{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2299790979","doi":null,"title":"Preventing COPD exacerbations: new options for a crucial and growing problem.","display_name":"Preventing COPD exacerbations: new options for a crucial and growing problem.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2299790979","mag":"2299790979","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25750508","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4350387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:25750508","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25750508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4350387","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052110481","display_name":"Jeffrey L. Curtis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-4847","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-4847"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102099","display_name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/018txrr13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122509","display_name":"Ann Arbor VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/039n0s143","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210122509","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey L Curtis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105; and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109","Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105; and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114445","https://openalex.org/I4210122509"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210122509"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Carlos H Martinez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102099","display_name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/018txrr13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122509","display_name":"Ann Arbor VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/039n0s143","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210122509","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos H Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105; and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109","and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Section, Medicine Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105; and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114445","https://openalex.org/I4210122509"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2423,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66622737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"18S","last_page":"24S"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-exacerbation-of-copd","display_name":"COPD exacerbations","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exacerbation-prevention","display_name":"exacerbation prevention","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-acting-muscarinic-antagonist","display_name":"long-acting muscarinic antagonist","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copd-prevalence","display_name":"COPD prevalence","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-with-copd","display_name":"women with COPD","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-management","display_name":"primary care management","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function-decline","display_name":"lung function decline","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.5}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.8913848400115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8718669414520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780911369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753853","display_name":"Lama","level":3,"score":0.5863606929779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253","display_name":"Smoking cessation","level":2,"score":0.5082771182060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5034157633781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4865952730178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.42720067501068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29374701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931388","display_name":"Cause of death","level":3,"score":0.4220297932624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.32392770051956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:25750508","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25750508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3317283","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4350387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4350387","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4350387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fed