{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2276801080","doi":null,"title":"THE DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF A REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY TO ASSESS rcDNA AND cccDNA PRODUCED BY HBV DURING INFECTION","display_name":"THE DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF A REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY TO ASSESS rcDNA AND cccDNA PRODUCED BY HBV DURING INFECTION","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2276801080","mag":"2276801080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/8576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072281030","display_name":"Kristie M. Bloom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5796-7720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5796-7720"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kristie Bloom","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5796-7720","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072281030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10966","display_name":"Liver physiology and pathology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b-virus","display_name":"hepatitis B virus","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covalently-closed-circular-dna","display_name":"covalently closed circular DNA","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxed-circular-dna","display_name":"relaxed circular DNA","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-pcr","display_name":"real-time PCR","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hepatitis-b","display_name":"chronic hepatitis B","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hbv-transgenic-mice","display_name":"HBV transgenic mice","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepg2-2-15-cells","display_name":"HepG2.2.15 cells","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-interference","display_name":"RNA interference","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-therapy-monitoring","display_name":"antiviral therapy monitoring","score":0.8870000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189490182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052153","display_name":"cccDNA","level":5,"score":0.8622187376022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.7111518383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48023723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856198","display_name":"Real-time polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.5898030996322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43491077423095703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39006805419921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3506276607513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.3325091600418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1681322157382965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777410769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282887","display_name":"HBsAg","level":4,"score":0.1678505837917328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.16088616847991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.07642459869384766}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/8576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2276801080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10539/8576/Kristie%20Bloom%20%280210575T%29%20MSc%20Dissertation%202010.pdf?sequence=2","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:wiredspace.wits.ac.za:10539/8576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8576","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400603","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","host_organization_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2276801080.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2276801080.