{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2274641465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","title":"Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Control, Forage Production, and Economic Return with Fall-Applied Herbicides","display_name":"Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Control, Forage Production, and Economic Return with Fall-Applied Herbicides","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2274641465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","mag":"2274641465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128479783","display_name":"Weed Technology","issn_l":"0890-037X","issn":["0890-037X","1550-2740"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weed Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034528948","display_name":"Rodney G. Lym","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney G. Lym","raw_affiliation_strings":["N.D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N.D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113556788","display_name":"Calvin G. Messersmith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57328836","display_name":"North Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1bnb22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Calvin G. Messersmith","raw_affiliation_strings":["N.D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N.D. State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57328836"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5234,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81432728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"824","last_page":"829"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13591","display_name":"Pasture and Agricultural Systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leafy-spurge","display_name":"Euphorbia esula","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-rotation","display_name":"herbicide rotation","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dicamba","display_name":"dicamba","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picloram","display_name":"picloram","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-d","display_name":"2,4-D","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glyphosate","display_name":"glyphosate","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-grass-prairie","display_name":"mixed-grass prairie","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forage-production","display_name":"forage production","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-returns","display_name":"economic returns","score":0.8820000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424662","display_name":"Picloram","level":2,"score":0.9258155822753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424684","display_name":"Dicamba","level":3,"score":0.9113578796386719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7670197486877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778053677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30121","display_name":"Pasture","level":2,"score":0.7568726539611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.6847401857376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407232","display_name":"Glyphosate","level":2,"score":0.5624576807022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781451354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508901","display_name":"Leafy","level":2,"score":0.5363717079162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5112762451171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.43153905868530273}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002875x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128479783","display_name":"Weed Technology","issn_l":"0890-037X","issn":["0890-037X","1550-2740"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weed Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W232290069","https://openalex.org/W1010937743","https://openalex.org/W1011578865","https://openalex.org/W1454926625","https://openalex.org/W1877222156","https://openalex.org/W1997017680","https://openalex.org/W2507454660","https://openalex.org/W2609791889","https://openalex.org/W3124734953","https://openalex.org/W6626389420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W992860479","https://openalex.org/W2507454660","https://openalex.org/W7057897432","https://openalex.org/W232290069","https://openalex.org/W1454926625","https://openalex.org/W7067031785","https://openalex.org/W3194982648","https://openalex.org/W1508161720","https://openalex.org/W1587728467","https://openalex.org/W7056700044"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leafy":[0],"spurge":[1,51,97],"control":[2,52,98],"and":[3,18],"forage":[4,58,118],"production":[5,59,119],"after":[6,99,140],"various":[7],"fall-applied":[8],"herbicide":[9],"treatment":[10,160],"rotations":[11,161],"were":[12],"evaluated":[13],"in":[14,171],"a":[15,19,134,175],"bluegrass":[16,64,104,131],"pasture":[17,65,132],"mixed":[20,69,113,150],"grass":[21,70,114,151,183],"prairie.":[22],"Dicamba":[23],"at":[24,30,39,62,76,102,111,148],"2":[25],"kg":[26,32,41,80],"ae/ha":[27,33,42,81],"or":[28,35,55,84,90,94,109,144,168],"picloram":[29,87,145],"0.6":[31],"alone":[34],"combined":[36],"with":[37,86],"2,4-D":[38,75,89,147,166],"1":[40],"applied":[43,82],"annually":[44,83],"for":[45],"3":[46,100,141,172],"yr":[47,101,173],"provided":[48,92,133,154],"consistent":[49],"leafy":[50,96],"of":[53,178],"85%":[54],"better,":[56],"but":[57,159],"was":[60,107,120],"greater":[61],"the":[63,68,103,112,130,149],"site":[66,116,153],"than":[67],"prairie":[71,115,152],"site.":[72],"Glyphosate":[73],"plus":[74,78,88,125,146,165],"0.4":[77],"0.7":[79],"rotated":[85],"dicamba":[91],"90%":[93],"better":[95],"pasture.":[105],"Control":[106],"50%":[108],"less":[110],"where":[117],"severely":[121],"reduced":[122],"by":[123],"glyphosate":[124,164],"2,4-D.":[126],"All":[127],"treatments":[128],"on":[129],"positive":[135],"economic":[136],"return":[137],"averaging":[138,157],"$227/ha":[139],"yr.":[142],"Picloram":[143],"net":[155,176],"returns":[156],"$285/ha,":[158],"that":[162],"included":[163],"one":[167],"more":[169],"times":[170],"averaged":[174],"loss":[177],"$32/ha":[179],"due":[180],"to":[181],"severe":[182],"injury.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}