{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2298475504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","title":"Appraising the Financial Sustainability of a Pension System with Signal Processing","display_name":"Appraising the Financial Sustainability of a Pension System with Signal Processing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2298475504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","mag":"2298475504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","pdf_url":"https://ojs.ual.es/ojs/index.php/eea/article/download/3134/3335","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209765","display_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","issn_l":"1133-3197","issn":["1133-3197","1697-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","latindex","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321140","host_organization_name":"University of Almer\u00eda","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321140"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Almer\u00eda"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ojs.ual.es/ojs/index.php/eea/article/download/3134/3335","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085918402","display_name":"Pierre Rostan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-0214","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-0214"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Rostan","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University in Cairo, School of Business, New Cairo 11835, Egypt. \r\nE-mail: prostan@aucegypt.edu","American University in Cairo, School of Business, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University in Cairo, School of Business, New Cairo 11835, Egypt. \r\nE-mail: prostan@aucegypt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University in Cairo, School of Business, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008981092","display_name":"Rachid Belhachemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-8424","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-8424"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachid Belhachemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Mathematical Sciences, Jiangsu, 215123, China. \r\nE-mail: rachid.belhachemi@xjtlu.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Mathematical Sciences, Jiangsu, 215123, China. \r\nE-mail: rachid.belhachemi@xjtlu.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044473178","display_name":"Alexandra Rostan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-1361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-1361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra Rostan","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University in Cairo, School of Business, New Cairo 11835, Egypt. \r\nE-mail: arostan@aucegypt.edu","American University in Cairo, School of Business, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University in Cairo, School of Business, New Cairo 11835, Egypt. \r\nE-mail: arostan@aucegypt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University in Cairo, School of Business, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6368,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90913366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"3","first_page":"801","last_page":"816"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-pension-system","display_name":"Spanish pension system","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-projections","display_name":"population projections","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-pyramid","display_name":"age pyramid","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burg-method","display_name":"Burg method","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-models","display_name":"autoregressive models","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"signal processing","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longevity","display_name":"longevity","score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-decline","display_name":"fertility decline","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prediction-error-filter","display_name":"prediction error filter","score":0.6790000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.5726170539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780899237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension","level":2,"score":0.5681392550468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5328387022018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5245513916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4950208067893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.43994542956352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24338571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566298","display_name":"Autoregressive integrated moving average","level":3,"score":0.42280787229537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.38949212431907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32166123390197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.29594123363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24386939406394958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2201748788356781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.1529882848262787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.11859709024429321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.09111517667770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","pdf_url":"https://ojs.ual.es/ojs/index.php/eea/article/download/3134/3335","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209765","display_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","issn_l":"1133-3197","issn":["1133-3197","1697-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","latindex","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321140","host_organization_name":"University of Almer\u00eda","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321140"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Almer\u00eda"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:ART0001447856","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=5312877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401293","display_name":"Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3032752892","host_organization_name":"Universidad Internacional de La Rioja","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3032752892"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Estudios de econom\u00eda aplicada, ISSN 1697-5731, Vol. 33, N\u00ba 3, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Sostenibilidad y Suficiencia de los Sistemas de Pensiones: Reparto vs. Capitalizaci\u00f3n), pags. 801-816","raw_type":"text (article)"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v33i3.3134","pdf_url":"https://ojs.ual.es/ojs/index.php/eea/article/download/3134/3335","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209765","display_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","issn_l":"1133-3197","issn":["1133-3197","1697-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","latindex","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321140","host_organization_name":"University of Almer\u00eda","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321140"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Almer\u00eda"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies of Applied Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2298475504.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2298475504.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W584180285","https://openalex.org/W643303594","https://openalex.org/W1496923911","https://openalex.org/W1547497732","https://openalex.org/W1587896874","https://openalex.org/W2004606368","https://openalex.org/W2009009684","https://openalex.org/W2035228659","https://openalex.org/W2057388222","https://openalex.org/W2066317317","https://openalex.org/W2073626348","https://openalex.org/W2085701445","https://openalex.org/W2104727905","https://openalex.org/W2107480595","https://openalex.org/W4229539396","https://openalex.org/W4229933927","https://openalex.org/W4230599523","https://openalex.org/W4231392546","https://openalex.org/W4238354054","https://openalex.org/W4239125772","https://openalex.org/W4241525052","https://openalex.org/W6667257199","https://openalex.org/W6677096361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2269704711","https://openalex.org/W2801926742","https://openalex.org/W2914721527","https://openalex.org/W7112972839","https://openalex.org/W4406903424","https://openalex.org/W7129043070","https://openalex.org/W2616826860","https://openalex.org/W7024096916","https://openalex.org/W7063035082","https://openalex.org/W2237718795"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"key":[1],"issue":[2],"of":[3,21,45,56,65,72,75],"the":[4,22,41,57,66,73,79,83,87,99,106,114,119,138,144],"Spanish":[5,23,43,67,139],"pension":[6,36,58],"system":[7],"is":[8],"its":[9],"financial":[10],"sustainability":[11],"in":[12],"regard":[13],"to":[14,98,117,137],"slumping":[15],"fertility":[16],"rate":[17],"and":[18,30,54,108,135],"rising":[19],"longevity":[20],"population.":[24],"The":[25,60],"paper":[26],"presents":[27],"a":[28,92],"versatile":[29],"robust":[31],"model":[32,61,84,97],"that":[33],"may":[34],"help":[35],"managers":[37],"gain":[38],"insight":[39,136],"into":[40],"future":[42],"pyramid":[44,74],"ages,":[46],"from":[47,78],"which":[48,90],"they":[49],"will":[50],"appraise":[51],"cash":[52],"inflows":[53],"outflows":[55],"system.":[59],"forecasts":[62],"ninety":[63],"years":[64],"population":[68,140],"for":[69],"each":[70],"cohort":[71],"ages.":[76],"Borrowed":[77],"signal":[80,101],"processing":[81],"discipline,":[82],"relies":[85],"on":[86],"Burg":[88],"method":[89],"fits":[91],"pth":[93],"order":[94],"autoregressive":[95],"(AR)":[96],"input":[100],"by":[102,143],"minimizing":[103],"(least":[104],"squares)":[105],"forward":[107],"backward":[109],"prediction":[110,128],"errors":[111],"while":[112],"constrai-ning":[113],"AR":[115],"parameters":[116],"satisfy":[118],"Levinson-Durbin":[120],"recursi\u00f3n,":[121],"then":[122],"uses":[123],"an":[124],"infinite":[125],"impulse":[126],"response":[127],"error":[129],"filter.":[130],"Results":[131],"add":[132],"better":[133],"perspective":[134],"projection":[141],"forecasted":[142],"United":[145],"Nations":[146],"Population":[147],"Division.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}