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44468211","https://openalex.org/W55293628","https://openalex.org/W110277644","https://openalex.org/W115895949","https://openalex.org/W174311114","https://openalex.org/W179610685","https://openalex.org/W182994996","https://openalex.org/W205841661","https://openalex.org/W323537245","https://openalex.org/W1483780076","https://openalex.org/W1502882209","https://openalex.org/W1510252058","https://openalex.org/W1518586105","https://openalex.org/W1532532969","https://openalex.org/W1569235975","https://openalex.org/W1569806478","https://openalex.org/W1569947224","https://openalex.org/W1647075334","https://openalex.org/W1676377504","https://openalex.org/W1751218746","https://openalex.org/W1795551994","https://openalex.org/W1822042631","https://openalex.org/W1885980745","https://openalex.org/W1962682498","https://openalex.org/W1965075846","https://openalex.org/W1968390868","https://openalex.org/W1969732006","https://openalex.org/W1970122218","https://openalex.org/W1970596268","https://openalex.org/W1975584054","https://openalex.org/W1976097884","https://openalex.org/W1978240843","https://openalex.org/W1979925053","https://openalex.org/W1982255712","https://openalex.org/W1983596571","https://openalex.org/W1985636255","https://openalex.org/W1986114411","https://openalex.org/W1986443131","https://openalex.org/W1986655312","https://openalex.org/W1987051472","https://openalex.org/W1988817518","https://openalex.org/W1994881088","https://openalex.org/W1996791409","https://openalex.org/W1997047331","https://openalex.org/W1997549732","https://openalex.org/W1998956585","https://openalex.org/W2000984628","https://openalex.org/W2001526641","https://openalex.org/W2003692477","https://openalex.org/W2004742739","https://openalex.org/W2006000626","https://openalex.org/W2007902841","https://openalex.org/W2010338556","https://openalex.org/W2015823518","https://openalex.org/W2019122206","https://openalex.org/W2022227920","https://openalex.org/W2022955650","https://openalex.org/W2025951431","https://openalex.org/W2029191410","https://openalex.org/W2031174462","https://openalex.org/W2034440827","https://openalex.org/W2034800814","https://openalex.org/W2035845537","https://openalex.org/W2036404063","https://openalex.org/W2041059721","https://openalex.org/W2042719661","https://openalex.org/W2049375727","https://openalex.org/W2050717506","https://openalex.org/W2052178073","https://openalex.org/W2054984813","https://openalex.org/W2055177700","https://openalex.org/W2055270948","https://openalex.org/W2055818289","https://openalex.org/W2057262836","https://openalex.org/W2058085811","https://openalex.org/W2061734833","https://openalex.org/W2063295060","https://openalex.org/W2063450941","https://openalex.org/W2067408237","https://openalex.org/W2070589063","https://openalex.org/W2070606532","https://openalex.org/W2070751522","https://openalex.org/W2070889557","https://openalex.org/W2071476028","https://openalex.org/W2074276758","https://openalex.org/W2075221603","https://openalex.org/W2075498742","https://openalex.org/W2075595885","https://openalex.org/W2076244798","https://openalex.org/W2078828237","https://openalex.org/W2081350144","https://openalex.org/W2082505865","https://openalex.org/W2083781686","https://openalex.org/W2086221767","https://openalex.org/W2086714528","https://openalex.org/W2087564721","https://openalex.org/W2087944742","https://openalex.org/W2090113006","https://openalex.org/W2093604720","https://openalex.org/W2094608386","https://openalex.org/W2098459535","https://openalex.org/W2100187217","https://openalex.org/W2100711196","https://openalex.org/W2101273158","https://openalex.org/W2101749263","https://openalex.org/W2102199748","https://openalex.org/W2105270375","https://openalex.org/W2106841446","https://openalex.org/W2106995529","https://openalex.org/W2107057287","https://openalex.org/W2112049502","https://openalex.org/W2124731827","https://openalex.org/W2124886090","https://openalex.org/W2129570332","https://openalex.org/W2129923672","https://openalex.org/W2130270945","https://openalex.org/W2131288162","https://openalex.org/W2131529605","https://openalex.org/W2134595040","https://openalex.org/W2135638902","https://openalex.org/W2137248298","https://openalex.org/W2137926630","https://openalex.org/W2138825607","https://openalex.org/W2140481064","https://openalex.org/W2142786064","https://openalex.org/W2143026251","https://openalex.org/W2143780877","https://openalex.org/W2144351349","https://openalex.org/W2146138017","https://openalex.org/W2146181636","https://openalex.org/W2151471130","https://openalex.org/W2152378881","https://openalex.org/W2152664737","https://openalex.org/W2154097176","https://openalex.org/W2157098396","https://openalex.org/W2158228456","https://openalex.org/W2159712152","https://openalex.org/W