{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2266777927","doi":null,"title":"Factors perceived to influence financing of Build-operate-transfer projects in Kenya: the Case of Rift Valley Railways consortium","display_name":"Factors perceived to influence financing of Build-operate-transfer projects in Kenya: the Case of Rift Valley Railways consortium","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2266777927","mag":"2266777927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/92958","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11295/92958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051363216","display_name":"Stephen Okelo Lucas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Okelo Lucas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051363216"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13439","display_name":"Transport and Economic Policies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/build-operate-transfer","display_name":"build-operate-transfer","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-private-partnerships","display_name":"public-private partnerships","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrastructure-financing","display_name":"infrastructure financing","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/railway-infrastructure","display_name":"railway infrastructure","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-factors","display_name":"macroeconomic factors","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-policy","display_name":"investment policy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-factors","display_name":"financial factors","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-factors","display_name":"environmental factors","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-and-legal-factors","display_name":"political and legal factors","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778697265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2366717","display_name":"Rift valley","level":2,"score":0.6059420108795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.504001796245575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4610629975795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.37452080845832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.150716632604599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/92958","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11295/92958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2266777927","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/92958","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":147,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65310160","https://openalex.org/W70022521","https://openalex.org/W92997713","https://openalex.org/W126885868","https://openalex.org/W194786220","https://openalex.org/W196745076","https://openalex.org/W232593723","https://openalex.org/W341872443","https://openalex.org/W600910024","https://openalex.org/W627023095","https://openalex.org/W821188990","https://openalex.org/W1492039495","https://openalex.org/W1493573584","https://openalex.org/W1501269936","https://openalex.org/W1504890258","https://openalex.org/W1513778549","https://openalex.org/W1519457392","https://openalex.org/W1522559700","https://openalex.org/W1533169350","https://openalex.org/W1551306939","https://openalex.org/W1553358654","https://openalex.org/W1555222304","https://openalex.org/W1592659467","https://openalex.org/W1599366360","https://openalex.org/W1660630115","https://openalex.org/W1766552879","https://openalex.org/W1845024274","https://openalex.org/W1857957031","https://openalex.org/W1936072191","https://openalex.org/W1963688151","https://openalex.org/W1965776348","https://openalex.org/W1968014229","https://openalex.org/W1968269377","https://openalex.org/W1970162479","https://openalex.org/W1973308529","https://openalex.org/W1977684371","https://openalex.org/W1984499998","https://openalex.org/W1984661361","https://openalex.org/W1986929590","https://openalex.org/W1987604705","https://openalex.org/W1989431699","https://openalex.org/W1990229891","https://openalex.org/W1