{"id":"https://openalex.org/W23018172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","title":"To Give or Not to Give: Modeling Individuals' Contribution Decisions","display_name":"To Give or Not to Give: Modeling Individuals' Contribution Decisions","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W23018172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","mag":"23018172"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1020994921777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110036823","display_name":"Political Behavior","issn_l":"0190-9320","issn":["0190-9320","1573-6687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071665868","display_name":"J. Tobin Grant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110378019","display_name":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","ror":"https://ror.org/049kefs16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110378019","https://openalex.org/I2801502357"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Tobin Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, Southern Illinois University, Mailcode 4501, Carbondale, IL, 62901-4501","Department of Political Science Southern Illinois University, Carbondale"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, Southern Illinois University, Mailcode 4501, Carbondale, IL, 62901-4501","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science Southern Illinois University, Carbondale","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001299410","display_name":"Thomas J Rudolph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0031-4137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0031-4137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. Rudolph","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana\u2013Champaign"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana\u2013Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00607235,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"31","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12225","display_name":"Political Influence and Corporate Strategies","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11120","display_name":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/campaign-contributions","display_name":"campaign contributions","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solicitation","display_name":"solicitation","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-effects","display_name":"selection effects","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus-effects","display_name":"stimulus effects","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-resources","display_name":"information resources","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-resources","display_name":"financial resources","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2000-elections","display_name":"2000 elections","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/campaign-finance","display_name":"campaign finance","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-and-giving","display_name":"income and giving","score":0.5260000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5427972674369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780883770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1352232","display_name":"Campaign finance","level":3,"score":0.41416609287261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.40873441100120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3549010753631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2837459444999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.1708005964756012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1279752552509308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1020994921777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020994921777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110036823","display_name":"Political Behavior","issn_l":"0190-9320","issn":["0190-9320","1573-6687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W304284721","https://openalex.org/W403418528","https://openalex.org/W565692027","https://openalex.org/W580289752","https://openalex.org/W1964242754","https://openalex.org/W1967467173","https://openalex.org/W1971758191","https://openalex.org/W1976912791","https://openalex.org/W1984910967","https://openalex.org/W1985721193","https://openalex.org/W1987306108","https://openalex.org/W1988993804","https://openalex.org/W1995757656","https://openalex.org/W2000854037","https://openalex.org/W2016382728","https://openalex.org/W2018359856","https://openalex.org/W2031340404","https://openalex.org/W2032792074","https://openalex.org/W2035534527","https://openalex.org/W2056609919","https://openalex.org/W2064150770","https://openalex.org/W2064187035","https://openalex.org/W2078413369","https://openalex.org/W2079335599","https://openalex.org/W2082613272","https://openalex.org/W2092818866","https://openalex.org/W2114078650","https://openalex.org/W2129220199","https://openalex.org/W2134361522","https://openalex.org/W2143357977","https://openalex.org/W2147615589","https://openalex.org/W2161406797","https://openalex.org/W2314310049","https://openalex.org/W2319577216","https://openalex.org/W2325621725","https://openalex.org/W2327143649","https://openalex.org/W2798345140","https://openalex.org/W4229836644","https://openalex.org/W4233407399","https://openalex.org/W4238311460","https://openalex.org/W4246137507","https://openalex.org/W6650652149","https://openalex.org/W6996281411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W40885238","https://openalex.org/W1577743586","https://openalex.org/W4238311460","https://openalex.org/W2475544014","https://openalex.org/W2151138436","https://openalex.org/W2023006042","https://openalex.org/W1499366067","https://openalex.org/W2143801659","https://openalex.org/W2767310973","https://openalex.org/W2789655434"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}