{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2284873170","doi":null,"title":"[Free radicals and antioxidants: physiology, human pathology and therapeutic aspects (part II)].","display_name":"[Free radicals and antioxidants: physiology, human pathology and therapeutic aspects (part II)].","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2284873170","mag":"2284873170","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9806002"},"language":"fr","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9806002","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9806002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapie","raw_type":"English Abstract"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111676464","display_name":"Z. Sahnoun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4404532929","display_name":"Faculty of Medicine of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/0053fb273","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784","https://openalex.org/I4404532929"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z Sahnoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Sfax, Tunisie"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Sfax, Tunisie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784","https://openalex.org/I4404532929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111571144","display_name":"K. Jamoussi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Jamoussi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013576668","display_name":"Zeghal Km","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K M Zeghal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.587,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6412037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"4","first_page":"315","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.6845999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.6845999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.12849999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.11079999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-radicals","display_name":"free radicals","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidants","display_name":"antioxidants","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450","display_name":"cytochrome P450","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eicosanoid-metabolism","display_name":"eicosanoid metabolism","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arachidonic-acid-metabolism","display_name":"arachidonic acid metabolism","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostaglandins","display_name":"prostaglandins","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide","display_name":"nitric oxide","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-messengers","display_name":"second messengers","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocyte-activation","display_name":"phagocyte activation","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-adhesion-molecules","display_name":"adhesion molecules","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocyte-recruitment","display_name":"leukocyte recruitment","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclooxygenase-2","display_name":"cyclooxygenase-2","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-synthase","display_name":"nitric oxide synthase","score":0.9580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519581460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207843","display_name":"Nitric oxide","level":2,"score":0.6186283230781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139066938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185056","display_name":"Radical","level":2,"score":0.5841530561447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5478954315185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5435762405395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89560881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101026","display_name":"Platelet","level":2,"score":0.46606308221817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.44167840480804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776992346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111140","display_name":"Endothelium","level":2,"score":0.4366956949234009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163235415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899814","display_name":"Second messenger system","level":3,"score":0.42991384863853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.4217895269393921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.42029935121536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49039625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84230","display_name":"Secretion","level":2,"score":0.4135796129703522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.3489837050437927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.29979822039604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.15502649545669556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004194","descriptor_name":"Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005609","descriptor_name":"Free Radicals","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010586","descriptor_name":"Phagocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016328","descriptor_name":"NF-kappa B","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9806002","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9806002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapie","raw_type":"English