{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2298688684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","title":"Differential diagnosis and management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to hyperprolactinemia","display_name":"Differential diagnosis and management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to hyperprolactinemia","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2298688684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","mag":"2298688684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110569015300935/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133968747","display_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","issn_l":"1110-5690","issn":["1110-5690","2090-3251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110569015300935/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111674957","display_name":"Abdallah M. Adra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98635879","display_name":"American University of Beirut","ror":"https://ror.org/04pznsd21","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98635879"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Adra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98635879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005830880","display_name":"Mazen Zibdeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107649","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/012qr1y49","country_code":"JO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107649"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazen Yousef El Zibdeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Garden\u2019s Hospital, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Garden\u2019s Hospital, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018682799","display_name":"Abdul Malek Mohammed Abdul Malek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105260","display_name":"Specialty Hospital, Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/01fafm680","country_code":"JO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105260"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Malek Mohammed Abdul Malek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Specialty Hospital, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Specialty Hospital, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105260"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068920217","display_name":"Amir Hekmat Hamrahian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-9385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-9385","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-7907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266839","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00042rr39","country_code":"AE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266839"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir H. Hamrahian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405266839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amr Mohamed Salaheldin Abdelhamid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Mohamed Salaheldin Abdelhamid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","Al Hendawy Medical Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al Hendawy Medical Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003544129","display_name":"Annamaria Colao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-266X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-266X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-2559"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annamaria Colao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046332697","display_name":"Elie Anastasiades","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168913471","display_name":"University of Balamand","ror":"https://ror.org/01xvwxv41","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168913471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803082546","display_name":"Saint George Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04bagh120","country_code":"LB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803082546"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elie Anastasiades","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon","St. George Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168913471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. George Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803082546"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Essam Moustafa Aboul Fetooh Ahmed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Essam Moustafa Aboul Fetooh Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hadi Hospital, Kuwait"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hadi Hospital, Kuwait","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018780529","display_name":"JIHAD EZEDDINE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160513","display_name":"Makassed General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05m4t4820","country_code":"LB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160513"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihad Ibrahim Ezzeddine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065878633","display_name":"Mahmoud Ibrahim Abd El Sattar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Ibrahim Abd El Sattar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al Rashid Hospital, Kuwait"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al Rashid Hospital, Kuwait","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033780263","display_name":"Suleiman Tawfiq Dabit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suleiman Tawfiq Dabit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al Khalidi Medical Center, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al Khalidi Medical Center, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022602789","display_name":"Wadih Ghanameh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123515","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Notre Dame des Secours","ror":"https://ror.org/0367ee363","country_code":"LB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123515"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wadih Ghanameh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Notre Dame de Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Notre Dame de Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089277827","display_name":"Navid Nedjatian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-9803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-9803"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180857899","display_name":"Pfizer (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Nedjatian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Department, Pfizer Gulf and Levant States, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Department, Pfizer Gulf and Levant States, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180857899"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108521301","display_name":"Faysal El\u2010Kak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98635879","display_name":"American University of Beirut","ror":"https://ror.org/04pznsd21","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98635879"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faysal El-Kak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98635879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108521301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98635879"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4605,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64379363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"137","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10832","display_name":"Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10832","display_name":"Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10960","display_name":"Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10748","display_name":"Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abnormal-uterine-bleeding","display_name":"abnormal uterine bleeding","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperprolactinemia","display_name":"hyperprolactinemia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prolactinoma","display_name":"prolactinoma","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-hyperprolactinemia","display_name":"idiopathic hyperprolactinemia","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pituitary-adenoma","display_name":"pituitary adenoma","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-agonists","display_name":"dopamine