{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2268166380","doi":null,"title":"Medical malpractice: impact of the crisis and effect of state tort reforms.","display_name":"Medical malpractice: impact of the crisis and effect of state tort reforms.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2268166380","mag":"2268166380","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22051629"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:22051629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22051629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022298557","display_name":"Michelle M. Mello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-4270","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2877-4270"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michelle M Mello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University School of Public Health","Stanford Law School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University School of Public Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Law School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Claudia H Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia H Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022298557"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.5234,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99374816,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"10","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12339","display_name":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12339","display_name":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11762","display_name":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-malpractice","display_name":"medical malpractice","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tort-reform","display_name":"tort reform","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malpractice-insurance-premiums","display_name":"malpractice insurance premiums","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malpractice-awards","display_name":"malpractice awards","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-and-several-liability","display_name":"joint and several liability","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statute-of-limitations","display_name":"statute of limitations","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-supply","display_name":"physician supply","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defensive-medicine","display_name":"defensive medicine","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-crisis","display_name":"economic crisis","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776798817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318836","display_name":"Malpractice","level":2,"score":0.8404364585876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57017900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827280","display_name":"Tort reform","level":4,"score":0.8379437327384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200635333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158970","display_name":"Tort","level":3,"score":0.7045241594314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514090530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2565355","display_name":"Medical malpractice","level":3,"score":0.6785930395126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160148523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3853769","display_name":"Defensive medicine","level":4,"score":0.572382926940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778300220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114380","display_name":"Financial crisis","level":2,"score":0.5278655886650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5065978765487671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.48373153805732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.481148362159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3551011085510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.28718727827072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2512456178665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.17234009504318237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.16389566659927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.11946731805801392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.07757583260536194}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:22051629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22051629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:harvest.issuelab.org:6578","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://issuelab.org/permalink/resource/6578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196281","display_name":"Issue Lab (Candid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144560","host_organization_name":"Candid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144560"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"mag:3125089781","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22051629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6207000017166138}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2144849705","https://openalex.org/W2409892903","https://openalex.org/W4239001452","https://openalex.org/W2943814583","https://openalex.org/W2968437765","https://openalex.org/W2171203902","https://openalex.org/W3126038510","https://openalex.org/W3081093596","https://openalex.org/W3009660848","https://openalex.org/W3092072473"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,60,120],"result":[2],"of":[3,12,35,50,94,152],"rapidly":[4],"rising":[5],"medical":[6,29],"malpractice":[7,30,51,64,123],"insurance":[8,65],"premiums,":[9],"reduced":[10],"availability":[11],"coverage,":[13],"and":[14,32,58,125,142],"financially":[15],"distressed":[16],"liability":[17],"insurers,":[18],"many":[19],"states":[20],"have":[21,59,100],"passed":[22],"tort":[23,37],"reforms.":[24,38],"This":[25],"synthesis":[26],"examines":[27],"the":[28,33,47,73,108,150],"\"\"crisis\"\"":[31],"effect":[34],"state":[36,85],"Evidence":[39],"shows":[40],"that":[41,72,110,117,132],"caps":[42],"on":[43,63],"non-economic":[44],"damages":[45],"reduce":[46],"average":[48],"size":[49],"awards":[52],"by":[53,81],"20":[54],"to":[55,90,144,157],"30":[56],"percent":[57],"modest":[61],"impact":[62,151],"premium":[66],"growth":[67],"There":[68,128],"is":[69,119,129,155],"also":[70],"evidence":[71],"most":[74],"severely":[75],"injured":[76],"patients":[77],"are":[78],"disproportionately":[79],"affected":[80],"caps,":[82],"however.":[83],"Other":[84],"reforms":[86],"such":[87],"as":[88],"changes":[89],"joint-and-several":[91],"liability,":[92,148],"statutes":[93],"limitations,":[95],"or":[96],"attorney":[97],"contingency":[98],"fees":[99],"had":[101],"little":[102],"impact.":[103],"Studies":[104],"do":[105],"not":[106],"support":[107],"notion":[109],"overall":[111],"physician":[112,126],"supply":[113],"has":[114],"decreased,":[115],"nor":[116],"there":[118],"relationship":[121],"between":[122],"cost":[124],"supply.":[127],"\"\"good":[130],"evidence\"\"":[131],"doctors":[133],"\"\"often\"\"":[134],"engage":[135],"in":[136],"defensive":[137],"medicine,":[138],"ordering":[139],"referrals,":[140],"medications":[141],"tests":[143],"protect":[145],"themselves":[146],"from":[147],"but":[149],"this":[153],"practice":[154],"difficult":[156],"quantify.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}