{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2278283001","doi":null,"title":"Dopamine and dopamine-quinones toxicity in Parkinson's disease: cellular models revealing a possible role for superoxide dismutases","display_name":"Dopamine and dopamine-quinones toxicity in Parkinson's disease: cellular models revealing a possible role for superoxide dismutases","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2278283001","mag":"2278283001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it:5917","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401344","display_name":"Padua@research (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057472686","display_name":"Rekha Cappellini","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rekha Cappellini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057472686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20563914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12187","display_name":"Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-toxicity","display_name":"dopamine toxicity","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-quinone","display_name":"dopamine quinone","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-dismutase","display_name":"superoxide dismutase","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-neurons","display_name":"dopaminergic neurons","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substantia-nigra-pars-compacta","display_name":"substantia nigra pars compacta","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lewy-bodies","display_name":"Lewy bodies","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-dysfunction","display_name":"mitochondrial dysfunction","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamine-oxidase","display_name":"monoamine oxidase","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aldehyde-dehydrogenase","display_name":"aldehyde dehydrogenase","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromelanin","display_name":"neuromelanin","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotoxicity","display_name":"neurotoxicity","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-models","display_name":"cell model","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.7903794646263123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775838275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776","display_name":"Superoxide dismutase","level":3,"score":0.7567183375358582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.6434614658355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4474048912525177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4452023208141327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.43040966987609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.42352044582366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3391503691673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.30713900923728943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2945707440376282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2927759885787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.25241410732269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.23328560590744019}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it:5917","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401344","display_name":"Padua@research (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3423418","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:2278283001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it:5917","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://paduaresearch.cab.unipd.it/5917/1/Cappellini_Rekha_tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401344","display_name":"Padua@research (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2278283001.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2278283001.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":147,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61136835","https://openalex.org/W62603772","https://openalex.org/W138616876","https://openalex.org/W1486228890","https://openalex.org/W1486829537","https://openalex.org/W1512509534","https://openalex.org/W1527671059","https://openalex.org/W1550876205","https://openalex.org/W1583495578","https://openalex.org/W1598487522","https://openalex.org/W1601209341","https://openalex.org/W1618846043","https://openalex.org/W1965778124","https://openalex.org/W1965942744","https://openalex.org/W1966748491","https://openalex.org/W1966982828","https://openalex.org/W1968942251","https://openalex.org/W1969280474","https://openalex.org/W1969580386","https://openalex.org/W1969800514","https://openalex.org/W1970687029","https://openalex.org/W1971