{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2269815116","doi":null,"title":"Integrated Weed Control in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)","display_name":"Integrated Weed Control in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2269815116","mag":"2269815116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2269815116","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijws&volume=27&issue=3and4&article=006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764448922","display_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","issn_l":"0253-8040","issn":["0253-8040","0974-8164"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113251","host_organization_name":"Indian Society of Weed science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113251"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society of Weed science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102808418","display_name":"Amandeep Singh Brar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-8869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-8869"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amandeep Singh Brar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9888-8869","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055243427","display_name":"R. J. S. Thind","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. J. S. Thind","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008348584","display_name":"L. S. Brar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. S. Brar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":null,"first_page":"138","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gossypium-hirsutum","display_name":"Gossypium hirsutum","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pendimethalin","display_name":"pendimethalin","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"pre-emergence herbicides","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trianthema-portulacastrum","display_name":"Trianthema portulacastrum","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eleusine-indica","display_name":"Eleusine indica","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-density","display_name":"weed density","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-dry-matter","display_name":"weed dry matter","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-cotton-yield","display_name":"seed cotton yield","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hoeing","display_name":"hoeing","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-weed-management","display_name":"integrated weed management","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punjab-india","display_name":"Punjab, India","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ludhiana","display_name":"Ludhiana","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-dose","display_name":"herbicide dose","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778302866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423895","display_name":"Pendimethalin","level":3,"score":0.9453417658805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.6983259916305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140505726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495304","display_name":"Forensic science","level":2,"score":0.6319419145584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.6315978169441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5609949827194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.5534720420837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777995166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148930","display_name":"Eleusine indica","level":3,"score":0.5439131855964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.5240985155105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153136566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3631460","display_name":"Kharif crop","level":3,"score":0.48278987407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393855","display_name":"Dry matter","level":2,"score":0.471016526222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993788577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133481","display_name":"Gossypium hirsutum","level":2,"score":0.44262686371803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.41576358675956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.40491044521331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3481305241584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.34012937545776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21620392799377441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2269815116","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijws&volume=27&issue=3and4&article=006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764448922","display_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","issn_l":"0253-8040","issn":["0253-8040","0974-8164"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113251","host_organization_name":"Indian Society of Weed science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113251"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society of Weed science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2287933719","https://openalex.org/W2139632640","https://openalex.org/W4405478420","https://openalex.org/W2955480327","https://openalex.org/W2114433496","https://openalex.org/W2188176675","https://openalex.org/W2967290861","https://openalex.org/W2281524962","https://openalex.org/W2776744232","https://openalex.org/W261202888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"experimentswere":[1],"conducted":[2],"at":[3,29,37,114],"Punjab":[4],"Agricultural":[5],"University,":[6],"Ludhianaand":[7],"Cotton":[8],"Research":[9],"Station,":[10],"Abohar":[11,115],"during":[12],"the":[13,43,52,104,241],"khartf":[14],"seasons":[15],"of":[16,48,80,95,155,171,177,199,210,227,243],"1989":[17],"and":[18,31,45,50,74,78,88,98,122,133,138,144,193,202,213,247,253],"1990.":[19],"Predominant":[20],"weeds":[21,49,156,249],"were":[22],"Trianthema":[23],"portulacastrum":[24,82,252],"(40.7":[25],"-":[26,35],"91.S":[27],"%)":[28],"Ludhiana":[30],"Eleusine":[32],"indica":[33,255],"(33.6":[34],"60.9%)":[36],"Abopar.":[38],"Ail":[39],"treatments":[40],"significantly":[41],"reduced":[42,68,161],"population":[44,60],"dry":[46,153],"matter":[47,154],"increased":[51,183],"seed":[53,180],"cotton":[54,181],"yield.":[55],"At":[56],"Ludhiana,":[57],"total":[58,126],"weed":[59,109],"recorded":[61,111,157],"30":[62,112,236],"days":[63],"after":[64],"sowing":[65],"(DAS)":[66],"was":[67,116,160],"from":[69,83,117,128,139,162,184],"47.5":[70],"to":[71,85,119,130,141,168,190],"20.6,":[72],"12.9":[73],"13.2":[75],"plants/0.25":[76,90],"m2":[77,91,147],"that":[79,224],"T.":[81,136,251],"44.0":[84],"14.5,":[86],"9.4":[87],"7.8":[89],"with":[92,174,196],"pre-emergence":[93],"application":[94,226],"0.75,":[96,200],"1.50":[97,201],"2.25":[99,203],"kg":[100,204],"pendimethalin/ha,":[101],"respectively.":[102,151,217],"With":[103],"same":[105],"treatments,":[106],"reduction":[107],"in":[108,125,148,165,187,256],"density":[110],"DAS":[113,159,237],"61.8":[118],"16.8,":[120],"13.0":[121],"9.2":[123],"plants/m2":[124],"weeds,":[127],"6.8":[129],"4.6,":[131],"3.3":[132],"1.9/0.25":[134],"m2in":[135],"portulacastrum,":[137],"54.0":[140],"14.0,":[142],"13.1":[143],"9.2,":[145],"0.25":[146],"E.":[149,254],"indica,":[150],"Mean":[152],"60":[158],"3035":[163],"kg/ha":[164,173,186,195,231],"unweeded":[166,188],"check":[167,189],"a":[169],"range":[170],"342\u20131262":[172],"different":[175,197],"combinations":[176,198],"pendimethalin.":[178],"Consequently,":[179],"yield":[182],"1411":[185],"2061,":[191],"2129":[192],"1991":[194],"pendimethalin/ha":[205],"thus":[206],"registering":[207],"an":[208],"increase":[209],"46,":[211],"51":[212],"41":[214],"per":[215],"cent,":[216],"In":[218],"conclusion,":[219],"it":[220],"can":[221],"be":[222],"stated":[223],"pre-mergence":[225],"pendimethalin":[228],"@":[229],"1.5":[230],"followed":[232],"by":[233],"one":[234],"hoeing":[235],"is":[238],"effective":[239],"for":[240],"control":[242],"annual":[244],"broad":[245],"leaf":[246],"grassy":[248],"like":[250],"American":[257],"cotton.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}