Abstract"},{"id":"mag:2284873170","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9806002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2316438407","https://openalex.org/W2341500989","https://openalex.org/W2423724044","https://openalex.org/W7074010553","https://openalex.org/W2057114546","https://openalex.org/W2495427307","https://openalex.org/W7216715815","https://openalex.org/W6986705578","https://openalex.org/W586234829","https://openalex.org/W40580889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"they":[1],"are":[2,49,355],"considered":[3],"as":[4,57,87,257,490],"destructive":[5],"agents,":[6],"free":[7,53,193,287,310],"radicals":[8,54,194,288],"can":[9,55,79,299],"sometimes":[10],"become":[11],"useful.":[12],"Their":[13],"presence":[14],"is":[15,95,133,158,405,425,471],"intimately":[16],"coupled":[17],"with":[18,503,531],"the":[19,43,46,64,70,82,100,110,116,119,124,127,163,166,172,278,347,350,377,408,414,488,519,528,538,549],"activity":[20],"of":[21,29,45,66,84,92,112,118,126,151,155,165,237,272,293,309,321,325,349,361,380,387,410,432,446,459,475,541,551,554,561,566],"certain":[22],"hemal":[23],"oxydases":[24],"which":[25,94,228,262,294,334],"insert":[26],"an":[27,96,238,339,370,442,491],"atom":[28],"oxygen":[30,192,199,512],"into":[31],"their":[32,546],"substrate":[33],"by":[34,135,191,407],"a":[35,76,159,202,322,456,464,472,564],"stereospecific":[36],"radical":[37,562],"mecanism.":[38],"The":[39,52,90,130,168,221,274,358,385,421,449,468],"cytochromes":[40],"P450":[41],"and":[42,69,122,141,149,179,183,195,210,218,223,235,247,251,260,280,289,297,303,307,332,342,364,382,393,402,436,479,510,525,544],"enzymes":[44,354],"eicosanoide":[47],"metabolism":[48,65],"some":[50,295],"examples.":[51],"act":[56],"second":[58],"cellular":[59],"messengers,":[60],"especially":[61,244,413],"to":[62,74,206,216,230,266,270,318,440,463,495,527,534],"modulate":[63],"arachidonic":[67],"acid":[68],"prostaglandin":[71],"tract":[72],"or":[73,212,558],"infer":[75],"myorelaxation.":[77],"They":[78],"even":[80],"play":[81,201,369],"role":[83,372],"neurotransmitters":[85],"such":[86,256],"azote":[88],"monoxyde.":[89],"activation":[91,234,409],"phagocytes,":[93],"essential":[97],"event":[98,161],"in":[99,109,115,123,162,171,233,373,428,487,537],"inflammatory":[101,120,131,174,239,340,351,374,466],"reaction,":[102],"integrates":[103],"these":[104],"notions":[105],"at":[106],"several":[107],"levels:":[108],"mechanisms":[111],"bacterial":[113],"death,":[114],"spread":[117],"reaction":[121,132],"alteration":[125],"extra-cellular":[128],"matrix.":[129],"initiated":[134],"interactions":[136],"between":[137],"vascular":[138,156,188],"endothelium,":[139],"platelets":[140,224],"leukocytes":[142],"including":[143,327,506],"signal":[144],"exchanges,":[145],"adhesion":[146,254,389],"molecule":[147],"expression":[148,404,431],"secretion":[150,252],"chimiotactic":[152,291],"mediators.":[153],"Activation":[154],"endothelium":[157],"key":[160],"initiation":[164],"phenomenon.":[167],"cells":[169,185,282,314],"intervening":[170],"precocious":[173],"phase":[175,397],"were":[176],"tissular":[177],"mastocytes":[178],"platelet-liberating":[180],"mediators":[181],"(histamine)":[182],"neutrophile":[184],"responsible":[186],"for":[187,452],"injuries":[189],"induced":[190],"nitric":[196,365,383],"oxide.":[197,384],"Reactive":[198],"intermediates":[200],"critical":[203],"role,":[204],"primarily":[205],"limit":[207],"tissue":[208],"damage":[209],"prevent":[211],"inhibit":[213],"infection,":[214],"secondary":[215],"enhancing":[217],"prolonging":[219],"reaction.":[220],"monocytes":[222],"liberate":[225],"cytokines":[226,275,292,326],"early,":[227],"appears":[229],"be":[231,336],"important":[232,371,443],"production":[236,378],"response.":[240,467],"In":[241,481,548],"fact,":[242],"cytokines,":[243,395,507],"TNF":[245],"alpha":[246],"IL-1,":[248,328],"induce":[249,300],"synthesis":[250],"endothelial":[253,281,313,447],"molecules":[255,390],"ICAM-1,":[258],"VCAM-1":[259,392],"E-selectin,":[261],"have":[263,315],"been":[264,316,438],"demonstrated":[265,439],"mediate":[267],"leukocyte":[268],"recruitment":[269],"sites":[271,536],"inflammation.":[273],"also":[276,356],"activate":[277],"fibroblasts":[279],"that":[283],"produce,":[284],"among":[285],"others,":[286],"other":[290,353],"(IL-8":[296],"related)":[298],"neutrophil":[301],"degranulation":[302],"stimulate":[304],"oxidative":[305,567],"stress":[306,568],"formation":[308],"radicals.":[311],"Furthermore,":[312],"shown":[317],"make":[319],"use":[320],"broad":[323],"repertoire":[324],"IL-6,":[329],"IL-8,":[330],"MCP-1":[331],"gro/MGSA,":[333],"may":[335],"secreted":[337],"during":[338],"response":[341],"exercise":[343],"pro-inflammatory":[344],"functions.":[345],"Under":[346],"influence":[348],"mediators,":[352],"activated.":[357],"inducible":[359],"isoforms":[360],"cyclo-oxygenase":[362],"(COX-2)":[363],"oxide":[366],"synthase":[367],"(iNOS)":[368],"reactions":[375],"via":[376],"respectively":[379],"prostaglandins":[381],"induction":[386],"cell":[388],"(ICAM-1,":[391],"E-selectin),":[394],"acute":[396],"proteins,":[398],"growth":[399],"factors,":[400,412],"COX-2":[401],"iNOS":[403],"mediated":[406],"transcriptional":[411],"nuclear":[415],"factor":[416],"kappa":[417,499,515,522],"B":[418,423,454,470,485,516,523],"(NF-kappa":[419],"B).":[420],"NF-kappa":[422,453,469,484,520],"system":[424,445],"essentially":[426],"involved":[427],"immediate":[429],"early":[430],"various":[433,504],"immunoregulatory":[434],"genes":[435,451,460,543],"has":[437],"represent":[441],"regulatory":[444],"activation.":[448],"target":[450,542],"comprise":[455],"growing":[457],"list":[458],"intrinsically":[461],"linked":[462],"coordinated":[465],"heterodimer":[473],"composed":[474],"two":[476],"subunits":[477],"(p65":[478],"p50).":[480],"non-stimulated":[482],"cells,":[483],"resides":[486],"cytoplasm":[489],"inactive":[492],"complex":[493,524],"bound":[494],"its":[496],"inhibitor,":[497],"I":[498,514],"B.":[500],"Upon":[501],"stimulation":[502],"agents":[505],"mitogenes,":[508],"viruses":[509],"reactive":[511],"intermediates,":[513],"dissociates":[517],"from":[518],"B-I":[521],"translocates":[526],"nucleus,":[529],"binding":[530],"high":[532],"affinity":[533],"specific":[535],"promoter":[539],"regions":[540],"stimulating":[545],"transcription.":[547],"case":[550],"any":[552,559],"weakness":[553],"this":[555],"anti-oxidizing":[556],"defence":[557],"over-production":[560],"species,":[563],"state":[565],"occurs.":[569],"(ABSTRACT":[570],"TRUNC":[571]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
