{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2286428653","doi":null,"title":"Improving Password Usability with Visual Techniques","display_name":"Improving Password Usability with Visual Techniques","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2286428653","mag":"2286428653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:bgsu1194297698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048460404","display_name":"Saranga Komanduri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157417397","display_name":"Bowling Green State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay7va13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saranga Komanduri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bowling Green State Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bowling Green State Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048460404"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157417397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7028,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81638948,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-usability","display_name":"password usability","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-memorability","display_name":"password memorability","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-recall","display_name":"password recall","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/account-lockout","display_name":"account lockout","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-security","display_name":"authentication security","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-complexity","display_name":"password complexity","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-interaction-design","display_name":"human-computer interaction design","score":0.5109999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7348427772521973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.6541796326637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5977458953857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3755946457386017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.209596186876297}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:bgsu1194297698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.309.1033","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.309.1033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.salsite.com/cv/pubs/komandurithesis2007.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2286428653","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:bgsu1194297698","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194297698","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2286428653.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2286428653.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W128619364","https://openalex.org/W165936246","https://openalex.org/W1498607839","https://openalex.org/W1509568042","https://openalex.org/W1515542209","https://openalex.org/W1526745844","https://openalex.org/W1534216444","https://openalex.org/W1582830784","https://openalex.org/W1639210492","https://openalex.org/W1921097329","https://openalex.org/W1976421215","https://openalex.org/W1981813661","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1997166198","https://openalex.org/W2010141198","https://openalex.org/W2019894050","https://openalex.org/W2022872918","https://openalex.org/W2026353333","https://openalex.org/W2034834048","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2055147133","https://openalex.org/W2063265871","https://openalex.org/W2069948798","https://openalex.org/W2076328958","https://openalex.org/W2082876231","https://openalex.org/W2085768896","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2100783932","https://openalex.org/W2108525321","https://openalex.org/W2109616123","https://openalex.org/W2111678510","https://openalex.org/W2112060097","https://openalex.org/W2112767991","https://openalex.org/W2120357670","https://openalex.org/W2120477987","https://openalex.org/W2123097583","https://openalex.org/W2130211904","https://openalex.org/W2131814097","https://openalex.org/W2131906261","https://openalex.org/W2136234687","https://openalex.org/W2144712959","https://openalex.org/W2149929743","https://openalex.org/W2150290224","https://openalex.org/W2157007820","https://openalex.org/W2169200398","https://openalex.org/W2186564720","https://openalex.org/W2189515241","https://openalex.org/W2797693503","https://openalex.org/W4241883345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600614774","https://openalex.org/W2850598386","https://openalex.org/W2946074699","https://openalex.org/W1045156439","https://openalex.org/W7099900452","https://openalex.org/W1979442841","https://openalex.org/W7097824381","https://openalex.org/W4385316840","https://openalex.org/W2028484342","https://openalex.org/W3091949768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"technology":[1],"is":[2,422],"more":[3,405],"than":[4],"capable":[5],"of":[6,31,39,65,77,110,123,144,151,161,173,255,271,283,393,400,436,504,507,536],"providing":[7],"a":[8,40,82,107,141,190,240,245,252,307,397,403,434],"secure":[9,96],"authentication":[10,168],"process,":[11,311],"but":[12,529],"users":[13,148,164],"are":[14,149],"limited":[15],"in":[16,36,44,154,189,331,340,350,363,376,380,384,449,455,476],"their":[17],"ability":[18],"to":[19,91,184,218,275