{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2283863552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","title":"The Role of Courts in Rifted Democracies","display_name":"The Role of Courts in Rifted Democracies","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2283863552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","mag":"2283863552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021223700015983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181618396","display_name":"Israel Law Review","issn_l":"0021-2237","issn":["0021-2237","2047-9336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Israel Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1963756_code819270.pdf?abstractid=1963756&mirid=2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090898758","display_name":"Ruth E. Gavison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruth Gavison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090898758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.0571,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99221413,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"2","first_page":"216","last_page":"258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12332","display_name":"Comparative constitutional jurisprudence studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-independence","display_name":"judicial independence","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supreme-court-of-israel","display_name":"Israeli Supreme Court","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-review","display_name":"judicial review","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-legitimacy","display_name":"judicial legitimacy","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-backsliding","display_name":"democratic backsliding","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-activism","display_name":"judicial activism","score":0.3799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.8416029214859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.6296854019165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6277738213539124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5688880681991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.538946270942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7991579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17955","display_name":"Criticism","level":2,"score":0.5267400741577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49201342463493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44918","display_name":"Rule of law","level":3,"score":0.4719109833240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46961814165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126053111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79896","display_name":"Separation of powers","level":3,"score":0.4405670464038849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4026850163936615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.16066068410873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.15146446228027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021223700015983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181618396","display_name":"Israel Law Review","issn_l":"0021-2237","issn":["0021-2237","2047-9336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Israel Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2283863552","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1963756_code819270.pdf?abstractid=1963756&mirid=2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2283863552","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1963756_code819270.pdf?abstractid=1963756&mirid=2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1022946631","https://openalex.org/W1574839427","https://openalex.org/W2060498353","https://openalex.org/W2152723158","https://openalex.org/W2990358314","https://openalex.org/W4235023594","https://openalex.org/W4237574036","https://openalex.org/W4239517275","https://openalex.org/W4255088189","https://openalex.org/W4388058245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202779379","https://openalex.org/W3133918192","https://openalex.org/W2260391119","https://openalex.org/W7170210672","https://openalex.org/W4394828580","https://openalex.org/W1550099827","https://openalex.org/W2487423218","https://openalex.org/W1969536595","https://openalex.org/W4388823125","https://openalex.org/W2883970501"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"discussion":[1],"of":[2,5,20,42,51,67,88,112,129,191,210],"the":[3,18,21,65,79,82,86,89,94,113,124,130,160,164,178,192,197,200,208],"role":[4],"courts":[6,90,165],"in":[7,91,97,99,106,183],"Israel":[8,30],"today":[9],"demands":[10],"some":[11,107,205],"introductory":[12],"remarks.":[13],"The":[14,103,172],"Supreme":[15,22,95],"Court":[16,23,96],"and":[17,27,31,49,60,69,93,126,143,152,186,199,213],"President":[19],"enjoy":[24],"great":[25],"acclaim":[26],"respect":[28],"within":[29],"abroad,":[32],"but":[33,154],"have":[34,166,203],"recently":[35],"come":[36],"under":[37],"attack":[38],"from":[39],"a":[40,135,141],"variety":[41],"sources.":[43],"These":[44],"attacks":[45,83],"are":[46,53],"often":[47],"confused,":[48],"many":[50],"them":[52],"clearly":[54],"motivated":[55],"by":[56],"narrow":[57],"partisan":[58],"interests":[59],"an":[61,119],"inherent":[62],"objection":[63],"to":[64,85,117,123,207],"rule":[66],"law":[68],"judicial":[70,201],"review.":[71],"But":[72],"these":[73,211],"motives":[74],"do":[75],"not":[76],"necessarily":[77],"weaken":[78],"dangers":[80],"which":[81],"pose":[84],"legitimacy":[87],"general,":[92],"particular,":[98],"Israel's":[100],"public":[101],"life.":[102],"fact":[104],"that":[105,194,196],"sectors":[108],"extremely":[109],"harsh":[110],"criticism":[111],"court":[114],"is":[115,148,189],"seen":[116],"be":[118],"electoral":[120],"boost,":[121],"testifies":[122],"serious":[125],"dangerous":[127,214],"nature":[128],"threat.":[131],"This":[132],"situation":[133],"creates":[134],"dilemma":[136,173],"for":[137,150],"those":[138],"who":[139,155],"want":[140],"strong":[142],"independent":[144],"judiciary,":[145],"believing":[146],"it":[147],"essential":[149],"freedom":[151],"democracy,":[153],"also":[156],"believe":[157],"that,":[158],"during":[159],"last":[161],"two":[162],"decades,":[163],"transgressed":[167],"limits":[168],"they":[169],"should":[170],"respect.":[171],"becomes":[174],"especially":[175],"acute":[176],"when":[177,187],"political":[179],"echo":[180],"sounds":[181],"out":[182],"one's":[184],"criticism,":[185],"one":[188],"part":[190],"group":[193],"believes":[195],"legal":[198],"systems":[202],"made":[204],"contribution":[206],"prevalence":[209],"hyperbolic":[212],"attacks,":[215],"as":[216],"I":[217],"am.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