992450105","https://openalex.org/W1992747156","https://openalex.org/W2000406987","https://openalex.org/W2002519253","https://openalex.org/W2006486934","https://openalex.org/W2007465588","https://openalex.org/W2009058519","https://openalex.org/W2009642807","https://openalex.org/W2012242451","https://openalex.org/W2012274504","https://openalex.org/W2013222398","https://openalex.org/W2015034523","https://openalex.org/W2016578796","https://openalex.org/W2016995324","https://openalex.org/W2028920264","https://openalex.org/W2037107195","https://openalex.org/W2039104542","https://openalex.org/W2040626061","https://openalex.org/W2041336113","https://openalex.org/W2043748962","https://openalex.org/W2045692718","https://openalex.org/W2050365792","https://openalex.org/W2054579923","https://openalex.org/W2057739981","https://openalex.org/W2059390765","https://openalex.org/W2059410174","https://openalex.org/W2062824366","https://openalex.org/W2065467585","https://openalex.org/W2066193122","https://openalex.org/W2073575615","https://openalex.org/W2074727258","https://openalex.org/W2078325971","https://openalex.org/W2083614334","https://openalex.org/W2085023348","https://openalex.org/W2093502187","https://openalex.org/W2093875013","https://openalex.org/W2096010240","https://openalex.org/W2096318482","https://openalex.org/W2099257422","https://openalex.org/W2099688392","https://openalex.org/W2102741563","https://openalex.org/W2103611339","https://openalex.org/W2104640390","https://openalex.org/W2109006271","https://openalex.org/W2110795703","https://openalex.org/W2113769477","https://openalex.org/W2114624246","https://openalex.org/W2116703037","https://openalex.org/W2117455041","https://openalex.org/W2119644075","https://openalex.org/W2122708627","https://openalex.org/W2122880980","https://openalex.org/W2127591504","https://openalex.org/W2130365758","https://openalex.org/W2133529168","https://openalex.org/W2135426904","https://openalex.org/W2140123079","https://openalex.org/W2143458763","https://openalex.org/W2145052867","https://openalex.org/W2146616257","https://openalex.org/W2150560612","https://openalex.org/W2151525458","https://openalex.org/W2152941610","https://openalex.org/W2156196336","https://openalex.org/W2156774602","https://openalex.org/W2156794832","https://openalex.org/W2157260067","https://openalex.org/W2157800846","https://openalex.org/W2159128227","https://openalex.org/W2162122854","https://openalex.org/W2167836180","https://openalex.org/W2169359295","https://openalex.org/W2170728895","https://openalex.org/W2170790204","https://openalex.org/W2171251976","https://openalex.org/W2183272415","https://openalex.org/W2237007976","https://openalex.org/W2266886502","https://openalex.org/W2270301988","https://openalex.org/W2279276220","https://openalex.org/W2295225973","https://openalex.org/W2301088579","https://openalex.org/W2315556200","https://openalex.org/W2319784827","https://openalex.org/W2322101810","https://openalex.org/W2417261646","https://openalex.org/W2475504085","https://openalex.org/W2566856888","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2764940861","https://openalex.org/W2897982828","https://openalex.org/W2903239761","https://openalex.org/W2945628054","https://openalex.org/W3121527282","https://openalex.org/W3121934570","https://openalex.org/W3122022008","https://openalex.org/W3123142049","https://openalex.org/W3123336260","https://openalex.org/W3123463677","https://openalex.org/W3125496788","https://openalex.org/W3126008915","https://openalex.org/W3201278613","https://openalex.org/W4243809866","https://openalex.org/W4246311138","https://openalex.org/W4248278659"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2604870807","https://openalex.org/W2507270910","https://openalex.org/W1927837364","https://openalex.org/W1490241926","https://openalex.org/W2725709271","https://openalex.org/W2565405847","https://openalex.org/W2261835438","https://openalex.org/W2419537469","https://openalex.org/W120758251","https://openalex.org/W856800683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Build-operate-transfer":[0,180],"(BOT)":[1],"is":[2,14,31,67,84,238,414,501],"one":[3],"type":[4],"of":[5,18,28