agonists","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menstrual-irregularities","display_name":"menstrual irregularity","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ovulatory-disorders","display_name":"ovulatory dysfunction","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-induced-hyperprolactinemia","display_name":"drug-induced hyperprolactinemia","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-diagnosis","display_name":"differential diagnosis","score":0.5809999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779064019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66590068","display_name":"Prolactin","level":3,"score":0.8691858053207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8121131062507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778918492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954831","display_name":"Prolactinoma","level":4,"score":0.6857042908668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46699223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11078","display_name":"Endocrine system","level":3,"score":0.5196953415870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5102853775024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779771394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12171","display_name":"Menstruation","level":2,"score":0.42707398533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776856834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413581","display_name":"Bromocriptine","level":4,"score":0.41906577348709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781449511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864296","display_name":"Pituitary tumors","level":2,"score":0.4106355905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.40634655952453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.26123499870300293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110569015300935/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133968747","display_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","issn_l":"1110-5690","issn":["1110-5690","2090-3251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:93b7b059c5314fb6841e1189013e20af","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/93b7b059c5314fb6841e1189013e20af","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal, Vol 21, Iss 3, Pp 137-147 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:86535","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/86535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.02.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110569015300935/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133968747","display_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","issn_l":"1110-5690","issn":["1110-5690","2090-3251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Middle East Fertility Society Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2298688684.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2298688684.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90648","https://openalex.org/W2559821","https://openalex.org/W54908001","https://openalex.org/W91271133","https://openalex.org/W1492985968","https://openalex.org/W1570830919","https://openalex.org/W1764161601","https://openalex.org/W1823571369","https://openalex.org/W1973153357","https://openalex.org/W1973783528","https://openalex.org/W1981109693","https://openalex.org/W1987031004","https://openalex.org/W2001678032","https://openalex.org/W2011140678","https://openalex.org/W2017283375","https://openalex.org/W2017792504","https://openalex.org/W2019055295","https://openalex.org/W2023952454","https://openalex.org/W2030364703","https://openalex.org/W2034571118","https://openalex.org/W2035449823","https://openalex.org/W2040423711","https://openalex.org/W2043322460","https://openalex.org/W2051694734","https://openalex.org/W2059785206","https://openalex.org/W2062130512","https://openalex.org/W2071445796","https://openalex.org/W2071492646","https://openalex.org/W2072537594","https://openalex.org/W2074310259","https://openalex.org/W2074699312","https://openalex.org/W2084214077","https://openalex.org/W2084815076","https://openalex.org/W2086375877","https://openalex.org/W2087562552","https://openalex.org/W2089428133","https://openalex.org/W2102492167","https://openalex.org/W2105204754","https://openalex.org/W2116305496","https://openalex.org/W2116964324","https://openalex.org/W2123986057","https://openalex.org/W2124137257","https://openalex.org/W2133542328","https://openalex.org/W2136138013","https://openalex.org/W2140392535","https://openalex.org/W2140407800","https://openalex.org/W2154895266","https://openalex.org/W2161513867","https://openalex.org/W2189430631","https://openalex.org/W2263426852","https://openalex.org/W2263521446","https://openalex.org/W2326723212","https://openalex.org/W2411433736","https://openalex.org/W2497214376","https://openalex.org/W4210291625","https://openalex.org/W4231956283","https://openalex.org/W4234519361","https://openalex.org/W4239656474","https://openalex.org/W4242454445","https://openalex.org/W4244507964","https://openalex.org/W4245947400","https://openalex.org/W4246737145","https://openalex.org/W4255829341","https://openalex.org/W6678711148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2263099367","https://openalex.org/W7220709420","https://openalex.org/W4396594760","https://openalex.org/W2045014687","https://openalex.org/W2165036339","https://openalex.org/W4406177233","https://openalex.org/W2529606960","https://openalex.org/W4281788846","https://openalex.org/W2792614309","https://openalex.org/W2437893206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abnormal":[0],"uterine":[1],"bleeding":[2],"may":[3,137,199],"be":[4,51,97,152,161,200],"acute":[5],"or":[6,46],"chronic":[7],"accounting":[8],"for":[9,122],"up":[10],"to":[11,16,37,62,72,85,90,189],"30%":[12],"of":[13,21,48,120,125,166,180,185,205,214,219,228],"outpatient":[14],"visits":[15],"gynecologists.":[17],"Hyperprolactinemia":[18],"is":[19,54,70,112,117,156],"one":[20],"the":[22,40,87,118,123,149,176,203,212,226],"most":[23,177],"common":[24,178],"endocrine":[25],"disorders":[26],"associated":[27],"with":[28,100,163],"ovulatory":[29],"dysfunction":[30],"that":[31,58,169,194],"results":[32,94],"in":[33,60,129,142,192,202,211,230],"menstrual":[34],"irregularities.":[35],"Prior":[36],"initiating":[38],"treatment,":[39],"various":[41],"causes":[42],"(physiologic,":[43],"pathologic,":[44],"pharmacologic,":[45],"idiopathic)":[47],"hyperprolactinemia":[49,198,235],"must":[50,95],"elucidated.":[52],"Prolactin":[53],"a":[55,101,109,139,164],"stress":[56],"hormone":[57],"increases":[59],"response":[61],"stressful":[63],"conditions;":[64],"therefore,":[65],"while":[66],"collecting":[67],"samples":[68],"it":[69,159],"necessary":[71],"reduce":[73],"venipuncture":[74],"stress.":[75],"A":[76],"thorough":[77],"patient":[78],"history":[79,104],"and":[80,89,105,127,133,210,232,244],"physical":[81],"examination":[82],"will":[83],"help":[84],"identify":[86],"cause":[88,138,172,179,218],"direct":[91],"therapy.":[92],"Imaging":[93],"always":[96],"assessed":[98],"along":[99],"patient\u2019s":[102],"clinical":[103],"biochemical":[106],"parameters":[107],"when":[108],"pituitary":[110,181],"tumor":[111],"suspected.":[113],"Magnetic":[114],"resonance":[115],"imaging":[116],"method":[119],"choice":[121],"diagnosis":[124],"microprolactinomas":[126],"macroprolactinomas":[128],"both":[130],"initial":[131],"assessment":[132],"follow-up.":[134],"Several":[135],"drugs":[136],"significant":[140,190],"increase":[141],"serum":[143,207,239],"prolactin":[144,193,208,221],"concentration.":[145],"If":[146],"clinically":[147],"feasible,":[148],"drug":[150,165],"should":[151,160],"discontinued;":[153],"if":[154],"this":[155],"not":[157,171],"possible,":[158],"substituted":[162],"similar":[167],"action":[168],"does":[170],"hyperprolactinemia.":[173],"Prolactinomas":[174],"are":[175,225],"adenomas":[182],"affecting":[183],"women":[184],"fertile":[186],"age":[187],"leading":[188],"elevations":[191],"warrant":[195],"treatment.":[196],"Idiopathic":[197],"observed":[201],"presence":[204],"elevated":[206],"levels":[209],"absence":[213],"any":[215],"other":[216],"recognized":[217],"increased":[220],"secretion.":[222],"Dopamine":[223],"agonists":[224],"mainstay":[227],"therapy":[229],"prolactinomas":[231,243],"symptomatic":[233],"idiopathic":[234],"because":[236],"they":[237],"normalize":[238,245],"prolactin,":[240],"effectively":[241],"shrink":[242],"gonadal":[246],"function":[247],"(i.e.":[248],"menstruation).":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
