{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2291127792","doi":null,"title":"Recognition Denied: An Examination of UK and US Foreign Policy towards the Republic of Croatia","display_name":"Recognition Denied: An Examination of UK and US Foreign Policy towards the Republic of Croatia","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2291127792","mag":"2291127792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/4593","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401509","display_name":"UVic\u2019s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031932360","display_name":"Maria Christina Ljubic","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Christina Ljubic","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031932360"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.6934000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.6934000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12437","display_name":"Balkans: History, Politics, Society","score":0.2078000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13993","display_name":"Historical Geopolitical and Social Dynamics","score":0.0215000007301569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recognition-of-statehood","display_name":"recognition of statehood","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/croatian-independence","display_name":"Croatian independence","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yugoslavia","display_name":"Yugoslavia","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-foreign-policy","display_name":"British foreign policy","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-foreign-policy","display_name":"US foreign policy","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/george-h-w-bush-administration","display_name":"George H. W. Bush administration","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realism","display_name":"realism","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructivism","display_name":"constructivism","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-recognition","display_name":"non-recognition","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights","display_name":"human rights","score":0.9300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6341783404350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133281099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783023","display_name":"Constructivism (international relations)","level":4,"score":0.5588541626930237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.551920473575592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5122012495994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5029041171073914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34355311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166542","display_name":"International relations","level":3,"score":0.4977422058582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778607876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464916","display_name":"Declaration of independence","level":3,"score":0.49683716893196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776324910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526594","display_name":"Territorial integrity","level":4,"score":0.4890028238296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543847140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642826","display_name":"Realism","level":2,"score":0.48526236414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47431468963623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.46611645817756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.4510086476802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4306173026561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4073895812034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.13883602619171143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186229450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42008","display_name":"Sovereignty","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/4593","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401509","display_name":"UVic\u2019s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2291127792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/4593/Ljubic_Maria%20Christina_MA_2013.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/4593","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4593","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401509","display_name":"UVic\u2019s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I212119943","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212119943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8934000134468079}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2291127792.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2291127792.