,285,290,300,324,338,347,389,402,410,416,429,466,498],"remember":[20],"difficult":[21],"passwords":[22,64,102,117,132],"and":[23,49,68,97,100,198,259,264,269,304,328,333,354,375,413,452,460,470,501,534],"make":[24,166],"judgments":[25],"about":[26],"security.In":[27],"this":[28,225,394],"thesis,":[29],"both":[30,95],"these":[32,186,539],"problems":[33],"were":[34,52,103,118,133],"addressed":[35],"the":[37,55,78,124,155,159,171,212,292,310,341,351,364,378,391,419,458,502,505,508],"development":[38],"new":[41,58],"picture-password":[42],"system.Studies":[43],"computer":[45],"security,":[46],"password":[47,84,108,247],"usability,":[48],"cognitive":[50],"psychology":[51,352],"referenced":[53],"throughout":[54],"design":[56],"process.The":[57],"system":[59,85,248],"was":[60,70,182,203,266,281,316],"tested":[61],"against":[62],"character":[63,99,131],"equal":[66],"complexity":[67],"recall":[69],"measured":[71],"over":[72],"an":[73],"eight-day":[74],"period.The":[75],"results":[76],"study":[79],"show":[80],"that":[81,140,209,224,279,445],"picture":[83,101,116,246],"which":[86,192],"accepts":[87],"input":[88],"without":[89,231,494],"respect":[90],"order":[92],"can":[93,165],"be":[94],"memorable.Both":[98],"randomly":[104],"assigned":[105],"from":[106,313,396],"space":[109],"almost":[111,194],"29":[112],"billion":[113],"possible":[114],"passwords.The":[115],"remembered":[119],"by":[120,147],"all":[121],"fifteen":[122],"picture-group":[125],"participants":[126],"eight":[127],"days":[128],"later,":[129,234],"whereas":[130],"not":[134,433],"universally":[135],"remembered.In":[136],"addition,":[137],"I":[138,210,216,235,280,408,519],"found":[139],"substantial":[142],"number":[143,160,172],"failed":[145,175,415],"inputs":[146,153,188],"repeats":[150],"previous":[152],"same":[156],"session.This":[157],"reduces":[158],"distinct":[162],"guesses":[163],"when":[167,215,518],"systems":[169],"limit":[170],"allowed":[174],"logins":[176],"(known":[177],"as":[178],"account":[179],"lockout).A":[180],"protocol":[181],"developed":[183],"ignore":[185],"duplicate":[187],"way":[191],"incurs":[193],"no":[195],"security":[196,373],"risk":[197],"improves":[199],"usability.iii":[200],"ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS":[201],"It":[202],"Dr.":[204,237,260,295,320,431],"Lancaster":[205],"who":[206,297,472],"first":[207],"suggested":[208],"persue":[211],"thesis":[213,226],"option":[214],"began":[217],"consider":[219],"Ph.D.":[220],"programs.I":[221],"am":[222],"certain":[223],"would":[227,426],"never":[228],"have":[229,490],"happened":[230],"his":[232,334],"advice.Months":[233],"approached":[236],"Kresman":[238,369],"with":[239,257,294,319,358,372,485],"very":[241,267,486,527],"rough":[242],"idea":[243],"for":[244,360,424,513,526],"after":[249],"having":[250],"done":[251],"small":[253],"amount":[254],"research.Meetings":[256],"Dr.Hutchings":[258],"Leventhal":[261,344],"soon":[262],"followed":[263],"everyone":[265],"supportive":[268],"full":[270],"ideas":[272],"on":[273,306],"how":[274],"proceed.So":[276],"much":[277],"so,":[278,418],"unsure":[282],"where":[284],"concentrate":[286],"my":[287,302,314,385,437,447,477,537],"efforts.I":[288],"decided":[289],"discuss":[291],"matter":[293],"Dunning,":[296],"helped":[298,322,356,370],"me":[299,323,346,357,371,388,462,484,493,515,525],"narrow":[301],"scope":[303],"decide":[305],"broad":[308],"structure.Throughout":[309],"feedback":[312],"committee":[315,386],"invaluable.Frequent":[317],"meetings":[318],"Hutchings":[321],"understand":[325],"research,":[326],"experiments,":[327],"academic":[329],"writing":[330],"general,":[332],"comments":[335],"always":[336,491],"led":[337],"improvements":[339],"finished":[342],"product.Dr.":[343],"introduced":[345],"related":[348],"work":[349,401],"literature":[353],"also":[355,427],"materials":[359],"running":[361],"experiments":[362],"CHIL":[365],"(Computer-Human":[366],"Interaction":[367],"Lab).Dr.":[368],"topics":[374],"improving":[377],"material":[379],"Chapter":[381],"5.":[382],"Everyone":[383],"pushed":[387],"improve":[390],"structure":[392],"manuscript":[395],"simple":[398],"documentation":[399],"(hopefully)":[404],"cohesive":[406],"product.Though":[407],"struggled":[409],"meet":[411],"deadlines,":[412],"often":[414,482],"do":[417],"final":[420],"product":[421],"better":[423],"it.I":[425],"like":[428,465,497],"thank":[430,467,499],"Klopfer.Though":[432],"member":[435],"committee,":[438],"he":[439],"passed":[440],"along":[441],"several":[442],"relevant":[443],"papers":[444],"piqued":[446],"interest":[448],"psychology.My":[450],"family":[451],"friends":[453],"participated":[454],"pilot":[456],"testing":[457],"experiment":[459],"supported":[461,492],"throughout.I'd":[463],"especially":[464],"Jason,":[468],"Casey,":[469],"Colin":[471],"seemed":[473],"genuinely":[474],"interested":[475],"research":[478],"even":[479],"though":[480],"it":[481],"left":[483],"little":[487],"free":[488],"time.They":[489],"reservation.Finally,":[495],"I'd":[496],"Josh":[500],"rest":[503],"staff":[506],"Technology":[509],"Support":[510],"iv":[511],"Center":[512],"allowing":[514],"time":[516],"off":[517],"really":[520],"needed":[521],"it.They":[522],"haven't":[523],"known":[524],"long":[528],"they've":[530],"been":[531],"extremely":[532],"flexible":[533],"forgiving":[535],"schedule":[538],"last":[540],"two":[541],"weeks.":[542]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
