{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2267416293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2267416293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","mag":"2267416293","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7647042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91771295","display_name":"Violence and Victims","issn_l":"0886-6708","issn":["0886-6708","1945-7073"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Violence and Victims","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079560344","display_name":"Anthony J. Urquiza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Urquiza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Child Protection Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Child Protection Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064875270","display_name":"Gail E. Wyatt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2630-1480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2630-1480"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gail E. Wyatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California, Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086201794","display_name":"Maria P. P. Root","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria P.P. Root","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private Practice Seattle, WA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private Practice Seattle, WA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"203","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.353066086769104}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003431","descriptor_name":"Cross-Cultural Comparison","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008913","descriptor_name":"Minority Groups","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013179","descriptor_name":"Spouse Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013179","descriptor_name":"Spouse Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013179","descriptor_name":"Spouse Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044465","descriptor_name":"White People","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.9.3.203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91771295","display_name":"Violence and Victims","issn_l":"0886-6708","issn":["0886-6708","1945-7073"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Violence and Victims","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7647042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7647042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Violence and victims","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4243585622","https://openalex.org/W2208631303","https://openalex.org/W3003595148","https://openalex.org/W4250425833","https://openalex.org/W4230734011","https://openalex.org/W4249543860","https://openalex.org/W2243371305","https://openalex.org/W4254097892","https://openalex.org/W2437997247","https://openalex.org/W144656704"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}