2161589393","https://openalex.org/W2162089210","https://openalex.org/W2162903981","https://openalex.org/W2163216014","https://openalex.org/W2164578725","https://openalex.org/W2168544225","https://openalex.org/W2168685020","https://openalex.org/W2221693320","https://openalex.org/W2320147764","https://openalex.org/W2338794667","https://openalex.org/W2412219716","https://openalex.org/W2476944847","https://openalex.org/W2739535516","https://openalex.org/W7098124190"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146181636","https://openalex.org/W107334287","https://openalex.org/W2029599319","https://openalex.org/W2401049443","https://openalex.org/W133949209","https://openalex.org/W2057325846","https://openalex.org/W2367983103","https://openalex.org/W2381097232","https://openalex.org/W2339207478","https://openalex.org/W2930375836"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0],"hepatitis":[1],"B":[2],"virus":[3,27],"(HBV)":[4],"infection":[5,70],"is":[6,19,28,75,89,114],"endemic":[7],"to":[8,80,102,122,130,145,175,205,209,302],"sub-Saharan":[9],"Africa,":[10],"and":[11,30,44,61,132,168,274],"despite":[12],"the":[13,39,66,73,78,90,140,151,223,227,270],"\\navailability":[14],"of":[15,71,86,92,118,200,217,229,276,299],"anti-viral":[16],"agents,":[17],"there":[18],"currently":[20],"no":[21],"cure.":[22],"This":[23],"double":[24],"stranded":[25],"DNA":[26,48,59,159,198,219,286],"\\nhepatotropic,":[29],"active":[31],"viral":[32],"replication":[33],"results":[34,232],"in":[35,77,182,192,226],"two":[36],"genomic":[37],"equivalents,":[38],"relaxed":[40],"circular":[41,47],"\\nDNA":[42,279],"(rcDNA)":[43],"covalently":[45],"closed":[46],"(cccDNA).":[49],"The":[50,116,195],"virion":[51],"encapsulated":[52],"rcDNA":[53,74,141],"\\ncontains":[54],"a":[55,62,107,124,259,277],"partially":[56],"synthesised":[57],"positive":[58],"stand":[60],"gap":[63,142],"region":[64,153],"within":[65,97],"negative":[67],"strand.":[68],"\\nAfter":[69],"hepatocytes,":[72],"repaired":[76],"nucleus":[79],"form":[81,228],"cccDNA.":[82,135],"An":[83],"\\nimportant":[84],"objective":[85,117],"HBV":[87,104,134,156,171,197,218,248,263],"therapy":[88,304],"elimination":[91],"cccDNA,":[93],"as":[94,266],"its":[95],"persistence":[96],"\\nhepatocytes":[98],"has":[99],"been":[100],"attributed":[101],"chronic":[103],"infection.":[105],"Therefore":[106],"reliable":[108],"assay":[109,294],"for":[110,262,269],"this":[111,119,176,291],"\\nreplication":[112],"intermediate":[113],"crucial.":[115],"study":[120],"was":[121,160,179,187,203,220,225,241],"develop":[123],"method":[125],"based":[126],"\\non":[127],"real-time":[128],"PCR":[129,136,257],"detect":[131],"quantify":[133,154],"primers":[137,149],"which":[138],"flank":[139],"\\nwere":[143,233],"designed":[144],"amplify":[146],"cccDNA":[147,178,208,221,251,264],"whilst":[148,222],"flanking":[150],"pre-S1":[152],"total":[155],"\\nDNA.":[157],"Viral":[158],"extracted":[161],"from":[162,170],"HepG2.2.15":[163,213],"cells,":[164,214],"along":[165],"with":[166],"serum":[167,193],"livers":[169],"\\ntransgenic":[172],"mice.":[173],"According":[174],"assay,":[177],"readily":[180],"detectable":[181],"transgenic":[183,201],"mouse":[184],"\\nlivers,":[185],"but":[186],"present":[188],"at":[189],"low":[190],"concentrations":[191],"samples.":[194],"intrahepatic":[196],"\\nprofile":[199],"mice":[202],"found":[204],"be":[206],"40%":[207],"60%":[210],"rcDNA.":[211,230],"In":[212,289],"\\nonly":[215],"2%":[216],"majority":[224],"These":[231],"validated":[234],"using":[235],"non-radioactive":[236],"Southern":[237],"blothybridisation.":[238],"Additionally,":[239],"it":[240,267],"established":[242,250],"that":[243],"although":[244],"RNAi-based":[245],"effecters":[246],"inhibit":[247],"replication,":[249],"\\npools":[252],"were":[253],"not":[254],"eliminated.":[255],"Real-time":[256],"provides":[258],"convenient":[260],"platform":[261],"\\ndetection":[265],"allows":[268],"rapid":[271],"simultaneous":[272],"amplification":[273],"quantification":[275],"specific":[278,285],"target":[280],"through":[281],"either":[282],"non-specific":[283],"or":[284],"detection":[287],"chemistries.":[288],"conclusion,":[290],"\\nHBV":[292],"qPCR":[293],"should":[295],"enable":[296],"improved":[297],"monitoring":[298],"patients\u2019":[300],"responses":[301],"antiviral":[303]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
