{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2291898978","doi":null,"title":"Labor Specialization and the Impact of International Trade on the Skill Premium","display_name":"Labor Specialization and the Impact of International Trade on the Skill Premium","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2291898978","mag":"2291898978"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2291898978","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://gsme.sharif.edu/~madanizadeh/Files/Specialization_2014.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://gsme.sharif.edu/~madanizadeh/Files/Specialization_2014.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012215692","display_name":"Madani Zadeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133529467","display_name":"Sharif University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/024c2fq17","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madani Zadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharif Univ. of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharif Univ. of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133529467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109216025","display_name":"Seyed Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-premium","display_name":"skill premium","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"international trade","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-liberalization","display_name":"trade liberalization","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division-of-labor","display_name":"division of labor","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-organization","display_name":"business organization","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-skilled-workers","display_name":"high-skilled workers","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-intensity","display_name":"skill intensity","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exporting-firms","display_name":"exporters","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-costs","display_name":"trade costs","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mexican-economy","display_name":"Mexican economy","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-equilibrium-model","display_name":"general equilibrium model","score":0.5239999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6378112435340881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.519367516040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103382277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282640","display_name":"General equilibrium theory","level":2,"score":0.4786840081214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66887028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382444","display_name":"Marginal cost","level":2,"score":0.46760693192481995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4504129886627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182769425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377302","display_name":"Trade barrier","level":2,"score":0.43770354986190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.3763289749622345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.3542674779891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.22325599193572998}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2291898978","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://gsme.sharif.edu/~madanizadeh/Files/Specialization_2014.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2291898978","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://gsme.sharif.edu/~madanizadeh/Files/Specialization_2014.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":140,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W233209460","https://openalex.org/W1484772071","https://openalex.org/W1495444834","https://openalex.org/W1495635763","https://openalex.org/W1496925680","https://openalex.org/W1501845486","https://openalex.org/W1509707534","https://openalex.org/W1519290939","https://openalex.org/W1519675478","https://openalex.org/W1532828163","https://openalex.org/W1534259997","https://openalex.org/W1551712742","https://openalex.org/W1558010543","https://openalex.org/W1560893994","https://openalex.org/W1567529168","https://openalex.org/W1571176020","https://openalex.org/W1580073073","https://openalex.org/W1580969306","https://openalex.org/W1583672427","https://openalex.org/W1585182641","https://openalex.org/W1588921073","https://openalex.org/W1606177214","https://openalex.org/W1760891160","https://openalex.org/W1775776817","https://openalex.org/W1810621249","https://openalex.org/W1839906274","https://openalex.org/W1885183402","https://openalex.org/W1941654414","https://openalex.org/W1967014080","https://openalex.org/W1969652086","https://openalex.org/W1970764662","https://openalex.org/W1971310904","https://openalex.org/W1973030734","https://openalex.org/W1973729110","https://openalex.org/W1976681950","https://openalex.org/W1978573205","https://openalex.org/W1981310049","https://openalex.org/W1985063929","https://openalex.org/W1990199094","https://openalex.org/W1990320303","https://openalex.org/W1992224757","https://openalex.org/W1993302914","https://openalex.org/W2000989228","https://openalex.org/W2010327304","https://openalex.org/W2017299421","https://openalex.org/W2017313155","https://openalex.org/W2018082618","https://openalex.org/W2018278163","https://openalex.org/W2023