{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2296536787","doi":null,"title":"Effect of long-term triphasic oral contraceptive use on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion.","display_name":"Effect of long-term triphasic oral contraceptive use on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2296536787","mag":"2296536787","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2047050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2047050","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2047050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics and gynecology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048869869","display_name":"Marjorie Gillespy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Gillespy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climacteric Clinic, Inc., Gainesville, Florida"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climacteric Clinic, Inc., Gainesville, Florida","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047161553","display_name":"Morris Notelovitz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Notelovitz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062576976","display_name":"Ellingson Ab","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A B Ellingson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"F Y Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F Y Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3249,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84261368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"1","first_page":"108","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10390","display_name":"Ovarian function and disorders","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triphasic-oral-contraceptives","display_name":"triphasic oral contraceptives","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-tolerance","display_name":"glucose tolerance","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-secretion","display_name":"insulin secretion","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levonorgestrel","display_name":"levonorgestrel","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norethisterone","display_name":"norethisterone","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethinyl-estradiol","display_name":"ethinyl estradiol","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-dose-oral-contraceptives","display_name":"low-dose oral contraceptives","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-response","display_name":"insulin response","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-safety","display_name":"cardiovascular safety","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-contraceptive-use","display_name":"long-term contraceptive use","score":0.7900000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9416841864585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780186607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416950","display_name":"Levonorgestrel","level":5,"score":0.8317939043045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7470041513442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.7052868604660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7051975131034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017594758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q776862","display_name":"Insulin response","level":4,"score":0.4613040089607239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780833929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501412","display_name":"Glucose tolerance test","level":4,"score":0.4376472234725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.34562599658966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779076696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280670","display_name":"Family planning","level":4,"score":0.27521228790283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185698","display_name":"Research methodology","level":3,"score":0.19686058163642883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.16557583212852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020574416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275157","display_name":"Plasma glucose","level":3,"score":0.08830788731575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078790","descriptor_name":"Insulin Secretion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003277","descriptor_name":"Contraceptives, Oral, Combined","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003280","descriptor_name":"Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004338","descriptor_name":"Drug Combinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004997","descriptor_name":"Ethinyl Estradiol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005951","descriptor_name":"Glucose Tolerance Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008656","descriptor_name":"Mestranol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009640","descriptor_name":"Norethindrone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009644","descriptor_name":"Norgestrel","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019304","descriptor_name":"Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2047050","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2047050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics and gynecology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:2296536787","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2047050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080518351","https://openalex.org/W1844873185","https://openalex.org/W2046579276","https://openalex.org/W1994495403","https://openalex.org/W2053622868","https://openalex.org/W2283294369","https://openalex.org/W2042810189","https://openalex.org/W1986633803","https://openalex.org/W1821909726","https://openalex.org/W2043406095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"was":[2,110],"designed":[3],"to":[4,25],"compare":[5],"the":[6,80,106,112,115,130],"effects":[7],"of":[8,114,132],"two":[9],"low-dose":[10,133],"triphasic":[11,134],"oral":[12,61],"contraceptives":[13],"(OCs)":[14],"on":[15],"glucose":[16,62,83],"tolerance":[17,45],"and":[18,31,46,53,56,72,92,128],"insulin":[19,47,86,108],"secretion.":[20],"Fifty-seven":[21],"women":[22],"were":[23,49],"randomized":[24],"receive":[26],"OCs":[27],"containing":[28],"ethinyl":[29],"estradiol":[30],"either":[32],"levonorgestrel":[33],"or":[34],"norethindrone.":[35],"Ten":[36],"subjects":[37],"using":[38],"nonhormonal":[39],"contraception":[40],"served":[41],"as":[42],"controls.":[43],"Glucose":[44],"secretion":[48],"measured":[50,88],"at":[51,54,70],"baseline":[52],"6":[55,71],"12":[57,73,99],"months":[58,74,100],"after":[59],"an":[60],"stimulus.":[63],"Both":[64],"preparations":[65],"produced":[66],"a":[67],"relative":[68],"hyperglycemia":[69],"compared":[75],"with":[76,125],"baseline,":[77],"but":[78,105],"within":[79,111],"norms":[81],"for":[82],"tolerance.":[84],"The":[85],"response,":[87],"in":[89,101],"48":[90],"treated":[91,103],"eight":[93],"control":[94],"subjects,":[95],"also":[96],"increased":[97],"over":[98],"both":[102],"groups,":[104],"total":[107],"area":[109],"range":[113],"reference":[116],"laboratory.":[117],"Such":[118],"minor":[119],"changes":[120],"have":[121],"not":[122],"been":[123],"associated":[124],"cardiovascular":[126],"diseases":[127],"support":[129],"safety":[131],"preparations.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
