{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2289022571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","title":"Microalloyed Low-Carbon Multiphase Steels","display_name":"Microalloyed Low-Carbon Multiphase Steels","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2289022571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","mag":"2289022571"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.201500352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082184637","display_name":"Volker Flaxa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144152","display_name":"Salzgitter Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/047yd6g50","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144152"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Flaxa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Eisenhuettenstr. 99, 38239 Salzgitter, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Eisenhuettenstr. 99, 38239 Salzgitter, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010299113","display_name":"Sascha Kluge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144152","display_name":"Salzgitter Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/047yd6g50","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144152"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sascha Kluge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Eisenhuettenstr. 99, 38239 Salzgitter, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH, Eisenhuettenstr. 99, 38239 Salzgitter, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010299113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144152"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"10","first_page":"1264","last_page":"1273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14128","display_name":"Metallurgical and Alloy Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2500","display_name":"General Materials Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiphase-steel","display_name":"multiphase steel","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-steel","display_name":"mild steel","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microalloying","display_name":"microalloying","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/niobium-microalloying","display_name":"niobium microalloying","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-emission-reduction","display_name":"carbon emission reduction","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-refinement","display_name":"grain refinement","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation-hardening","display_name":"precipitation hardening","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-solution-strengthening","display_name":"solid solution strengthening","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese","display_name":"manganese","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"silicon","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromium","display_name":"chromium","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molybdenum","display_name":"molybdenum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferrite-martensite-microstructure","display_name":"ferrite-martensite microstructure","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bainite","display_name":"bainite","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-treatment","display_name":"heat treatment","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formability","display_name":"formability","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-angle","display_name":"bending angle","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hole-expansion","display_name":"hole expansion","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/springback","display_name":"springback","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strength","display_name":"tensile strength","score":0.7630000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8466925621032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79127381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469940","display_name":"Formability","level":2,"score":0.8053731322288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.6906833648681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.6049652099609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154634170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779974","display_name":"Precipitation hardening","level":3,"score":0.5515366792678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18747287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488950","display_name":"Martensite","level":3,"score":0.5003643035888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.47673332691192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.471215158700943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.4660690128803253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.45275282859802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37210646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5105088","display_name":"Ferrite (magnet)","level":2,"score":0.44626280665397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44125496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575611","display_name":"Bainite","level":4,"score":0.4364880919456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193705005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17082212","display_name":"Solid solution strengthening","level":3,"score":0.4174632728099823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.317108154296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.07566830515861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.201500352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201500352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583576192","https://openalex.org/W1932404613","https://openalex.org/W1986205235","https://openalex.org/W1986835940","https://openalex.org/W2007049174","https://openalex.org/W2063607100"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906738969","https://openalex.org/W2107429589","https://openalex.org/W7098642805","https://openalex.org/W2380557726","https://openalex.org/W3126509234","https://openalex.org/W1578784401","https://openalex.org/W2557377484","https://openalex.org/W1578193815","https://openalex.org/W179034037","https://openalex.org/W2900168684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Actual":[0],"multiphase":[1],"steels":[2],"guarantee":[3],"tensile":[4,40],"strengths":[5],"in":[6],"different":[7],"grades":[8,36],"between":[9],"500":[10],"and":[11,15,111,118,145,170],"1000":[12,96],"MPa.":[13],"Specifications":[14],"standards":[16],"permit":[17],"a":[18,79],"wide":[19],"field":[20],"of":[21,66,82,116,125,143,150],"chemical":[22],"compositions.":[23],"On":[24,75],"one":[25],"hand,":[26,78],"carbon":[27,84],"amounts":[28,149],"higher":[29],"than":[30],"0.12%":[31],"are":[32,69,131],"not":[33],"seldom":[34],"for":[35],"exceeding":[37],"600":[38],"MPa":[39,97],"strength.":[41],"However,":[42],"frequently":[43],"encountered":[44],"difficulties":[45],"during":[46],"body":[47],"manufacturing,":[48],"due":[49],"to":[50,72,86,95,157,162],"limited":[51],"formability,":[52],"like":[53],"enhanced":[54],"crack":[55],"formation":[56],"at":[57],"trim":[58],"edges,":[59],"increased":[60],"spring-back,":[61],"or":[62,129],"deteriorated":[63],"fracture":[64],"behavior":[65],"weld":[67],"joints":[68],"typically":[70],"related":[71],"unfavorable":[73],"microstructures.":[74],"the":[76,83,100,132,159],"other":[77],"strict":[80],"limitation":[81],"content":[85],"below":[87],"0.1":[88],"wt%":[89],"across":[90],"all":[91],"strength":[92],"classes":[93],"up":[94],"allows":[98],"avoiding":[99],"mentioned":[101],"manufacturing":[102],"difficulties.":[103],"Carbon":[104],"reduction":[105],"as":[106,108],"well":[107],"grain":[109],"refinement":[110],"precipitation":[112],"hardening":[113,121],"by":[114,154,167],"means":[115],"Nb-microalloying":[117],"solid":[119],"solution":[120],"through":[122],"further":[123],"addition":[124],"manganese,":[126],"silicon,":[127],"chromium,":[128],"molybdenum":[130],"major":[133],"key":[134],"factors":[135],"on":[136],"metallurgical":[137],"site.":[138],"A":[139],"more":[140],"homogenous":[141],"combination":[142],"ferrite":[144],"martensite":[146],"with":[147],"certain":[148],"bainite":[151],"is":[152],"adjusted":[153],"heat":[155],"treatment":[156],"defuse":[158],"critical":[160],"interfaces":[161],"increase":[163],"forming":[164],"properties":[165],"measured":[166],"bending":[168],"angle":[169],"hole":[171],"expansion.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}