{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2290135951","doi":null,"title":"Small-scale farmers, certification schemes and private standards: is there a business case? : costs and benefits of certification and verification systems for small-scale producers in cocoa, coffee, cotton, fruit and vegetable sectors","display_name":"Small-scale farmers, certification schemes and private standards: is there a business case? : costs and benefits of certification and verification systems for small-scale producers in cocoa, coffee, cotton, fruit and vegetable sectors","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2290135951","mag":"2290135951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/486049","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/small-scale-farmers-certification-schemes-and-private-standards-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201231","display_name":"Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling","issn_l":"2663-3027","issn":["2663-3027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"External research report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/small-scale-farmers-certification-schemes-and-private-standards-i","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032627827","display_name":"Martijn Kuit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Kuit","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074162198","display_name":"Y.R. Waarts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8629-1010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8629-1010"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.R. Waarts","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8629-1010","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11066","display_name":"Organic Food and Agriculture","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12896","display_name":"Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-certification","display_name":"agricultural certification","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-standards","display_name":"private standards","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallholder-farmers","display_name":"smallholder farmers","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification-costs-and-benefits","display_name":"certification costs and benefits","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verification-system","display_name":"verification system","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-agriculture","display_name":"sustainable agriculture","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theobroma-cacao","display_name":"Theobroma cacao","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coffee","display_name":"coffee","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton","display_name":"cotton","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruits-and-vegetables","display_name":"fruits and vegetables","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farmer-wellbeing","display_name":"farmer well-being","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-reduction","display_name":"poverty reduction","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acp-countries","display_name":"ACP countries","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.5600000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.8967354893684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7227896451950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.6145792603492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5567415356636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777481183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770787","display_name":"Market access","level":3,"score":0.5102598667144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.49585065245628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.4723302721977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.46052464842796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775831186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1746361","display_name":"Small farm","level":3,"score":0.45148664712905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.4269052743911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.42314887046813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.212786465883255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17034226655960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.16431021690368652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07910966873168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/486049","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/small-scale-farmers-certification-schemes-and-private-standards-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201231","display_name":"Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling","issn_l":"2663-3027","issn":["2663-3027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"External research report"},{"id":"pmh:wur:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/486049","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/small-scale-farmers-certification-schemes-and-private-standards-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"mag:2290135951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edepot.wur.nl/346048","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/486049","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/small-scale-farmers-certification-schemes-and-private-standards-i","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201231","display_name":"Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling","issn_l":"2663-3027","issn":["2663-3027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"External research report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"},{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618096805","https://openalex.org/W2200728748","https://openalex.org/W2590153719","https://openalex.org/W2811437666","https://openalex.org/W153559216","https://openalex.org/W1573095157","https://openalex.org/W6976631458","https://openalex.org/W2052940505","https://openalex.org/W2957741570","https://openalex.org/W2591381376"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Certification":[0],"of":[1,105,108,111],"agricultural":[2,15],"products":[3,58],"is":[4,10],"an":[5,28],"increasingly":[6,29],"common":[7],"tool":[8],"that":[9],"expected":[11],"to":[12,14,38,65],"contribute":[13],"improvement,":[16],"farmer":[17],"well-being,":[18],"poverty":[19],"alleviation,":[20],"reduced":[21],"environmental":[22],"impact":[23,110],"and":[24,34,42,45,56,73,86,91,120],"food":[25],"safety.":[26],"In":[27,49],"competitive":[30],"market,":[31],"processors,":[32],"manufacturers":[33],"retailers":[35],"use":[36],"certification":[37,112],"demonstrate":[39],"their":[40,47],"green":[41],"sustainable":[43,61],"credentials":[44],"differentiate":[46],"products.":[48],"some":[50],"commodity":[51],"sectors,":[52],"such":[53],"as":[54,60],"coffee":[55],"cocoa,":[57,117],"certified":[59],"are":[62],"on":[63,113],"track":[64],"reach":[66],"majority":[67],"market":[68],"share":[69],"in":[70,84,89,95,115],"important":[71],"producing":[72],"consuming":[74],"nations.":[75],"This":[76,97],"development":[77],"poses":[78],"a":[79,106],"major":[80],"challenge":[81],"for":[82],"farmers":[83,88,114],"general,":[85],"small-scale":[87],"ACP":[90],"other":[92],"developing":[93],"countries,":[94],"particular.":[96],"publication,":[98],"commissioned":[99],"by":[100],"CTA,":[101],"presents":[102],"the":[103,109],"findings":[104],"study":[107],"coffee,":[116],"cotton,":[118],"fruit":[119],"vegetables.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}