{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294635730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","title":"Path invariants","display_name":"Path invariants","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294635730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","mag":"2294635730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1250734.1250769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917474","display_name":"ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)","issn_l":"1531-7102","issn":["1531-7102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/179717","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071340047","display_name":"Dirk Beyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-7662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-7662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Beyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080555605","display_name":"Thomas A. Henzinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2985-7724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2985-7724"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas A. Henzinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081010207","display_name":"Rupak Majumdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-0542","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-0542"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rupak Majumdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044737952","display_name":"Andrey Rybalchenko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Rybalchenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL and MPI, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL and MPI, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9821,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":144,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98399063,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"300","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.46630001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.46630001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.444599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.08479999750852585,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-counterexamples","display_name":"spurious counterexamples","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-program","display_name":"PATH program","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-quantification","display_name":"universal quantification","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disjunctive-reasoning","display_name":"disjunctive reasoning","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-verification","display_name":"software verification","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-abstraction","display_name":"program abstraction","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779907942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239630","display_name":"Predicate abstraction","level":3,"score":0.8986120820045471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7785988450050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140146324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144319","display_name":"Predicate (mathematical logic)","level":2,"score":0.6848282814025879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780654840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333341","display_name":"Abstract interpretation","level":2,"score":0.6170955896377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6129467487335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98183937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112188","display_name":"Program analysis","level":2,"score":0.5964071750640869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5674277544021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5312055945396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162838799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q596077","display_name":"Counterexample","level":2,"score":0.5184711813926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.49675828218460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61114434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144649","display_name":"Path expression","level":3,"score":0.463931143283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.442763090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44074004888534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27458966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187693","display_name":"Control flow graph","level":2,"score":0.4338940978050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4048120975494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.3406603932380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14269572496414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.10590463876724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.09888774156570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1250734.1250769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1250734.1250769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393917474","display_name":"ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)","issn_l":"1531-7102","issn":["1531-7102"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:356629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/356629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ferrante, Jeanne; McKinley, Kathryn S.: PLDI'07 : Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, ACM, 300-309 (2007)","raw_type":"Conference-Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:179717","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/179717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_1328016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-000F-2047-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLDI'07 : Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:179717","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/179717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120333500","https://openalex.org/W153567890","https://openalex.org/W193346698","https://openalex.org/W1492249171","https://openalex.org/W1497571013","https://openalex.org/W1503701626","https://openalex.org/W1507199453","https://openalex.org/W1511737804","https://openalex.org/W1515906028","https://openalex.org/W1517320587","https://openalex.org/W1531054827","https://openalex.org/W1533964197","https://openalex.org/W1536007121","https://openalex.org/W1558061996","https://openalex.org/W1563374593","https://openalex.org/W1565898282","https://openalex.org/W1568478782","https://openalex.org/W1570919259","https://openalex.org/W1586790674","https://openalex.org/W1589297860","https://openalex.org/W1596431623","https://openalex.org/W1608799719","https://openalex.org/W1711276981","https://openalex.org/W1968898611","https://openalex.org/W1972085995","https://openalex.org/W1991837261","https://openalex.org/W1993836075","https://openalex.org/W2031373197","https://openalex.org/W2043100293","https://openalex.org/W2060697066","https://openalex.org/W2069300761","https://openalex.org/W2082000355","https://openalex.org/W2098045685","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2132661148","https://openalex.org/W2136333450","https://openalex.org/W2140856295","https://openalex.org/W2150790030","https://openalex.org/W2151463894","https://openalex.org/W2156590219","https://openalex.org/W2158395308","https://openalex.org/W2170736936","https://openalex.org/W2295349525","https://openalex.org/W2295903414","https://openalex.org/W2984886860","https://openalex.org/W2987907651","https://openalex.org/W3100198463","https://openalex.org/W3146075203","https://openalex.org/W3158747708","https://openalex.org/W4212792638","https://openalex.org/W4232671690","https://openalex.org/W4250347244","https://openalex.org/W4251912342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095125974","https://openalex.org/W965249238","https://openalex.org/W7096787362","https://openalex.org/W2522501807","https://openalex.org/W7098653192","https://openalex.org/W1985678833","https://openalex.org/W2750327884","https://openalex.org/W1841626152","https://openalex.org/W194093972","https://openalex.org/W3019119050"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"success":[1],"of":[2,14,30,40,68,82,117,144],"software":[3],"verification":[4],"depends":[5],"on":[6,122],"the":[7,38,52,66,83,114,131],"ability":[8],"to":[9,58,100,120,130,140,159],"find":[10],"a":[11,15,20,41,69,76,80,165,181],"suitable":[12],"abstraction":[13,24,53,108,155],"program":[16,85,118],"automatically.":[17],"We":[18],"propose":[19],"method":[21,190],"for":[22,107,154],"automated":[23],"refinement":[25,156],"which":[26,125],"overcomes":[27],"some":[28],"limitations":[29],"current":[31,36],"predicate":[32,186],"discovery":[33,187],"schemes.":[34],"In":[35],"schemes,":[37,188],"cause":[39,67],"false":[42,70],"alarm":[43,71],"is":[44,54],"identified":[45],"as":[46,75,105],"an":[47],"infeasible":[48,174],"error":[49,175],"path,":[50],"and":[51,92,203],"refined":[55],"in":[56,157],"order":[57,158],"remove":[59,160],"that":[60,177,199],"path.":[61],"By":[62],"contrast,":[63],"we":[64,111,135,150],"view":[65],"-the":[72],"spurious":[73],"counterexample-":[74],"full-fledged":[77],"program,":[78],"namely,":[79],"fragment":[81],"original":[84,132],"whose":[86],"control-flow":[87],"graph":[88],"may":[89],"contain":[90],"loops":[91,192],"represent":[93],"unbounded":[94],"computations.":[95],"There":[96],"are":[97,126,178],"two":[98],"advantages":[99],"using":[101],"such":[102],"path":[103,123,145,147,152,182],"programs":[104],"counterexamples":[106],"refinement.":[109],"First,":[110],"can":[112],"bring":[113],"whole":[115],"machinery":[116],"analysis":[119],"bear":[121],"programs,":[124],"typically":[127],"small":[128],"compared":[129],"program.":[133,183],"Specifically,":[134],"use":[136,151],"constraint-based":[137],"invariant":[138],"generation":[139],"automatically":[141],"infer":[142],"invariants":[143,153],"programs-so-called":[146],"invariants.":[148],"Second,":[149],"not":[161],"one":[162],"infeasibility":[163],"at":[164,168],"time,":[166],"but":[167],"once":[169],"all":[170],"(possibly":[171],"infinitely":[172],"many)":[173],"computations":[176],"represented":[179],"by":[180],"Unlike":[184],"previous":[185],"our":[189],"handles":[191],"without":[193],"unrolling":[194],"them;":[195],"it":[196],"infers":[197],"abstractions":[198],"involve":[200],"universal":[201],"quantification":[202],"naturally":[204],"incorporates":[205],"disjunctive":[206],"reasoning.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}