235317","https://openalex.org/W2027294526","https://openalex.org/W2028546050","https://openalex.org/W2031485386","https://openalex.org/W2038477056","https://openalex.org/W2046907175","https://openalex.org/W2062971317","https://openalex.org/W2063571331","https://openalex.org/W2064589480","https://openalex.org/W2065070706","https://openalex.org/W2069107114","https://openalex.org/W2070614173","https://openalex.org/W2074721610","https://openalex.org/W2080171922","https://openalex.org/W2080366629","https://openalex.org/W2086119538","https://openalex.org/W2096302870","https://openalex.org/W2096594321","https://openalex.org/W2098911732","https://openalex.org/W2099167504","https://openalex.org/W2100933295","https://openalex.org/W2102938938","https://openalex.org/W2103468194","https://openalex.org/W2106022734","https://openalex.org/W2106759695","https://openalex.org/W2107497267","https://openalex.org/W2119237697","https://openalex.org/W2122041456","https://openalex.org/W2122525471","https://openalex.org/W2124933622","https://openalex.org/W2129953141","https://openalex.org/W2130204341","https://openalex.org/W2130581025","https://openalex.org/W2130606857","https://openalex.org/W2131663099","https://openalex.org/W2133055958","https://openalex.org/W2134499434","https://openalex.org/W2135296617","https://openalex.org/W2137406320","https://openalex.org/W2138992063","https://openalex.org/W2140427482","https://openalex.org/W2145010983","https://openalex.org/W2145283588","https://openalex.org/W2150140256","https://openalex.org/W2152065848","https://openalex.org/W2153384069","https://openalex.org/W2155707447","https://openalex.org/W2163005714","https://openalex.org/W2166402013","https://openalex.org/W2168054555","https://openalex.org/W2169790619","https://openalex.org/W2171223761","https://openalex.org/W2207093475","https://openalex.org/W2237025343","https://openalex.org/W2305637050","https://openalex.org/W2317068272","https://openalex.org/W2799640252","https://openalex.org/W2889547665","https://openalex.org/W2890508214","https://openalex.org/W2890991362","https://openalex.org/W2891859524","https://openalex.org/W2892183527","https://openalex.org/W2892341412","https://openalex.org/W3021845980","https://openalex.org/W3023875755","https://openalex.org/W3023877969","https://openalex.org/W3121172434","https://openalex.org/W3121490733","https://openalex.org/W3121691450","https://openalex.org/W3121849838","https://openalex.org/W3122237475","https://openalex.org/W3122471154","https://openalex.org/W3122973584","https://openalex.org/W3123094473","https://openalex.org/W3123246357","https://openalex.org/W3123299958","https://openalex.org/W3123539554","https://openalex.org/W3123794974","https://openalex.org/W3124443995","https://openalex.org/W3124610196","https://openalex.org/W3124720144","https://openalex.org/W3124796732","https://openalex.org/W3124933251","https://openalex.org/W3125034490","https://openalex.org/W3125050159","https://openalex.org/W3125150867","https://openalex.org/W3125179269","https://openalex.org/W3125387544","https://openalex.org/W3125517925","https://openalex.org/W3125869659","https://openalex.org/W3145131068","https://openalex.org/W4206141076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2753381660","https://openalex.org/W3179035299","https://openalex.org/W2751149542","https://openalex.org/W2585521926","https://openalex.org/W1492694029","https://openalex.org/W7096586489","https://openalex.org/W2136236504","https://openalex.org/W2164070103","https://openalex.org/W7028302269","https://openalex.org/W847329937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"is":[2],"concerned":[3],"about":[4],"addressing":[5],"a":[6,39,89,130],"question":[7,45],"that":[8],"has":[9],"become":[10],"critical":[11],"in":[12,26,65,129,146,150],"international":[13,30],"trade,":[14],"during":[15],"the":[16,23,47,126,144,147,151],"past":[17],"three":[18],"decades:":[19],"What":[20],"factors":[21],"explain":[22],"worldwide":[24],"increase":[25],"skill":[27,123,127,148],"premiums":[28],"following":[29],"trade":[31,61,82],"integration":[32],"and":[33,52,78,105,125],"increasingly":[34],"globalized":[35],"economies?":[36],"I":[37,58,112,135],"propose":[38],"new":[40,85],"theory":[41],"to":[42,87,100,106,139,142],"address":[43],"this":[44,56,137],"through":[46],"lens":[48],"of":[49,67,92,153],"firm":[50],"organization":[51],"labor":[53,93],"specialization.":[54],"In":[55],"model,":[57],"show":[59],"how":[60,115],"liberalization":[62],"will":[63],"result":[64],"reallocation":[66],"high":[68],"skilled":[69],"workers":[70],"within":[71,95],"an":[72],"industry":[73],"towards":[74],"more":[75,109],"productive":[76],"firms":[77],"exporters.":[79],"Specifically,":[80],"reducing":[81],"costs":[83],"induces":[84],"exporters":[86],"choose":[88],"higher":[90],"degree":[91],"specialization":[94],"high-skilled":[96],"or":[97],"low-skilled":[98],"workers,":[99],"reduce":[101],"their":[102],"marginal":[103],"costs,":[104],"evolve":[107],"into":[108],"skill-intensive":[110],"entities.":[111],"further":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"these":[116],"internal":[117],"organizational":[118],"changes":[119],"directly":[120],"affect":[121],"aggregate":[122],"intensity":[124],"premium":[128,149],"general":[131],"equilibrium":[132],"setting.":[133],"Lastly,":[134],"calibrate":[136],"model":[138],"Mexican":[140],"data":[141],"quantify":[143],"rise":[145],"period":[152],"1985-1993.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
