{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2266833112","doi":null,"title":"Review of current palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment methods: vermicomposting as a sustainable practice.","display_name":"Review of current palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment methods: vermicomposting as a sustainable practice.","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2266833112","mag":"2266833112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.390.6861","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.390.6861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idosi.org/wasj/WASJ10(10)/12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077859680","display_name":"Parveen Fatemeh Rupani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-498X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-498X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parveen Fatemeh Rupani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti sains malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti sains malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017737957","display_name":"Rajeev Pratap Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9728-5361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9728-5361"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeev Pratap Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9728-5361","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084733481","display_name":"Mahamad Hakimi Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-7622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-7622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahamad Hakimi Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti sains malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-7622","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti sains malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091551063","display_name":"Norizan Esa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norizan Esa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.8074,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":323,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99300937,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"1190","last_page":"1201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14179","display_name":"Waste Management and Recycling","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palm-oil-mill-effluent","display_name":"palm oil mill effluent","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vermicomposting","display_name":"vermicomposting","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palm-oil-mill-waste","display_name":"palm oil mill waste","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-treatment-technologies","display_name":"waste treatment technologies","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthworms","display_name":"earthworms","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-fertilizer","display_name":"organic fertilizer","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-and-grease","display_name":"oil and grease","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cod-and-bod","display_name":"BOD and COD","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-waste-management","display_name":"sustainable waste management","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-palm-plantations","display_name":"oil palm plantations","score":0.6809999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143108565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41274","display_name":"Pome","level":2,"score":0.9906755685806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.5828975439071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780260515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900747","display_name":"Vermicompost","level":3,"score":0.5471155643463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5304360389709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.5060731768608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.4503844082355499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.43594348430633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988237154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231458","display_name":"Palm oil","level":2,"score":0.41302230954170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.23738440871238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20738819241523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.17204219102859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.14975127577781677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.0770319402217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0678238570690155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.390.6861","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.390.6861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idosi.org/wasj/WASJ10(10)/12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2266833112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rajeev_Singh19/publication/213965918_Review_of_Current_Palm_Oil_Mill_Effluent_%28POME%29_Treatment_Methods_Vermicomposting_as_a_Sustainable_Practice/links/0c960515eea559b942000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764911235","display_name":"World Applied Sciences Journal","issn_l":"1818-4952","issn":["1818-4952","1991-6426"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4363603480","host_organization_name":"International Digital Organization for Scientific Information (IDOSI)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4363603480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Digital Organization for Scientific Information (IDOSI)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"World Applied Sciences Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19711436","https://openalex.org/W240111475","https://openalex.org/W589723987","https://openalex.org/W627231986","https://openalex.org/W1487617321","https://openalex.org/W1497663853","https://openalex.org/W1515453262","https://openalex.org/W1529341267","https://openalex.org/W1568698869","https://openalex.org/W1980859175","https://openalex.org/W1984782116","https://openalex.org/W1985796271","https://openalex.org/W2012805360","https://openalex.org/W2014764788","https://openalex.org/W2018489295","https://openalex.org/W2018602930","https://openalex.org/W2018991196","https://openalex.org/W2021272220","https://openalex.org/W2027417006","https://openalex.org/W2027563393","https://openalex.org/W2033899054","https://openalex.org/W2035285776","https://openalex.org/W2036261611","https://openalex.org/W2036959887","https://openalex.org/W2038049966","https://openalex.org/W2044618358","https://openalex.org/W2046851113","https://openalex.org/W2064984269","https://openalex.org/W2065033291","https://openalex.org/W2071344832","https://openalex.org/W2071513639","https://openalex.org/W2073352446","https://openalex.org/W2073870486","https://openalex.org/W2080974932","https://openalex.org/W2095346793","https://openalex.org/W2111084171","https://openalex.org/W2113539886","https://openalex.org/W2122215045","https://openalex.org/W2123240350","https://openalex.org/W2125958048","https://openalex.org/W2129615402","https://openalex.org/W2182289071","https://openalex.org/W2333806775","https://openalex.org/W2558598685","https://openalex.org/W2623853947","https://openalex.org/W2691370555","https://openalex.org/W2728418477","https://openalex.org/W2774400856","https://openalex.org/W3017630263"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097078519","https://openalex.org/W2340146129","https://openalex.org/W2283056252","https://openalex.org/W2183927582","https://openalex.org/W1964720167","https://openalex.org/W1968714105","https://openalex.org/W2146785250","https://openalex.org/W2625392560","https://openalex.org/W4405131461","https://openalex.org/W3043768942"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"The":[1,38,50,209],"total":[2,134],"oil":[3,19,25,40,57,73,90,102,196,234,238],"palm":[4,18,24,39,58,72,197,232],"cover":[5],"has":[6],"increased":[7],"in":[8,17,43,60,136,160,167,187,195],"the":[9,32,61,69,79,84,119,126,130,173,202],"last":[10],"few":[11],"years,":[12],"with":[13],"a":[14,22,29,94,183,220],"consequent":[15],"boost":[16],"production.":[20],"As":[21],"result,":[23],"waste":[26,70,82,145,240],"which":[27],"is":[28,77,93,158,163,182,217],"by-product":[30],"of":[31,46,52,56,63,66,122,132,207,212,226],"milling":[33],"process":[34,42],"will":[35],"also":[36],"increase.":[37],"production":[41],"mills":[44],"consists":[45],"several":[47],"unit":[48],"operations.":[49],"processing":[51],"fresh":[53],"fruit":[54],"bunches":[55],"results":[59],"generation":[62],"different":[64],"types":[65],"residue.":[67],"Among":[68],"generated,":[71],"mill":[74,91,235,239],"effluent":[75,92,236],"(POME)":[76],"considered":[78],"most":[80],"harmful":[81],"for":[83,115],"environment":[85],"if":[86],"discharged":[87],"untreated.":[88],"Palm":[89,233,237],"thick":[95],"brownish":[96],"liquid":[97],"that":[98,189],"contains":[99],"high":[100,133],"solids,":[101],"and":[103,106,153],"grease,":[104],"COD":[105],"BOD":[107],"values.":[108],"Several":[109],"treatment":[110,205,211],"technologies":[111],"have":[112,139],"been":[113,140],"used":[114,192],"POME":[116,123,157,174,213],"treatment,":[117],"since":[118],"direct":[120],"discharge":[121],"adversely":[124],"affects":[125],"environment.":[127],"Due":[128],"to":[129,142,165],"presence":[131],"solids":[135],"POME,":[137],"attempts":[138],"made":[141],"convert":[143],"this":[144,227],"into":[146],"valuable":[147,176],"products":[148,177],"such":[149,178],"as":[150,179,193,219],"feed":[151],"stock":[152],"organic":[154,159],"fertilizer.":[155],"Although":[156],"nature,":[161],"it":[162],"difficult":[164],"decompose":[166],"natural":[168],"conditions.":[169],"Earthworms":[170],"can":[171,190],"digest":[172],"producing":[175],"vermicompost.":[180],"Vermicompost":[181],"useful":[184],"product":[185],"rich":[186],"nutrients":[188],"be":[191],"fertilizer":[194],"plantations.":[198],"This":[199],"review":[200],"discusses":[201],"various":[203],"ongoing":[204],"techniques":[206],"POME.":[208],"effective":[210],"using":[214],"vermicomposting":[215],"technique":[216],"suggested":[218],"good":[221],"alternative":[222],"sustainable":[223],"management":[224],"practice":[225],"waste.":[228],"Key":[229],"words:":[230],"Oil":[231],"Vermicomposting":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