Pract","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2299790979","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25750508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3317283","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4350387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2778368807","display_name":"Understanding the Lung Microbiome in HIV-Infected and HIV-uninfected individuals","funder_award_id":"U01HL098961","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66706142","https://openalex.org/W130099911","https://openalex.org/W1496026319","https://openalex.org/W1501843833","https://openalex.org/W1811879327","https://openalex.org/W1861036421","https://openalex.org/W1893937985","https://openalex.org/W1950113648","https://openalex.org/W1973530626","https://openalex.org/W1973742535","https://openalex.org/W1980003405","https://openalex.org/W1981197711","https://openalex.org/W1983772324","https://openalex.org/W1988077598","https://openalex.org/W1988645485","https://openalex.org/W1994027941","https://openalex.org/W2001244779","https://openalex.org/W2002726093","https://openalex.org/W2004030776","https://openalex.org/W2006430543","https://openalex.org/W2010063074","https://openalex.org/W2012519534","https://openalex.org/W2020707691","https://openalex.org/W2049263744","https://openalex.org/W2053666037","https://openalex.org/W2054685659","https://openalex.org/W2056267346","https://openalex.org/W2058981384","https://openalex.org/W2070935883","https://openalex.org/W2081714851","https://openalex.org/W2096373158","https://openalex.org/W2098628108","https://openalex.org/W2099186890","https://openalex.org/W2100738224","https://openalex.org/W2101460003","https://openalex.org/W2101787490","https://openalex.org/W2112162293","https://openalex.org/W2113026917","https://openalex.org/W2117837864","https://openalex.org/W2118269576","https://openalex.org/W2119882794","https://openalex.org/W2120629366","https://openalex.org/W2122790962","https://openalex.org/W2122806520","https://openalex.org/W2127895332","https://openalex.org/W2132128923","https://openalex.org/W2134492231","https://openalex.org/W2138988992","https://openalex.org/W2140452260","https://openalex.org/W2141034778","https://openalex.org/W2142633372","https://openalex.org/W2142724633","https://openalex.org/W2145152803","https://openalex.org/W2146514656","https://openalex.org/W2147204689","https://openalex.org/W2153284508","https://openalex.org/W2157448596","https://openalex.org/W2157745657","https://openalex.org/W2160421825","https://openalex.org/W2167374836","https://openalex.org/W2168967618","https://openalex.org/W2170298115","https://openalex.org/W2171336403","https://openalex.org/W2255530341","https://openalex.org/W2317489750","https://openalex.org/W2492567528","https://openalex.org/W2515280055","https://openalex.org/W4236132672","https://openalex.org/W4239080780","https://openalex.org/W4244571044","https://openalex.org/W4252043210","https://openalex.org/W4252718630"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145858206","https://openalex.org/W2565688068","https://openalex.org/W2540794235","https://openalex.org/W2942480491","https://openalex.org/W1991945062","https://openalex.org/W131515976","https://openalex.org/W2921348518","https://openalex.org/W2010063074","https://openalex.org/W33663301","https://openalex.org/W1965503177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Your":[0],"66":[1],"year":[2,22],"old":[3],"patient":[4,550],"with":[5,263,467,472,481,493,504,514,527],"chronic":[6],"obstructive":[7],"pulmonary":[8],"disease":[9,28,414],"(COPD)":[10],"starts":[11],"her":[12,86,112],"clinic":[13],"visit":[14],"by":[15,277,461,498],"asking:":[16],"\u201cHow":[17],"can":[18,117,302],"we":[19],"prevent":[20,536],"another":[21],"like":[23,75],"the":[24,36,64,120,149,156,167,190,222,317,330,342,385,405,542,549,565,571],"last":[25,65],"one?\u201d":[26],"Her":[27],"is":[29,83,129,160,172,401,410,450,532],"spirometrically-moderate":[30],"(FEV1":[31],"64%":[32],"predicted),":[33,251],"but":[34],"in":[35,145,155,163,166,177,189,283,290,299,321,329,332,364,441,452,465,502,548,564],"past":[37],"12":[38],"months":[39,345],"she":[40,59,106],"had":[41],"four":[42],"ER":[43],"visits":[44,522],"and":[45,54,97,110,139,171,233,261,270,289,335,360,378,538],"a":[46,88,98,132,242,439],"hospitalization":[47,255,308,348,376],"for":[48,209,215,230,314,326,341,372,433,574],"\u201cbreathing":[49],"problems\u201d,":[50],"each":[51],"requiring":[52,254,347,375,487,519],"antibiotics":[53],"oral":[55],"steroids.":[56],"She":[57,67,82],"feels":[58],"never":[60],"really":[61],"recovered":[62],"from":[63,425],"attack.":[66],"asks,":[68],"\u201cWill":[69],"I":[70],"become":[71],"dependent":[72],"on":[73,398,454,557],"oxygen,":[74],"my":[76],"uncle":[77],"was":[78,281],"before":[79],"he":[80],"died?