{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2292183469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","title":"Free Riding in Retail Stores: An Investigation of Its Perceived Prevalence and Costs","display_name":"Free Riding in Retail Stores: An Investigation of Its Perceived Prevalence and Costs","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2292183469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","mag":"2292183469"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468459","display_name":"The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice","issn_l":"1069-6679","issn":["1069-6679","1944-7175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067146578","display_name":"Rodger B. Singley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47301684","display_name":"Illinois State University","ror":"https://ror.org/050kcr883","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodger B. Singley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102873154","display_name":"Michael Ray Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-8966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-8966"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47301684","display_name":"Illinois State University","ror":"https://ror.org/050kcr883","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47301684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38323612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"64","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9042999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9042999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.08429999649524689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-riding","display_name":"free-riding","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-managers","display_name":"retail managers","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-behavior","display_name":"consumer behavior","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85510643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500284","display_name":"Free riding","level":3,"score":0.8410240411758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7436795234680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.6558954119682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5983619093894958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.5934270620346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.5677170753479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.414857417345047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16377949714660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0960114598274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0741768479347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1995.11501685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42468459","display_name":"The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice","issn_l":"1069-6679","issn":["1069-6679","1944-7175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963983878","https://openalex.org/W1997541149","https://openalex.org/W2003226331","https://openalex.org/W2087545895","https://openalex.org/W2318798535","https://openalex.org/W2330385177","https://openalex.org/W2798413600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056325190","https://openalex.org/W4239820498","https://openalex.org/W2139571429","https://openalex.org/W3123122605","https://openalex.org/W2899617511","https://openalex.org/W2019260176","https://openalex.org/W2034779662","https://openalex.org/W2896503272","https://openalex.org/W3128214389","https://openalex.org/W3125346876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"incidence":[1],"of":[2,41,54,62,76,83,92],"free":[3,36,85,93,112],"riding,":[4],"where":[5],"customers":[6],"use":[7],"information":[8],"and":[9,52,101,118],"services":[10],"from":[11,21,66],"a":[12,70],"full-service":[13,30,55,123],"retail":[14,98],"store":[15,63,99],"to":[16,47,59,80,116],"allow":[17],"for":[18,28],"later":[19],"purchase":[20],"limited-service":[22],"stores,":[23],"presents":[24],"many":[25],"potential":[26,46],"problems":[27],"the":[29,33,45,50,60,74,81,90,108],"retailer.":[31],"To":[32],"extent":[34],"that":[35],"riding":[37,94,113],"occurs,":[38],"this":[39,67],"form":[40],"consumer":[42,84],"behavior":[43],"has":[44],"reduce":[48],"both":[49],"productivity":[51,75],"profits":[53],"retailers.":[56,124],"In":[57],"addition":[58],"loss":[61],"revenues,":[64],"evidence":[65],"study":[68],"supports":[69],"negative":[71],"influence":[72],"on":[73,122],"sales":[77],"personnel":[78],"due":[79],"impact":[82,121],"riding.":[86],"This":[87],"manuscript":[88],"explores":[89],"prevalence":[91],"as":[95],"perceived":[96,115,120],"by":[97,110],"managers":[100],"salespeople.":[102],"Further":[103],"detail":[104],"is":[105,114],"presented":[106],"concerning":[107],"means":[109],"which":[111],"occur":[117],"its":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