389338","https://openalex.org/W1971434876","https://openalex.org/W1972070850","https://openalex.org/W1974924674","https://openalex.org/W1976679890","https://openalex.org/W1977154945","https://openalex.org/W1977869470","https://openalex.org/W1981614010","https://openalex.org/W1981695908","https://openalex.org/W1982535961","https://openalex.org/W1983968962","https://openalex.org/W1985769840","https://openalex.org/W1986216002","https://openalex.org/W1986608731","https://openalex.org/W1987820478","https://openalex.org/W1988089211","https://openalex.org/W1989754896","https://openalex.org/W1990115112","https://openalex.org/W1992604829","https://openalex.org/W1993250284","https://openalex.org/W1993721886","https://openalex.org/W1994640446","https://openalex.org/W1995129249","https://openalex.org/W1995551635","https://openalex.org/W1995577291","https://openalex.org/W1997047566","https://openalex.org/W1999215303","https://openalex.org/W1999385317","https://openalex.org/W1999969387","https://openalex.org/W2002036412","https://openalex.org/W2002116511","https://openalex.org/W2002506451","https://openalex.org/W2005024891","https://openalex.org/W2006059185","https://openalex.org/W2008158988","https://openalex.org/W2009706073","https://openalex.org/W2011850283","https://openalex.org/W2013608375","https://openalex.org/W2013734734","https://openalex.org/W2015116743","https://openalex.org/W2016104434","https://openalex.org/W2016344599","https://openalex.org/W2017621114","https://openalex.org/W2020879088","https://openalex.org/W2028661305","https://openalex.org/W2029242709","https://openalex.org/W2031091418","https://openalex.org/W2031315586","https://openalex.org/W2032028601","https://openalex.org/W2036328607","https://openalex.org/W2037434205","https://openalex.org/W2041913819","https://openalex.org/W2045306942","https://openalex.org/W2045416175","https://openalex.org/W2050625970","https://openalex.org/W2054848243","https://openalex.org/W2055308573","https://openalex.org/W2056365448","https://openalex.org/W2057793212","https://openalex.org/W2058209785","https://openalex.org/W2059351555","https://openalex.org/W2059983736","https://openalex.org/W2060112329","https://openalex.org/W2061183770","https://openalex.org/W2062583723","https://openalex.org/W2062906067","https://openalex.org/W2063127941","https://openalex.org/W2065123319","https://openalex.org/W2066430727","https://openalex.org/W2066842081","https://openalex.org/W2067038367","https://openalex.org/W2067340670","https://openalex.org/W2068521882","https://openalex.org/W2070046033","https://openalex.org/W2070766926","https://openalex.org/W2075843588","https://openalex.org/W2076344205","https://openalex.org/W2077260129","https://openalex.org/W2077697853","https://openalex.org/W2082077073","https://openalex.org/W2083595371","https://openalex.org/W2085818493","https://openalex.org/W2089425170","https://openalex.org/W2090098521","https://openalex.org/W2091265794","https://openalex.org/W2092725897","https://openalex.org/W2093244899","https://openalex.org/W2093888310","https://openalex.org/W2094478098","https://openalex.org/W2094655287","https://openalex.org/W2096298540","https://openalex.org/W2100594794","https://openalex.org/W2104831013","https://openalex.org/W2107977469","https://openalex.org/W2109326232","https://openalex.org/W2111682630","https://openalex.org/W2114443210","https://openalex.org/W2117742059","https://openalex.org/W2119508244","https://openalex.org/W2126549314","https://openalex.org/W2127537811","https://openalex.org/W2129551727","https://openalex.org/W2131522485","https://openalex.org/W2134295452","https://openalex.org/W2139233019","https://openalex.org/W2141410612","https://openalex.org/W2141966986","https://openalex.org/W2147993424","https://openalex.org/W2149024783","https://openalex.org/W2150656456","https://openalex.org/W2152165298","https://openalex.org/W2154761807","https://openalex.org/W2155395884","https://openalex.org/W2156951636","https://openalex.org/W2157611817","https://openalex.org/W2158480093","https://openalex.org/W2158649740","https://openalex.org/W2161549147","https://openalex.org/W2164710551","https://openalex.org/W2167557753","https://openalex.org/W2168208715","https://openalex.org/W2211987820","https://openalex.org/W2322123786","https://openalex.org/W2396560938","https://openalex.org/W2414629799","https://openalex.org/W2573367782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W173429929","https://openalex.org/W2952787896","https://openalex.org/W2290514286","https://openalex.org/W3112177194","https://openalex.org/W6920578402","https://openalex.org/W2092421966","https://openalex.org/W1539334271","https://openalex.org/W2093244899","https://openalex.org/W2068469496","https://openalex.org/W3142971551