{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2275979355","doi":null,"title":"Moral Mental States: Four Methods in Metaethics","display_name":"Moral Mental States: Four Methods in Metaethics","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2275979355","mag":"2275979355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:academicworks.cuny.edu:gc_etds-2514","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","pdf_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196304","display_name":"CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","host_organization_name":"City University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects","raw_type":"doctoral_dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077497779","display_name":"Chris Alen Sula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7009","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7009"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Alen Sula","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077497779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14092","display_name":"Ethics, Aesthetics, and Art","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaethics","display_name":"metaethics","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-realism","display_name":"moral realism","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-constructivism","display_name":"moral constructivism","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expressivism","display_name":"expressivism","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasi-realism","display_name":"quasi-realism","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactionism","display_name":"interactionism","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfaction-conditions","display_name":"satisfaction conditions","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-content","display_name":"moral content","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-justification","display_name":"moral justification","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-knowledge","display_name":"moral knowledge","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46103549003601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4418773949146271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.368761271238327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3128954768180847}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:academicworks.cuny.edu:gc_etds-2514","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","pdf_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196304","display_name":"CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","host_organization_name":"City University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects","raw_type":"doctoral_dissertation"},{"id":"mag:2275979355","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2514&context=gc_etds","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:academicworks.cuny.edu:gc_etds-2514","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","pdf_url":"https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1484","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196304","display_name":"CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","host_organization_name":"City University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects","raw_type":"doctoral_dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2275979355.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2275979355.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":99,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35970618","https://openalex.org/W149865506","https://openalex.org/W154779631","https://openalex.org/W163121798","https://openalex.org/W578909838","https://openalex.org/W613581896","https://openalex.org/W648244534","https://openalex.org/W962934068","https://openalex.org/W1485617199","https://openalex.org/W1516748551","https://openalex.org/W1547398816","https://openalex.org/W1548912413","https://openalex.org/W1549587997","https://openalex.org/W1553549402","https://openalex.org/W1586394940","https://openalex.org/W1592649896","https://openalex.org/W1599073694","https://openalex.org/W1698401853","https://openalex.org/W1804524409","https://openalex.org/W1872053182","https://openalex.org/W1916693751","https://openalex.org/W1934703699","https://openalex.org/W1966879199","https://openalex.org/W1969317601","https://openalex.org/W1974525874","https://openalex.org/W1974609519","https://openalex.org/W1977646062","https://openalex.org/W1981755146","https://openalex.org/W1985611907","https://openalex.org/W1986866142","https://openalex.org/W1987789700","https://openalex.org/W1987790928","https://openalex.org/W1993393785","https://openalex.org/W1994163720","https://openalex.org/W1995957835","https://openalex.org/W1998405198","https://openalex.org/W2000446660","https://openalex.org/W2000505772","https://openalex.org/W2002070057","https://openalex.org/W2012344387","https://openalex.org/W2013847765","https://openalex.org/W2018395480","https://openalex.org/W2018528947","https://openalex.org/W2022214330","https://openalex.org/W2023304424","https://openalex.org/W2024405378","https://openalex.org/W2025862296","https://openalex.org/W2027093140","https://openalex.org/W2034426409","https://openalex.org/W2044859857","https://openalex.org/W2047735993","https://openalex.org/W2049922278","https://openalex.org/W2057816268","https://openalex.org/W2059075036","https://openalex.org/W2062078301","https://openalex.org/W2062166931","https://openalex.org/W2070332757","https://openalex.org/W2071294820","https://openalex.org/W2071834027","https://openalex.org/W2074229945","https://openalex.org/W2077128566","https://openalex.org/W2079298103","https://openalex.org/W2084987477","https://openalex.org/W2088724026","https://openalex.org/W2109334311","https://openalex.org/W2115992100","https://openalex.org/W2119467437","https://openalex.org/W2123742276","https://openalex.org/W2123791568","https://openalex.org/W2125299127","https://openalex.org/W2130041324","https://openalex.org/W2131856109","https://openalex.org/W2138940003","https://openalex.org/W2154870128","https://openalex.org/W2161899020","https://openalex.org/W2166169219","https://openalex.org/W2170277159","https://openalex.org/W2171130871","https://openalex.org/W2171435542","https://openalex.org/W2251410821","https://openalex.org/W2314781201","https://openalex.org/W2319203518","https://openalex.org/W2325244103","https://openalex.org/W2328754277","https://openalex.org/W2331313805","https://openalex.org/W2332255855","https://openalex.org/W2339007761","https://openalex.org/W2485891783","https://openalex.org/W2503180071","https://openalex.org/W2505932473","https://openalex.org/W2615386569","https://openalex.org/W2795677443","https://openalex.org/W2796528567","https://openalex.org/W2798356456","https://openalex.org/W3022505569","https://openalex.org/W3027295523","https://openalex.org/W3120929745","https://openalex.org/W4244047185","https://openalex.org/W4252893472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310728660","https://openalex.org/W7097053882","https://openalex.org/W4232029520","https://openalex.org/W2138822362","https://openalex.org/W2941036166","https://openalex.org/W6720566","https://openalex.org/W3005798525","https://openalex.org/W2231842856","https://openalex.org/W4255018599","https://openalex.org/W2283486820"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Metaethics":[0],"has":[1],"traditionally":[2],"focused":[3],"on":[4,24,196,247],"the":[5,10,16,25,90,97,138,170,173,197,204,218],"meaning":[6,36],"of":[7,12,18,29,129,137,150,172,203,213,270,281],"moral":[8,13,19,32,39,81,151,167,188,205,222],"statements,":[9],"referents":[11],"terms,":[14],"and":[15,37,59,74,118,120,154,233,239,275,285],"justification":[17],"claims.":[20],"This":[21],"dissertation":[22],"focuses":[23],"thoughts":[26],"in":[27,76,99,124,141,211,277],"virtue":[28],"which":[30],"our":[31,38,80,166,251,283],"statements":[33],"have":[34,41,272],"their":[35,42,122],"claims":[40],"content.":[43],"These":[44],"\"moral":[45],"mental":[46,82,152,189,206],"states,\"":[47],"as":[48,55,67,181,267],"I":[49,109,133,255],"call":[50],"them,":[51],"are":[52,84,93,224],"best":[53],"understood":[54],"having":[56,68],"both":[57,72,127],"intentional":[58],"volitional":[60],"aspects":[61],"and,":[62],"corresponding":[63],"to":[64,226,244],"each":[65],"aspect,":[66],"satisfaction":[69,131],"conditions":[70],"involving":[71],"correctness":[73],"success":[75],"action.":[77],"Put":[78],"simply,":[79],"states":[83,153],"not":[85],"only":[86],"responsible":[87,94],"for":[88,95,126,220,228,253],"changing":[89,96],"world;":[91],"they":[92,175],"world":[98],"better":[100],"ways,":[101],"rather":[102],"than":[103],"worse":[104],"ones.":[105],"Using":[106],"this":[107,180,214],"framework,":[108],"examine":[110],"three":[111,259],"current":[112],"metaethical":[113],"frameworks":[114],"(moral":[115],"realism,":[116],"constructivism,":[117],"expressivism/quasi-realism)":[119],"assess":[121],"adequacy":[123],"accounting":[125],"kinds":[128],"these":[130],"conditions.":[132],"argue":[134],"that":[135,186,249,262,264],"none":[136],"approaches":[139],"succeeds":[140],"meeting":[142],"basic":[143],"constraints":[144],"imposed":[145],"by":[146,257],"a":[147,187,236,268,278],"robust":[148],"view":[149,158],"propose":[155],"my":[156,161],"own":[157],"(interactionism).":[159],"On":[160],"account,":[162],"we":[163,240,265],"often":[164],"change":[165],"stances":[168],"once":[169],"outcomes":[171],"plans":[174],"recommend":[176],"becomes":[177],"known.":[178],"Taking":[179],"its":[182],"basis,":[183],"interactionism":[184],"holds":[185],"state":[190,207],"is":[191],"correct":[192],"or":[193,201],"incorrect":[194],"based":[195],"content":[198,223],"(roughly,":[199],"approval":[200],"disapproval)":[202],"one":[208],"would":[209],"hold":[210],"light":[212],"improved":[215],"information.":[216],"Accordingly,":[217],"procedures":[219],"confirming":[221,229],"similar":[225],"those":[227],"scientific":[230],"content:":[231],"hypotheses":[232,261],"observations":[234],"play":[235],"central":[237],"role,":[238],"must":[241],"occasionally":[242],"defer":[243],"other":[245],"inquirers":[246],"issues":[248],"exceed":[250],"capacity":[252],"investigation.":[254],"conclude":[256],"presenting":[258],"empirical":[260],"claim":[263],"do,":[266],"matter":[269],"course,":[271],"other-regarding":[273,286],"interests":[274,287],"that,":[276],"significant":[279],"number":[280],"cases,":[282],"self-regarding":[284],"overlap.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}