{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2284898559","doi":null,"title":"Economics of Payment Cards","display_name":"Economics of Payment Cards","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2284898559","mag":"2284898559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2284898559","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.konkurrensverket.se/globalassets/english/research/pros_cons_2014_ozlem_bedre.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004176528","display_name":"\u00d6zlem Bedre-Defolie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-4185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-4185"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00d6zlem Bedre-Defolie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-4185","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033045238","display_name":"Linda Gratz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-2463","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-2463"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Gratz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-2463","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment-cards","display_name":"payment cards","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-sided-markets","display_name":"two-sided markets","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interchange-fees","display_name":"interchange fees","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platform-competition","display_name":"platform competition","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-power","display_name":"market power","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-distortions","display_name":"price distortions","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-welfare-welfare-economics","display_name":"social welfare (welfare economics)","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/externalities","display_name":"externalities","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment-card-regulation","display_name":"payment card regulation","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21021354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207171","display_name":"Payment card","level":3,"score":0.7914766073226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775881736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1274157","display_name":"Market power","level":3,"score":0.743444561958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777098679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281682","display_name":"Imperfect competition","level":2,"score":0.6532820463180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.6239901781082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202269582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2644277","display_name":"Complementarity (molecular biology)","level":2,"score":0.6097506284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780368139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2031007","display_name":"Two-sided market","level":3,"score":0.5934817790985107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5917091965675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.5840332508087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16118543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372","display_name":"Externality","level":2,"score":0.5323111414909363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96219163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649124","display_name":"Network effect","level":2,"score":0.5271115899085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101472132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835678","display_name":"Price discrimination","level":2,"score":0.5213819146156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4754328727722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4645196199417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536738050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3249071","display_name":"Social Welfare","level":2,"score":0.46227651834487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167393938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q268617","display_name":"Economic surplus","level":3,"score":0.45762667059898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155739000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877707","display_name":"Market structure","level":2,"score":0.4263514578342438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780681036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922851","display_name":"Vertical restraints","level":3,"score":0.4250229597091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.40546345710754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.3912026286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.1630207896232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.13121682405471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1251097023487091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781127519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43637","display_name":"Monopoly","level":2,"score":0.12423542141914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2284898559","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.konkurrensverket.se/globalassets/english/research/pros_cons_2014_ozlem_bedre.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3062674","https://openalex.org/W78803274","https://openalex.org/W1516051863","https://openalex.org/W1527910900","https://openalex.org/W1548564438","https://openalex.org/W1560848470","https://openalex.org/W1564115051","https://openalex.org/W1577141077","https://openalex.org/W1998523314","https://openalex.org/W2006170756","https://openalex.org/W2008975493","https://openalex.org/W2023440776","https://openalex.org/W2024009792","https://openalex.org/W2025987251","https://openalex.org/W2027594970","https://openalex.org/W2038321004","https://openalex.org/W2042020938","https://openalex.org/W2074255319","https://openalex.org/W2100090082","https://openalex.org/W2100850991","https://openalex.org/W2112768953","https://openalex.org/W2112916068","https://openalex.org/W2115564125","https://openalex.org/W2116642403","https://openalex.org/W2118958790","https://openalex.org/W2125922557","https://openalex.org/W2129998937","https://openalex.org/W2133482417","https://openalex.org/W2153814004","https://openalex.org/W2160403642","https://openalex.org/W2162818390","https://openalex.org/W2169544344","https://openalex.org/W2170383808","https://openalex.org/W2267792772","https://openalex.org/W2487333927","https://openalex.org/W2791876528","https://openalex.org/W2889571040","https://openalex.org/W3021609474","https://openalex.org/W3121216621","https://openalex.org/W3121472354","https://openalex.org/W3121659215","https://openalex.org/W3122137739","https://openalex.org/W3122834455","https://openalex.org/W3123111954","https://openalex.org/W3123131532","https://openalex.org/W3124362235","https://openalex.org/W3124428210","https://openalex.org/W3124439138","https://openalex.org/W3124640067","https://openalex.org/W3125262066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025987251","https://openalex.org/W2890986042","https://openalex.org/W1788492145","https://openalex.org/W4411346200","https://openalex.org/W3121518461","https://openalex.org/W63463875","https://openalex.org/W2903366160","https://openalex.org/W3125008832","https://openalex.org/W1715305626","https://openalex.org/W2115564125"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,120],"article":[1],"summarizes":[2],"the":[3,20,28,80,99,110,117,123,129,132,155],"literature":[4],"on":[5,24],"two-sided":[6],"payment":[7],"card":[8],"markets.":[9,84],"The":[10,140],"general":[11],"conclusion":[12],"is":[13,47,104,121],"that":[14,106],"interchange":[15,36,118,124,163],"fees":[16,37,164],"can":[17,87],"help":[18,88],"internalize":[19],"complementarity":[21],"between":[22,58,136,154],"services":[23],"both":[25],"sides":[26],"of":[27,51,70,82,131],"market":[29,68,93],"but":[30,96,170],"private":[31],"platforms":[32,71],"set":[33],"too":[34],"high":[35],"from":[38],"a":[39,126,145],"social":[40],"Welfare":[41],"perspective.":[42],"Private":[43],"platforms'":[44],"price":[45,100,135,148],"structure":[46,101],"distored":[48],"in":[49,109],"favor":[50],"buyers":[52,59,137],"for":[53,91],"several":[54],"reasons:":[55],"asymmetric":[56],"choices":[57],"and":[60,138],"merchants,":[61],"merchant":[62],"internalization":[63],"and/or":[64],"platform":[65],"competition.":[66],"Furthermore,":[67],"power":[69],"leads":[72],"to":[73,79,89,151,160],"higher":[74],"total":[75,133,147],"user":[76,134],"prices":[77],"similar":[78],"case":[81],"one-sided":[83],"Platform":[85],"competition":[86],"correct":[90],"such":[92],"Power":[94],"distortions":[95],"may":[97,173],"exacerbate":[98],"distortions.":[102],"It":[103],"shown":[105],"full":[107],"eciency":[108,142],"industry":[111],"cannot":[112],"be":[113,174],"achieved":[114],"through":[115],"regulating":[116],"fee.":[119],"because":[122],"fee":[125],"ects":[127],"only":[128],"allocation":[130],"sellers.":[139],"rst-best":[141],"also":[143],"requires":[144],"lower":[146],"level":[149],"due":[150],"positive":[152],"externalities":[153],"two":[156],"sides.":[157],"A":[158],"measure":[159,172],"test":[161],"whether":[162],"are":[165],"excessive":[166],"has":[167],"been":[168],"proposed":[169],"this":[171],"imperfect.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-04T09:36:47.201465","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