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson\u2019s":[0,877],"disease":[1,61,131,1031],"is":[2,23,62,87,145,245,258,278,299,444,609,669,909,948],"a":[3,107,146,251,356,376,492,521,647,737,804,829,867,952,992],"widespread":[4],"neurodegenerative":[5,1030],"disorder":[6],"that":[7,213,246,358,443,454,531,571,614,653,854,887,895,915,972,974,983,1010],"affect":[8],"2%":[9],"of":[10,16,20,27,37,43,57,82,129,152,162,169,177,207,217,238,271,291,313,364,373,390,406,417,426,440,446,450,475,483,505,508,512,611,621,626,636,642,658,664,686,700,743,752,769,781,812,818,823,912,922,935,961,969,978,1014],"the":[11,14,21,24,28,32,38,41,50,58,60,79,83,85,127,130,150,153,160,172,175,201,205,215,235,241,261,269,281,289,295,302,311,362,388,399,403,415,438,447,465,473,476,481,497,509,513,563,582,585,612,619,624,634,640,655,662,683,698,720,724,741,747,767,770,782,787,816,846,849,871,913,923,933,956,959,962,966,976,996,1000,1012,1015],"population":[12],"above":[13],"age":[15],"60.":[17],"The":[18,650,778,879],"hallmark":[19,504],"pathology":[22,924],"preferential":[25],"degeneration":[26],"dopaminergic":[29,239,873],"neurons":[30,52],"in":[31,49,78,98,101,126,204,260,265,562,618,681,740,766,806,815,870,876,927,1028],"substantia":[33],"nigra":[34],"pars":[35],"compacta":[36],"midbrain,":[39],"and":[40,75,97,100,112,120,174,189,223,263,307,317,392,410,434,457,534,548,623,629,667,689,691,723,746,750,793,797,810,826,860,889,901,919,925,944,958,999,1021],"presence":[42,439],"proteinaceous":[44],"inclusions":[45],"called":[46],"Lewy":[47],"bodies":[48],"surviving":[51],"(Braak":[53],"2004).":[54],"In":[55,845],"10%":[56],"cases,":[59],"linked":[63],"to":[64,157,182,193,301,328,343,361,422,544,560,574,577,603,633,661,671,674,697,759,764,840,885,932,945,950,954],"mutation":[65],"on":[66,396,402,469,786],"several":[67],"genes,":[68],"among":[69],"them":[70],"\u03b1-synuclein,":[71],"DJ-1,":[72],"PARKIN,":[73],"PINK1":[74],"LRRK2,":[76],"but":[77,464],"vast":[80],"majority":[81],"cases":[84],"aetiology":[86],"still":[88],"unknown":[89],"(sporadic":[90],"PD)":[91],"(Gwinn-Hardy":[92],"2002).":[93,199],"Post":[94],"mortem":[95],"studies":[96],"vitro":[99],"vivo":[102],"PD":[103,380],"model":[104,378],"have":[105,250,615,866,991],"revealed":[106,828],"possible":[108,771],"interconnection":[109],"between":[110,171,773],"genetic":[111,917],"sporadic":[113,920],"PD,":[114,622],"which":[115,424,938,946],"involves":[116],"both":[117,455,532,687,824],"mitochondrial":[118,643,701,721],"dysfunction":[119],"oxidative":[121,229,607,855,907,929,997],"stress":[122,144,230,608,856,908,998],"as":[123,186],"central":[124,252,868],"players":[125],"pathogenesis":[128,620],"(Gilgun-Sherki":[132],"Y.":[133],"et":[134,140,197],"al.":[135,141,198],"2001,":[136],"Mythri":[137],"R.":[138],"B.":[139],"2011).":[142],"Oxidative":[143],"condition":[147,168,1004],"characterized":[148],"by":[149,268,280,310,335,432,472,599,727,858,1006,1019],"inability":[151],"cellular":[154,183,377,397],"antioxidant":[155],"defences":[156],"cope":[158],"with":[159,485,567,584],"production":[161,173,635,641,663,699,809,934,977],"reactive":[163],"oxygen":[164,222],"species":[165],"(ROS).":[166],"This":[167],"unbalance":[170],"clearance":[176],"ROS":[178],"causes":[179],"irreversible":[180],"damage":[181],"components":[184],"such":[185],"lipids,":[187],"proteins":[188],"DNA,":[190],"leading":[191,602],"eventually":[192],"cell":[194,383,427,460,537,604,673,714,813,843,874,939,1002],"death":[195,237,428,461,538,715,728,814,940,1003],"(Lotharius":[196],"Among":[200],"enzymes":[202],"implicated":[203,617],"detoxification":[206],"ROS,":[208,637,936],"are":[209,558,719,896,942,984],"superoxide":[210,218,407,644,665,702,790,807,897,902,979],"dismutases":[211,408,791],"(SODs)":[212],"catalyze":[214],"dismutation":[216],"anion":[219,645,666,808,980],"into":[220,322],"molecular":[221],"hydrogen":[224,308],"peroxide":[225,309],"(Fridovich":[226],"1995).":[227],"Since":[228,606,906],"does":[231],"not":[232,333,597,838],"explain":[233],"alone":[234],"selectivity":[236],"neurons,":[240],"main":[242,850],"working":[243,851],"hypothesis":[244,852],"dopamine":[247,257,391,433,456,466,477,533,547,572,627,659,668,688,695,796,833,859,888,1020],"itself":[248],"could":[249,865,990,1023],"role.":[253],"Under":[254],"physiological":[255,296],"conditions,":[256],"synthesized":[259],"cytosol":[262],"stored":[264],"synaptic":[266],"vesicles":[267],"action":[270,312,474],"Vesicular":[272],"Monoamine":[273],"Transporter":[274],"(VMAT2)":[275],"where":[276,324],"it":[277,325],"stabilized":[279],"low":[282],"pH":[283],"(Erickson,":[284],"J.":[285,353],"D":[286],"1992).":[287],"If":[288,332],"amount":[290],"cytosolic":[292,338,694,819],"DA":[293,298,339,591,900],"exceeds":