{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2280431335","doi":null,"title":"The Runeberg Problem: Theism, Libertarianism, and Motivated Reasoning","display_name":"The Runeberg Problem: Theism, Libertarianism, and Motivated Reasoning","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2280431335","mag":"2280431335"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2280431335","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2390260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2390260","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102861095","display_name":"Manuel R. Vargas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-710X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-710X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Vargas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego (UCSD) - Division of Arts and Humanities"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego (UCSD) - Division of Arts and Humanities","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102861095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11997","display_name":"Free Will and Agency","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11997","display_name":"Free Will and Agency","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13144","display_name":"Theology and Philosophy of Evil","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/libertarian-free-will","display_name":"libertarian free will","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-will","display_name":"free will","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-determinism","display_name":"causal determinism","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivated-reasoning","display_name":"motivated reasoning","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theism","display_name":"theism","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-in-god","display_name":"belief in God","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-responsibility","display_name":"moral responsibility","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-liability","display_name":"criminal liability","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retributive-punishment","display_name":"retributive punishment","score":0.9900000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135349781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560566","display_name":"Libertarianism","level":2,"score":0.9478257298469543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126693752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3149938","display_name":"Incompatibilism","level":4,"score":0.8003363609313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200610012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620805","display_name":"Theism","level":2,"score":0.7615417838096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521304379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9476","display_name":"Free will","level":2,"score":0.6719071865081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192183473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131133","display_name":"Determinism","level":2,"score":0.6595069169998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5762064456939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110928126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519270","display_name":"Retributive justice","level":3,"score":0.5478671193122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5095715522766113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4901941418647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4454953670501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26921437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1551125","display_name":"Compatibilism","level":3,"score":0.40910667181015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.3118341863155365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.274897962808609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.24239593744277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.24138283729553223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22097286581993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.17413181066513062}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2280431335","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2390260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:works.bepress.com:vargas-1013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2390260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Manuel Vargas","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2280431335","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2390260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175458479","https://openalex.org/W377167596","https://openalex.org/W563073930","https://openalex.org/W585424001","https://openalex.org/W630016851","https://openalex.org/W1520467851","https://openalex.org/W1538050987","https://openalex.org/W1541703906","https://openalex.org/W1568640766","https://openalex.org/W1633931040","https://openalex.org/W1792550766","https://openalex.org/W1852989794","https://openalex.org/W1972410569","https://openalex.org/W1984644160","https://openalex.org/W2024561520","https://openalex.org/W2044908625","https://openalex.org/W2048002868","https://openalex.org/W2056921451","https://openalex.org/W2128218646","https://openalex.org/W2139786145","https://openalex.org/W2141803511","https://openalex.org/W2149893809","https://openalex.org/W2270772451","https://openalex.org/W2323848587","https://openalex.org/W2501681977","https://openalex.org/W3123067009","https://openalex.org/W4239043303"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2494995551","https://openalex.org/W2502667323","https://openalex.org/W1517920372","https://openalex.org/W3188443892","https://openalex.org/W78656079","https://openalex.org/W1516857539","https://openalex.org/W965525898","https://openalex.org/W2989682769","https://openalex.org/W2578831340","https://openalex.org/W3202929443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Libertarianism":[0],"about":[1,71,81],"free":[2,10,72,85],"will":[3,73],"is":[4,17,25,44,62,74,100],"the":[5,55,82,112,119],"view":[6,23],"that":[7,13,24,60,69,98,122],"we":[8],"have":[9],"will,":[11,86],"and":[12,31,94,124],"our":[14],"having":[15],"it":[16,43],"incompatible":[18],"with":[19,49],"causal":[20],"determinism.":[21],"This":[22,57,116],"sometimes":[26],"held":[27],"to":[28],"underpin":[29],"moral":[30],"criminal":[32],"responsibility,":[33,87],"as":[34,36,47],"well":[35],"retributive":[37,89],"punishment.":[38,90],"In":[39],"its":[40,126],"contemporary":[41],"forms,":[42],"standardly":[45],"presented":[46],"compatible":[48],"a":[50,76,102],"broadly":[51],"scientific":[52],"picture":[53],"of":[54,78,84,104,114],"world.":[56],"paper":[58],"argues":[59],"there":[61],"good":[63],"reason\u2014grounded":[64],"in":[65,111],"empirical":[66,93],"data\u2014to":[67],"think":[68],"libertarianism":[70,99],"not":[75],"product":[77,103],"disinterested":[79],"reasoning":[80,106],"requirements":[83],"or":[88],"Instead,":[91],"both":[92],"conceptual":[95],"considerations":[96],"suggest":[97],"largely":[101],"motivated":[105],"by":[107],"theists,":[108],"i.e.,":[109],"believers":[110],"existence":[113],"God.":[115],"essay":[117],"develops":[118],"case":[120],"for":[121],"conclusion,":[123],"considers":[125],"consequences.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}