{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2274898893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3660.6402","title":"Neural networks for modelling the final target cost of water projects.","display_name":"Neural networks for modelling the final target cost of water projects.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2274898893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3660.6402","mag":"2274898893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/6550","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055182","display_name":"ERA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007984091","display_name":"Dominic Doe Ahiaga-Dagbui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-9191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-9191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahiaga-Dagbui, Dominic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101574757","display_name":"Simon David Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-6471","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-6471"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Smith, Simon D","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9915,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95979579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"307","last_page":"316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-projects","display_name":"water projects","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-cost-overruns","display_name":"construction cost overruns","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-cost","display_name":"target cost","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-estimation-model","display_name":"cost estimation model","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-decay-regularization","display_name":"weight decay regularization","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-transformation","display_name":"change of variables","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-planning","display_name":"project planning","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93983250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795053","display_name":"Cost estimate","level":2,"score":0.7255213856697083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6908699870109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5274249315261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.4867362976074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15716912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5174768","display_name":"Cost database","level":2,"score":0.48447656631469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47997045516967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46234646439552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201650216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829492","display_name":"Procurement","level":2,"score":0.4562562108039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44815149903297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27759463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5174763","display_name":"Cost contingency","level":4,"score":0.4402669072151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.43081605434417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.41376906633377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3673474192619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.33861494064331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31296396255493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96814336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443008","display_name":"Cost engineering","level":3,"score":0.21213889122009277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17124056816101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.163456529378891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12465831637382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10051509737968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/6550","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055182","display_name":"ERA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20856745","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Neural_networks_for_modelling_the_final_target_cost_of_water_projects/20856745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:openaire/9ea4183d-ed7a-41cb-80b0-4a373da4a56f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/9ea4183d-ed7a-41cb-80b0-4a373da4a56f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400321","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","host_organization_name":"University of Edinburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ahiaga-Dagbui, D & Smith, S 2012, Neural networks for modelling the final target cost of water projects. in S Smith (ed.), Proceedings 28th Annual ARCOM Conference. pp. 307-316, 28th Annual ARCOM Conference, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3/09/12. < http://www.arcom.ac.uk/-docs/proceedings/ar2012-0307-0316_Ahiaga-Dagbui_Smith.pdf >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.13140/2.1.3660.6402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3660.6402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.3660.6402","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2274898893","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.arcom.ac.uk/-docs/proceedings/ar2012-0307-0316_Ahiaga-Dagbui_Smith.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/6550","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055182","display_name":"ERA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2274898893.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2274898893.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W596681793","https://openalex.org/W1518688352","https://openalex.org/W1553495089","https://openalex.org/W1984586132","https://openalex.org/W1984710451","https://openalex.org/W1985546543","https://openalex.org/W1985723273","https://openalex.org/W1999707791","https://openalex.org/W2002276505","https://openalex.org/W2012941781","https://openalex.org/W2014729370","https://openalex.org/W2020177625","https://openalex.org/W2021276599","https://openalex.org/W2033809335","https://openalex.org/W2036306002","https://openalex.org/W2054448874","https://openalex.org/W2064820716","https://openalex.org/W2082371919","https://openalex.org/W2087122156","https://openalex.org/W2109563136","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2169177719","https://openalex.org/W2248773947","https://openalex.org/W2254912801","https://openalex.org/W3159378964"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148340207","https://openalex.org/W940655829","https://openalex.org/W3113189508","https://openalex.org/W2979745608","https://openalex.org/W13610302","https://openalex.org/W4285142956","https://openalex.org/W2374206456","https://openalex.org/W651736762","https://openalex.org/W1571967612","https://openalex.org/W7096328875"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Producing":[0],"reasonably":[1],"accurate":[2],"cost":[3,31,66,89,95,118,125],"estimates":[4],"at":[5,182],"the":[6,14,18,30,55,94,100,142,153,165,168,183,187],"planning":[7,184],"stage":[8],"of":[9,17,33,36,50,75,97,99,128,149],"a":[10,34,147,150,192,197],"project":[11,65],"important":[12],"for":[13,122,186],"subsequent":[15],"success":[16],"project.":[19],"The":[20,68],"estimator":[21],"has":[22,61],"to":[23,26,86,140,163],"be":[24],"able":[25],"make":[27],"judgement":[28],"on":[29,107],"influence":[32],"number":[35],"factors":[37,101],"including":[38],"site":[39],"conditions,":[40],"procurement,":[41],"risks,":[42],"price":[43],"changes,":[44],"likely":[45],"scope":[46],"changes":[47],"or":[48,180],"type":[49],"contract.":[51],"This":[52],"can":[53],"shroud":[54],"estimation":[56,90],"process":[57],"in":[58,64,82,113],"uncertainty,":[59],"which":[60],"often":[62],"resulted":[63],"overruns.":[67],"knowledge":[69],"acquisition,":[70],"generalization":[71],"and":[72,126,133,171,196],"forecasting":[73],"capabilities":[74],"Artificial":[76],"Neural":[77],"Networks":[78],"(ANN)":[79],"are":[80],"explored":[81,139],"this":[83],"pilot":[84],"study":[85],"build":[87],"final":[88,143,154,172],"models":[91,119],"that":[92],"incorporate":[93],"effect":[96],"some":[98],"mentioned":[102],"above.":[103],"Data":[104],"was":[105,157],"collected":[106],"ninety-eight":[108],"water-related":[109],"construction":[110],"projects":[111],"completed":[112],"Scotland":[114],"between":[115,167],"2007-2011.":[116],"Separate":[117],"were":[120,137,189],"developed":[121],"normalized":[123],"target":[124,129],"log":[127],"costs.":[130],"Variable":[131],"transformation":[132],"weight":[134],"decay":[135],"regularization":[136],"then":[138],"improve":[141],"model\u2019s":[144,155],"performance.":[145],"As":[146],"prototype":[148],"wider":[151],"research,":[152],"performance":[156],"very":[158],"satisfactory,":[159],"demonstrating":[160],"ANN":[161],"ability":[162],"capture":[164],"interactions":[166],"predictor":[169],"variables":[170],"cost.":[173],"Ten":[174],"input":[175],"variables,":[176],"all":[177],"readily":[178],"available":[179],"measurable":[181],"stages":[185],"project,":[188],"used":[190],"within":[191],"Multilayer":[193],"Perceptron":[194],"Architecture":[195],"Quasi-Newton":[198],"training":[199],"algorithm.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
