{"id":"https://openalex.org/W229092","doi":null,"title":"Bubble Trees and Syntactic Representations","display_name":"Bubble Trees and Syntactic Representations","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W229092","mag":"229092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.23.7125","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.23.7125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.linguist.jussieu.fr/~skahane/MOL-bubble.ps","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024711463","display_name":"Sylvain Kahane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-8128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-8128"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Kahane","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024711463"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91922232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.028200000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-representation","display_name":"syntactic representation","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependence-structure","display_name":"dependence structure","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-models","display_name":"syntactic models","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-structure","display_name":"tree structure","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-linguistics","display_name":"mathematical linguistics","score":0.38100001215934753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.7023366689682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6271868944168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5456314086914062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5115805268287659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4995582103729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4891062378883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4877827763557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4604429006576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.45945483446121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3381972908973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08435672521591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0679505467414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.23.7125","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.23.7125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.linguist.jussieu.fr/~skahane/MOL-bubble.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.52.2301","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.52.2301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dfki.de/events/mol/papers/kahane.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121024404","https://openalex.org/W1968347265","https://openalex.org/W2068602529","https://openalex.org/W2076542142","https://openalex.org/W2318908254","https://openalex.org/W2740253192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970474682","https://openalex.org/W1973898388","https://openalex.org/W4256451457","https://openalex.org/W7223068058","https://openalex.org/W2728167716","https://openalex.org/W1991373737","https://openalex.org/W2119439969","https://openalex.org/W1481260321","https://openalex.org/W4249511081","https://openalex.org/W4408016986"],"abstract_inverted_index":{".":[0],"A":[1],"new":[2],"mathematical":[3,144],"object,":[4],"the":[5,13,23,31,45,52,93,107,114],"bubble":[6,34,115,118],"tree,":[7],"is":[8,51,151],"introduced":[9],"and":[10,27,101,135],"applied":[11],"to":[12,36,67,132],"syntactic":[14,39,98],"representation":[15],"of":[16,25,33,44,54,69,97,109,142],"sentences.":[17],"Two":[18],"themes":[19],"are":[20,120,124],"explored:":[21],"first,":[22],"comparison":[24],"dependency":[26,100],"constituency":[28],"models;":[29],"second,":[30],"application":[32],"trees":[35,119,121],"a":[37,55,110],"particular":[38],"model.":[40],"1.":[41],"Introduction":[42],"One":[43],"major":[46],"issues":[47],"in":[48,127],"modern":[49],"linguistics":[50],"lack":[53],"common":[56,111],"language":[57],"among":[58],"linguists":[59],"(as":[60],"opposed":[61],"to,":[62],"say,":[63],"mathematics),":[64],"which":[65,126],"leads":[66],"problems":[68],"finding":[70],"correspondences":[71],"between":[72],"different":[73],"idiolects.":[74],"In":[75,90],"particular,":[76],"two":[77,94],"differents":[78],"models":[79,96],"can":[80],"hide":[81],"more":[82],"similarities":[83],"than":[84],"it":[85],"appears":[86],"at":[87],"first":[88],"sight.":[89],"Section":[91],"4,":[92],"main":[95],"representation,":[99],"constituency,":[102],"will":[103],"be":[104],"compared":[105],"with":[106],"support":[108],"representational":[112],"device,":[113],"tree.":[116],"Intuitively,":[117],"whose":[122],"nodes":[123],"bubbles":[125,134],"turn":[128],"contain":[129],"sub-bubbles":[130],"linked":[131],"other":[133],"so":[136],"on.":[137],"The":[138],"only":[139],"formal":[140],"study":[141],"such":[143],"structures,":[145],"as":[146,148],"far":[147],"I":[149],"know,":[150],"by":[152],"Gladkij":[153],"196...":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}