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145703609","https://openalex.org/W228723970","https://openalex.org/W239923453","https://openalex.org/W407628957","https://openalex.org/W437877368","https://openalex.org/W560257514","https://openalex.org/W561535733","https://openalex.org/W561954121","https://openalex.org/W567022572","https://openalex.org/W571868576","https://openalex.org/W577932078","https://openalex.org/W580642190","https://openalex.org/W594028123","https://openalex.org/W596184363","https://openalex.org/W608248704","https://openalex.org/W613109751","https://openalex.org/W616614970","https://openalex.org/W626439965","https://openalex.org/W1484647988","https://openalex.org/W1488916691","https://openalex.org/W1492607835","https://openalex.org/W1499687183","https://openalex.org/W1499821187","https://openalex.org/W1510938346","https://openalex.org/W1556842312","https://openalex.org/W1561204362","https://openalex.org/W1561548363","https://openalex.org/W1590048629","https://openalex.org/W1601407093","https://openalex.org/W1602311576","https://openalex.org/W1603160637","https://openalex.org/W1605282139","https://openalex.org/W1848417678","https://openalex.org/W1963729501","https://openalex.org/W1968942060","https://openalex.org/W1970765999","https://openalex.org/W1978918752","https://openalex.org/W1980836678","https://openalex.org/W1985665778","https://openalex.org/W1987195283","https://openalex.org/W1991875619","https://openalex.org/W1993056603","https://openalex.org/W1996288398","https://openalex.org/W1996931583","https://openalex.org/W2012707033","https://openalex.org/W2013542879","https://openalex.org/W2018630012","https://openalex.org/W2022684055","https://openalex.org/W2024875620","https://openalex.org/W2027802765","https://openalex.org/W2029251433","https://openalex.org/W2031549070","https://openalex.org/W2035874445","https://openalex.org/W2039857258","https://openalex.org/W2041329734","https://openalex.org/W2044191044","https://openalex.org/W2053545572","https://openalex.org/W2061335288","https://openalex.org/W2065203401","https://openalex.org/W2068136796","https://openalex.org/W2082770576","https://openalex.org/W2086570032","https://openalex.org/W2093721463","https://openalex.org/W2094585520","https://openalex.org/W2097001800","https://openalex.org/W2097155323","https://openalex.org/W2100257443","https://openalex.org/W2103962394","https://openalex.org/W2107566086","https://openalex.org/W2109627869","https://openalex.org/W2115678934","https://openalex.org/W2130268952","https://openalex.org/W2131158433","https://openalex.org/W2142790753","https://openalex.org/W2150515448","https://openalex.org/W2150518915","https://openalex.org/W2151808187","https://openalex.org/W2162034004","https://openalex.org/W2162650735","https://openalex.org/W2163713221","https://openalex.org/W2185665878","https://openalex.org/W2196532962","https://openalex.org/W2236939091","https://openalex.org/W2253370753","https://openalex.org/W2293023300","https://openalex.org/W2312412562","https://openalex.org/W2492789270","https://openalex.org/W2515436758","https://openalex.org/W2559792393","https://openalex.org/W2560854584","https://openalex.org/W2585428766","https://openalex.org/W2603330328","https://openalex.org/W2738380081","https://openalex.org/W2756443240","https://openalex.org/W2768591819","https://openalex.org/W2799628676","https://openalex.org/W2801147341","https://openalex.org/W3126063776","https://openalex.org/W4248431636","https://openalex.org/W4285749659","https://openalex.org/W6920759669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6991285930","https://openalex.org/W2467639122","https://openalex.org/W4413019321","https://openalex.org/W7166405554","https://openalex.org/W3048367514","https://openalex.org/W2196532962","https://openalex.org/W7135596045","https://openalex.org/W2594402731","https://openalex.org/W2808585208","https://openalex.org/W7043845161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"thesis":[1,96,167],"examines":[2],"the":[3,12,16,32,36,42,48,69,80,111,129,140,171,181,186,189,195],"development":[4],"of":[5,24,47,122,131,139,151,173,185,194,207],"decision":[6],"making":[7],"taken":[8],"by":[9,41],"two":[10],"countries,":[11],"United":[13,17,49,52,196],"Kingdom":[14,50],"and":[15,35,38,45,51,60,91,149,154,176,188],"States,":[18],"in":[19],"response":[20],"to":[21,54,127,145,163,201],"Croatia\u2019s":[22,123],"declaration":[23],"independence":[25,124],"from":[26,68],"Yugoslavia.":[27],"The":[28,62,95,137,166],"focus":[29],"is":[30,64,144],"on":[31,66,160],"recognition":[33,121],"process":[34],"reasoning":[37],"rationale":[39],"used":[40],"government":[43,184],"officials":[44],"diplomats":[46],"States":[53,197],"arrive":[55],"at":[56],"their":[57,120,161],"policy":[58],"decisions":[59],"opinions.":[61],"concentration":[63],"mainly":[65],"events":[67,153],"early":[70],"1990s":[71],"until":[72],"mid":[73],"1992.":[74],"Topics":[75],"explored":[76],"include":[77],"matters":[78],"such":[79],"politics":[81],"behind":[82],"non-recognition,":[83],"democratic":[84],"social":[85],"norms,":[86],"respect":[87],"for":[88],"human":[89],"rights":[90],"Western":[92],"national":[93],"interests.":[94],"first":[97],"hypothesizes,":[98],"then":[99],"analyses,":[100],"which":[101],"International":[102,141],"Relations":[103,142],"theory,":[104],"that":[105,169,179],"is,":[106],"realism":[107],"or":[108],"constructivism,":[109],"possesses":[110],"best":[112],"capacity":[113],"explain":[114],"why":[115],"these":[116,152],"nations":[117],"initially":[118],"withheld":[119],"before":[125],"moving":[126],"accept":[128],"Republic":[130],"Croatia":[132],"as":[133],"an":[134,147],"independent":[135],"state.":[136],"role":[138],"theories":[143],"offer":[146],"interpretation":[148],"understanding":[150],"decisions.":[155],"Subsequently,":[156],"they":[157],"are":[158],"judged":[159],"ability":[162],"do":[164],"so.":[165],"finds":[168],"via":[170],"insight":[172],"scholars,":[174],"analysts":[175],"theoretical":[177],"perspectives":[178],"both":[180],"John":[182],"Major":[183],"UK":[187],"George":[190],"H.W.":[191],"Bush":[192],"Administration":[193],"behaved":[198],"mostly":[199],"according":[200],"realist":[202],"principles,":[203],"with":[204],"some":[205],"instances":[206],"constructivist":[208],"manner.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}