[294],"concentration,":[297],"metabolized":[300],"non-toxic":[303],"metabolite":[304],"3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic":[305],"acid":[306],"monoamine":[314],"oxidase":[315],"(MAO)":[316],"aldehyde":[318],"dehydrogenase,":[319],"or":[320,347,556,730],"sequestered":[321],"lysosomes":[323],"can":[326,340],"auto-oxidize":[327],"form":[329,918],"neuromelanin":[330],"(NM).":[331],"buffered":[334],"these":[336,367],"pathways,":[337],"be":[341],"oxidized":[342,394,862],"DA-quinone":[344],"(DAQs)":[345],"(spontaneously":[346],"enzymatically),":[348],"(Sulzer,":[349],"D.,":[350],"2000,":[351],"Elsworth,":[352],"D.":[354],"1997),":[355],"reaction":[357],"also":[359,501],"leads":[360,632,660,931],"formation":[363],"ROS.":[365],"On":[366],"premise,":[368],"we":[369,420,452,500,529,542,569,638,704,735],"evaluated":[370,502],"two":[371,708],"line":[372],"research":[374],"using":[375,519,646],"for":[379,437,524,789,899,904,987],"(SH":[381],"SY5Y":[382],"line):":[384],"one":[385,401,445,610,722,725,911],"concerning":[386],"about":[387],"effect":[389,831],"its":[393,470,579,676,861,928],"forms":[395,863,921],"viability,":[398],"second":[400,779],"potential":[404],"role":[405,788,805,869,994],"(1":[409],"2)":[411],"over":[412,967],"expression.":[413],"From":[414,732],"use":[416],"different":[418,709,713,775,892],"techniques":[419],"started":[421],"evaluate":[423,545,639],"kind":[425],"pathway":[429,499,894],"was":[430,596,784,853],"activated":[431,712,943],"DAQs.":[435,905],"Looking":[436],"nuclear":[441],"fragmentation,":[442],"later":[448],"stages":[449,511],"apoptosis,":[451],"determined":[453],"DAQs":[458,535,549,594,760,798,890,1022],"induce":[459,536],"via":[462,539],"apoptosis":[463,506],"toxicity":[467,552,580,595,684],"depends":[468],"internalization":[471],"transporter":[478],"(DAT),":[479],"since":[480,692,800],"pre-treatment":[482],"cells":[484,566,576,589,1025],"GBR":[486],"12909":[487],"(a":[488],"DAT":[489,586],"inhibitor)":[490],"had":[491],"rescue":[493,1024],"effect.":[494,677],"To":[495,678],"confirm":[496,530],"apoptotic":[498,514,893,1016],"another":[503],"(one":[507],"former":[510],"cascade):":[515],"phosphatidil-serine":[516],"externalization":[517],"(PS)":[518],"ANNEXIN-V-FLUOS;":[520],"specific":[522,648,872],"probe":[523],"PS.":[525],"Using":[526],"flow":[527],"cytometry":[528],"apoptosis.":[540],"Next":[541],"wanted":[543],"if":[546,706],"exert":[550,578,675],"their":[551],"from":[553,590,965,1026],"extracellular":[554],"environment":[555],"they":[557,836],"required":[559,670],"enter":[561,575,672],"cells.":[564],"Treating":[565],"GBR12909,":[568],"demonstrate":[570,652,971],"needs":[573],"(since":[581],"treatment":[583,601,761],"inhibitor":[587],"rescues":[588],"toxicity)":[592],"while":[593,835],"affected":[598],"this":[600,707,774,1029],"death.":[605,844],"mechanisms":[613],"been":[616],"chemistry":[625],"(auto-oxidation":[628],"enzyme-mediated":[630],"oxidation)":[631],"probe.":[649],"data":[651,734,802,880],"only":[654,693],"auto":[656],"oxidation":[657,710,776],"dissect":[679],"more":[680],"depth":[682],"mechanism":[685,914],"DAQs,":[690],"led":[696],"anion,":[703],"asked":[705],"processes":[711],"pathways":[716,941],"(the":[717],"major":[718],"mediated":[726],"receptor)":[729],"not.":[731],"preliminary":[733],"observed":[736],"marked":[738],"difference":[739],"activation":[742,1013],"caspase":[744],"3":[745],"subsequent":[748,1001],"cleavage":[749],"inactivation":[751],"Poly":[753],"(ADP)":[754],"ribose":[755],"polymerase":[756],"(PARP)":[757],"due":[758],"convincing":[762],"us":[763],"proceed":[765],"investigation":[768],"differences":[772],"processes.":[777],"part":[780],"work":[783,848],"focused":[785],"1":[792],"2":[794],"against":[795,832,995],"cytotoxicity":[799],"previous":[801],"demonstrated":[803],"induction":[811],"case":[817],"dopamine.":[820,1007],"Over":[821],"expression":[822,968],"SOD1":[825],"SOD2":[827],"protective":[830,993],"cytotoxity,":[834],"were":[837],"able":[839],"counteract":[841,955,975],"DAQs-induced":[842],"present":[847],"induced":[857,1005,1018],"accumulation":[864],"loss":[875],"disease.":[878],"obtained":[881],"so":[882],"far":[883],"seems":[884],"highlights":[886],"activates":[891],"anion-dependent":[898],"anion-independent":[903],"considered":[910],"interconnect":[916],"dopamine,":[926],"chemistry,":[930],"understanding":[937],"extent,":[947],"crucial":[949],"develop":[951],"therapy":[953],"start":[957],"progression":[960],"pathology.":[963],"Data":[964],"SODs":[970],"compounds":[973,1009],"(like":[981],"SOD-mimetics":[982],"currently":[985],"used":[986],"other":[988],"diseases)":[989],"Also":[1008],"block":[1011],"cascade":[1017],"dying":[1027]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}