{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2289346261","doi":null,"title":"Microglia in normal condition and pathology.","display_name":"Microglia in normal condition and pathology.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2289346261","mag":"2289346261","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19058517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:19058517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19058517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065953337","display_name":"T A Pivneva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149851306","display_name":"National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine","ror":"https://ror.org/00je4t102","country_code":"UA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107829","display_name":"Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology","ror":"https://ror.org/01r6bzv07","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210107829"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T A Pivneva","raw_affiliation_strings":["O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. pta@biph.kiev.ua"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. pta@biph.kiev.ua","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210107829"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065953337"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210107829"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0459,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76834602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"5","first_page":"81","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14144","display_name":"Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11078","display_name":"Inflammasome and immune disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glial-cells","display_name":"glial cells","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system","display_name":"central nervous system","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocytosis","display_name":"phagocytosis","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-associated-dementia","display_name":"HIV-associated dementia","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-proteins","display_name":"complement proteins","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotrophic-factors","display_name":"neurotrophic factors","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglial-origin","display_name":"microglial origin","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglial-morphology","display_name":"microglial morphology","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-injury","display_name":"central nervous system injury","score":0.49300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.9075279235839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5715447664260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.5535769462585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5474388003349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5263306498527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776925932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755122","display_name":"Neurodegeneration","level":3,"score":0.5210980176925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87753298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157137","display_name":"Neuroinflammation","level":3,"score":0.513785183429718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.4983181953430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164027704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491837","display_name":"Proinflammatory cytokine","level":3,"score":0.48997989296913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4675048291683197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160539049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3064187","display_name":"Neurotrophic factors","level":3,"score":0.44215071201324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780884517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177105","display_name":"Neuroglia","level":3,"score":0.4181019067764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.40717893838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.37422192096710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33100759983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3260830342769623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.06341519951820374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001927","descriptor_name":"Brain Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001927","descriptor_name":"Brain Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010587","descriptor_name":"Phagocytosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018925","descriptor_name":"Chemokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:19058517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19058517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2289346261","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19058517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575263086","https://openalex.org/W1600123087","https://openalex.org/W1646206347","https://openalex.org/W1932962395","https://openalex.org/W1963947886","https://openalex.org/W1970495423","https://openalex.org/W1972236719","https://openalex.org/W1974626393","https://openalex.org/W1977604451","https://openalex.org/W1979814725","https://openalex.org/W1982092843","https://openalex.org/W1984008481","https://openalex.org/W1986986626","https://openalex.org/W1991821782","https://openalex.org/W1993497653","https://openalex.org/W1998776723","https://openalex.org/W1999881215","https://openalex.org/W2003054104","https://openalex.org/W2006711955","https://openalex.org/W2008155801","https://openalex.org/W2033998934","https://openalex.org/W2042116258","https://openalex.org/W2050181320","https://openalex.org/W2054558607","https://openalex.org/W2063249182","https://openalex.org/W2068872768","https://openalex.org/W2074479550","https://openalex.org/W2074708561","https://openalex.org/W2076407459","https://openalex.org/W2080499279","https://openalex.org/W2088350077","https://openalex.org/W2088730075","https://openalex.org/W2090930997","https://openalex.org/W2093204054","https://openalex.org/W2095679244","https://openalex.org/W2101958789","https://openalex.org/W2109759840","https://openalex.org/W2114167457","https://openalex.org/W2123446167","https://openalex.org/W2132983470","https://openalex.org/W2137220106","https://openalex.org/W2138084996","https://openalex.org/W2151551770","https://openalex.org/W2162693284","https://openalex.org/W2171381331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063249182","https://openalex.org/W1599595878","https://openalex.org/W191101138","https://openalex.org/W2383099817","https://openalex.org/W2029411593","https://openalex.org/W3003425367","https://openalex.org/W2138554422","https://openalex.org/W1569723968","https://openalex.org/W2182862559","https://openalex.org/W4415226824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microglia,":[0],"one":[1],"of":[2,5,29,82,125,147,155],"three":[3],"types":[4],"glial":[6,47],"cells":[7,23,64],"in":[8,24,26,39,68,78],"the":[9,27,69,144],"central":[10],"nervous":[11],"system":[12],"(CNS),":[13],"plays":[14],"an":[15],"important":[16],"role":[17],"as":[18,105],"resident":[19],"immunocompetent":[20],"and":[21,31,53,76,80,92,112,152],"phagocytic":[22],"CNS":[25,70],"event":[28],"injury":[30],"disease.":[32],"It":[33,138],"was":[34],"del":[35],"Rio":[36],"Hortego":[37],"who":[38],"1927":[40],"determined":[41],"that":[42,62,71,121],"microglia":[43,122],"belong":[44],"a":[45],"distinct":[46],"cell":[48],"type":[49],"apart":[50],"from":[51],"astrocytes":[52],"oligodendrocytes.":[54],"Since":[55],"1970s":[56],"there":[57],"has":[58],"been":[59],"wide":[60],"recognition":[61],"microglial":[63,156],"are":[65],"immune":[66,94],"effectors":[67],"respond":[72],"to":[73,119,142],"pathological":[74],"conditions":[75],"participate":[77],"initiation":[79],"progression":[81],"neurological":[83],"disorders":[84],"including":[85],"Alzheimer's":[86],"disease,":[87,89],"Parkinson's":[88],"multiple":[90],"sclerosis,":[91],"acquired":[93],"deficiency":[95],"syndrome":[96],"dementia":[97],"complex":[98],"by":[99],"releasing":[100],"potentially":[101],"cytotoxic":[102],"molecules":[103],"such":[104],"proinflammatory":[106],"cytokine,":[107],"reactive":[108],"oxygen":[109],"intermediates,":[110],"proteinases":[111],"complement":[113],"proteins.":[114],"There":[115],"is":[116,123,139],"also":[117],"evidence":[118],"suggest":[120],"capable":[124],"secreting":[126],"neurotrophic":[127],"or":[128,136],"neuron":[129],"survival":[130],"factors":[131],"upon":[132],"activation":[133],"during":[134],"inflammation":[135],"injury.":[137],"thus":[140],"timely":[141],"review":[143],"current":[145],"status":[146],"knowledge":[148],"on":[149],"origin,":[150],"morphology":[151],"functional":[153],"features":[154],"cells.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