\u201d":[81],"faithfully":[84],"taking":[85],"inhalers,":[87],"long-acting":[89,99],"beta":[90],"agonist":[91],"(LABA)/potent":[92],"inhaled":[93],"corticosteroid":[94],"(ICS)":[95],"combination,":[96],"muscarinic":[100],"antagonist":[101],"(LAMA).":[102],"You":[103],"confirm":[104],"that":[105,111,301],"still":[107],"not":[108,253],"smoking,":[109],"immunizations":[113],"are":[114,309,349,361],"current.":[115],"What":[116],"you":[118],"recommend?\r\n\r\nIn":[119],"21st":[121],"century,":[122],"preventing":[123,225,240],"acute":[124,474,483,508,515,528],"exacerbations":[125,464,475,484,501,509,516,529],"of":[126,153,187,224,239,245,267,285,316,339,396,408,463,476,485,500,510,517,544,555,570],"COPD":[127,141,159,188,203,217,327,419,486,518],"(AECOPD)":[128],"as":[130,136,404,547],"crucial":[131,534],"Primary":[133],"Care":[134],"goal":[135],"controlling":[137],"hypertension":[138],"dyslipidemias.":[140],"incidence":[142],"surpassed":[143],"stroke":[144],"2008,":[146],"making":[147],"it":[148,531],"third":[150],"leading":[151],"cause":[152,407],"death":[154,409],"USA":[157,191,331],"1.":[158],"more":[161,182,411],"prevalent":[162],"Veterans":[164],"than":[165,184,415],"age-matched":[168],"general":[169],"population,":[170],"markedly":[173,336],"under-diagnosed":[174],"2,3,":[175],"especially":[176,539],"women":[178],"4.":[179],"Since":[180],"2000,":[181],"woman":[183],"men":[185],"died":[186],"5.":[192],"With":[193],"significant":[194],"latency":[195],"plus":[196],"frequent":[197,231,545],"progression":[198],"even":[199,276,310],"after":[200],"smoking":[201],"cessation,":[202],"prevalence":[204],"will":[205],"continue":[206],"to":[207,236,428,535,540,561],"increase":[208],"decades.\r\n\r\nRecent":[210],"advances":[211],"offer":[212],"tailored":[213],"therapies":[214],"selected":[216],"patients.":[218],"This":[219,369],"article":[220],"explains":[221],"importance":[223],"AECOPD,":[226,232],"summarizes":[227],"risk":[228,370,432],"factors":[229],"outlines":[234],"approaches":[235],"their":[237,562],"prevention.\r\n\r\nImportance":[238],"AECOPD\r\nIn":[241],"longitudinal":[243],"study":[244],"101":[246],"patients":[247,286,466,471,480,492,503,513,526],"(mean":[248],"FEV1":[249,300],"42%":[250],"AECOPD":[252,296,306,374,397,447,556],"significantly":[256,377],"impaired":[257],"both":[258],"lung":[259],"function":[260],"symptoms,":[262],"median":[264],"recovery":[265,280],"times":[266],"6":[268],"days":[269],"7":[271],"days,":[272,279],"respectively":[273],"6.":[274,294],"But":[275],"35":[278],"incomplete":[282],"25%":[284],"(by":[287,292],"spirometry)":[288],"14%":[291],"symptoms)":[293],"Frequent":[295],"accelerate":[297],"declines":[298],"be":[303,429],"permanent":[304],"7,8.":[305],"warranting":[307],"worse.":[311],"They":[312],"account":[313],"most":[315,566],"estimated":[318],"$30":[319],"billion":[320],"direct":[322],"health":[323],"care":[324],"expenditures":[325],"treatment":[328,456],"2010":[333],"9,":[334],"impair":[337],"quality":[338],"life":[340],"following":[343],"6\u201324":[344],"10\u201312.\r\n\r\nAECOPD":[346],"surprisingly":[350],"lethal:":[351],"recent":[352,567],"in-hospital":[353],"all-cause":[354,382,399],"mortality":[355,383,400],"rates":[356],"were":[357],"5\u20137%":[358],"13,14,":[359],"much":[362],"greater":[363],"those":[365,453],"needing":[366],"mechanical":[367],"ventilation.":[368],"persists":[371],"survivors;":[373],"independently":[379],"predict":[380],"increased":[381],"over":[384],"next":[386],"five":[387],"years":[388],"(Figs.":[389],"1":[390],"&":[391],"2)":[392],"15.":[393],"The":[394,553],"impact":[395,554],"generally":[402],"underappreciated,":[403],"final":[406],"often":[412],"cardiovascular":[413,434,442],"respiratory":[416],"failure":[417],"16,17.":[418],"itself":[420],"has":[421,559],"long":[422],"been":[423],"known":[424],"Framingham":[426],"data":[427],"an":[430],"independent":[431],"events.":[435],"Recent":[436],"studies":[437],"show":[438],"surge":[440],"inflammatory":[443],"mediators":[444],"early":[445],"during":[446],"18,":[448],"which":[449],"blunted":[451],"anti-inflammatory":[455],"19.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nFigure":[457],"1\r\n\r\nKaplan-Meier":[458],"survival":[459,496],"curves":[460,497],"frequency":[462],"COPD:":[468,505],"group":[469,478,490],"A,":[470],"no":[473,507],"COPD;":[477,511],"B,":[479],"1\u20132":[482],"hospital":[488],"management;":[489],"C,":[491],"...\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nFigure":[494],"2\r\n\r\nKaplan-Meier":[495],"severity":[499],"(1)":[506],"(2)":[512],"emergency":[520],"service":[521],"without":[523],"admission;":[524],"(3)":[525],"...\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nClearly,":[530],"incredibly":[533],"AECOPDs,":[537],"break":[541],"cycle":[543],"episodes":[546],"described":[551],"above.":[552],"prognosis":[558],"led":[560],"inclusion":[563],"staging":[568],"system":[569],"Global":[572],"Initiative":[573],"Obstructive":[575],"Lung":[576],"Disease":[577],"(GOLD)":[578],"(http://www.goldcopd.org).":[579]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
