10385","display_name":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","score":0.18400000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10385","display_name":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","score":0.18400000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12618","display_name":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","score":0.15160000324249268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12813","display_name":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","score":0.0925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-plan-evolution","display_name":"body plan evolution","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"convergence","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/existence-conditions","display_name":"existence conditions","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algae","display_name":"algae","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-plants","display_name":"land plants","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicellularity","display_name":"multicellularity","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colony-growth","display_name":"colony growth","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allometry","display_name":"allometry","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-morphology","display_name":"plant morphology","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-anatomy","display_name":"plant anatomy","score":0.8840000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148737382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32831","display_name":"Body plan","level":3,"score":0.9339511394500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8702338337898254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74318829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36458","display_name":"Multicellular organism","level":3,"score":0.824604868888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150078595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1158802","display_name":"Phyletic gradualism","level":4,"score":0.738220751285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58677359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201511","display_name":"Plant evolution","level":4,"score":0.6939160823822021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776817793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553369","display_name":"Lineage (genetic)","level":3,"score":0.6783398389816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162100973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217743","display_name":"Polyphyly","level":5,"score":0.6766471862792969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62142553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200312","display_name":"Convergent evolution","level":4,"score":0.6318519115447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.6030982136726379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5007262229919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180182882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1028964","display_name":"Philosophy of biology","level":3,"score":0.4369274973869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12326286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210958","display_name":"Monophyly","level":5,"score":0.4299930930137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42989280819892883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90132467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184","display_name":"Phylogenetics","level":3,"score":0.34784188866615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.1090412437915802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.08773422241210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110099512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59115","display_name":"Philosophy of science","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44465124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q713623","display_name":"Clade","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2304772628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gravitationalandspacebiology.org/index.php/journal/article/viewFile/328/329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764699167","display_name":"Gravitational and Space Research","issn_l":"2332-7774","issn":["2332-7774"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Gravitational and Space Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38789529","https://openalex.org/W193795900","https://openalex.org/W642793880","https://openalex.org/W1569391783","https://openalex.org/W1573365260","https://openalex.org/W1602740878","https://openalex.org/W1603963329","https://openalex.org/W1865748464","https://openalex.org/W1970497266","https://openalex.org/W1977584478","https://openalex.org/W1977838623","https://openalex.org/W1980446875","https://openalex.org/W1989046818","https://openalex.org/W1989665777","https://openalex.org/W1992105061","https://openalex.org/W2008004759","https://openalex.org/W2017626220","https://openalex.org/W2021528024","https://openalex.org/W2023162172","https://openalex.org/W2048652415","https://openalex.org/W2051118527","https://openalex.org/W2063158055","https://openalex.org/W2070969758","https://openalex.org/W2074214911","https://openalex.org/W2100910187","https://openalex.org/W2102206458","https://openalex.org/W2139934817","https://openalex.org/W2148174329","https://openalex.org/W2164456481","https://openalex.org/W2168693649","https://openalex.org/W2400600180","https://openalex.org/W2464450545","https://openalex.org/W2785226900","https://openalex.org/W3021363960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070969758","https://openalex.org/W7097190251","https://openalex.org/W2086996868","https://openalex.org/W4386415978","https://openalex.org/W2904660247","https://openalex.org/W2402328076","https://openalex.org/W4386774157","https://openalex.org/W2261399287","https://openalex.org/W4413161384","https://openalex.org/W2167742763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eukaryotic":[0],"photoautotrophs":[1],"(\u2018plants\u2019)":[2],"have":[3,100,168],"evolved":[4],"independently":[5],"multiple":[6],"times":[7],"in":[8,40,48,90,105,117],"Earth\u2019s":[9],"history.":[10],"Most":[11],"lineages":[12,73,93],"are":[13,149,155],"ancient,":[14],"strictly":[15],"aquatic,":[16],"and":[17,31,44,60,67,94,129,136],"polyphyletic":[18],"(collectively":[19],"called":[20],"the":[21,24,37,72,83],"\u2018algae\u2019),":[22],"whereas":[23],"most":[25,91],"recent":[26],"lineage":[27],"is":[28,114],"largely":[29],"terrestrial":[30],"monophyletic":[32],"(the":[33],"embryophytes).":[34],"Yet,":[35],"despite":[36],"tremendous":[38],"diversity":[39],"body":[41,55,63,86,109,123,144],"size,":[42],"shape,":[43],"internal":[45],"structure":[46],"represented":[47],"these":[49],"various":[50],"lineages,":[51],"only":[52],"three":[53],"basic":[54],"plans":[56],"exist":[57],"(unicellular,":[58],"colonial,":[59],"multicellular).":[61],"Extensive":[62],"plan":[64,87,110,124,145],"convergence":[65],"among":[66],"divergence":[68],"within":[69],"many":[70],"of":[71,78,85,98,119],"has":[74],"occurred.":[75],"This":[76,112],"aspect":[77],"plant":[79,106,122],"life":[80],"contrasts":[81],"with":[82],"\u2018unity":[84],"type\u2019":[88],"evident":[89],"animal":[92,108],"suggests":[95],"that":[96,163],"\u2018conditions":[97],"existence\u2019":[99],"played":[101],"a":[102],"greater":[103],"role":[104],"than":[107],"evolution.":[111,172],"hypothesis":[113],"here":[115],"explored":[116],"terms":[118],"how":[120,130],"each":[121],"achieves":[125],"its":[126],"organized":[127],"growth":[128],"it":[131],"can":[132],"produce":[133],"different":[134],"morphologies":[135],"anatomies":[137],"adaptive":[138],"to":[139,157],"local":[140],"environmental":[141],"conditions.":[142],"Plant":[143],"size-dependent":[146],"(allometric)":[147],"trends":[148,154],"also":[150],"briefly":[151],"reviewed.":[152],"Some":[153],"insensitive":[156],"phyletic":[158],"affiliation":[159],"or":[160],"habitat":[161],"suggesting":[162],"deeply":[164],"embedded":[165],"biophysical":[166],"phenomena":[167],"literally":[169],"shaped":[170],"lant":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}