,54,98,104,107,109,148,156,163,179,191,203,222,253,268,271,278,281,285,346,352,384,400,430,452,457,490,497,512,553],"Public":[6],"Private":[7],"Partnership":[8],"(PPP)":[9],"\\nmodel":[10],"among":[11],"others,":[12],"which":[13,174,282,353,407],"an":[15],"innovative":[16],"method":[17,261],"financing":[19,55,147,178,190,202,221,252,429,451,540],"public":[20],"sector":[21],"\\ninfrastructure":[22,30],"development":[23],"and":[24,37,50,117,135,186,213,248,276,296,314,323,335,349,370,382,419,442,465,481,532,556],"service":[25,134],"delivery.":[26],"Development":[27],"physical":[29],"prerequisite":[32],"for":[33,503,550],"rapid":[34],"economic":[35],"growth":[36],"poverty":[38],"reduction,":[39],"as":[40,75,437],"it":[41,92],"\\ninfluences":[42],"production":[43],"costs,":[44],"employment":[45],"creation,":[46],"access":[47],"to":[48,58,72,131,145,169,173,182,196,209,299,308,363,378,428,505,517],"markets":[49],"investment.":[51],"\\nBOT":[52],"model":[53,83],"projects":[56,152,454],"needs":[57],"be":[59,129,506],"emphasized":[60],"in":[61,68,77,87,124,220,233,410,515,520],"the":[62,73,82,88,119,125,142,154,171,309,344,354,365,368,380,387,391,458,488,495,498,510,526],"rail":[63,89,274],"transport":[64,79,90],"sector.":[65],"\\nIt":[66],"use":[69,345],"but":[70],"not":[71],"extent":[74,172],"engaged":[76],"other":[78],"sectors.":[80],"If":[81],"\\napplied":[85],"well":[86],"sector,":[91],"may":[93],"have":[94,424,446],"quite":[95],"a":[96,259,283,372,393,425,447,536],"number":[97,108],"advantages":[99],"like":[100],"\\ncost":[101],"effective":[102],"means":[103],"transport,":[105],"reduction":[106],"long":[110],"distance":[111],"vehicles":[112],"that":[113,236,404,525],"\\ndepletes":[114],"our":[115],"roads":[116],"covers":[118],"budget":[120],"deficit.":[121],"Its":[122],"dominance":[123],"infrastructure":[126],"\\nfinancing":[127,162],"could":[128],"used":[130,258,294],"improve":[132],"Railway":[133],"increase":[136],"cargo":[137],"transportation.":[138],"\\nThis":[139],"study":[140,257,293,523],"investigated":[141],"factors":[143,160,188,200,215,250,406,483,534,555],"perceived":[144],"influence":[146,161,189,201,219,413,427,538],"Build":[149,192,204,223],"Operate":[150,193,224],"\\nTransfer":[151,194],"with":[153,264,455],"aim":[155,167],"determining":[157],"how":[158,184,198,211],"macro-economic":[159],"BOT":[164,254,431,453,518,541],"projects,":[165,181,195,207],"another":[166],"was":[168,287,303,321,331,341,376,396],"establish":[170,210,364],"\\ninvestment":[175],"policy":[176,434],"influences":[177],"\\ndetermine":[183],"financial":[185,531],"commercial":[187],"assess":[197],"environmental":[199,247,479,533],"\\nOperate":[205],"Transfer":[206,225],"finally":[208,371],"political":[212,249,482],"legal":[214],"moderate":[216],"\\nthe":[217],"joint":[218],"projects.":[226,255,542],"Five":[227],"hypotheses":[228],"\\nhave":[229],"also":[230,445],"been":[231],"tested":[232],"this":[234,401,491],"study;":[235],"there":[237,500],"no":[239],"significant":[240,448],"relationship":[241,366,385],"between":[242],"\\nMacroeconomic,":[243],"investment":[244,529],"policy,":[245,530],"financial,":[246],"\\nwith":[251],"The":[256,398,522],"mixed":[260],"research":[262,544],"design;":[263],"\\na":[265],"target":[266],"population":[267],"720":[269],"employees":[270],"rift":[272],"valley":[273],"consortium":[275],"government":[277],"\\nKenya":[279],"representatives":[280],"sample":[284],"338":[286],"drawn":[288],"using":[289,333],"Yamane":[290],"formula.":[291],"\\nThe":[292],"questionnaires":[295],"interview":[297],"guide":[298],"collect":[300],"data.":[301],"Data":[302,319],"collected":[304,320],"\\nby":[305],"administering":[306],"questionnaire":[307],"respondents":[310,459],"while":[311,338],"senior":[312],"managers":[313],"\\ngovernment":[315],"officials":[316],"were":[317,357,360],"interviewed.":[318],"coded":[322],"entered":[324],"into":[325],"\\nSPSS":[326],"version":[327],"16.0.":[328],"Qualitative":[329],"data":[330,340,359],"analyzed":[332,342],"themes":[334],"sub":[336],"themes,":[337],"\\nquantitative":[339],"by":[343],"inferential":[347],"statistics":[348],"descriptive":[350],"\\nstatistics,":[351],"frequency":[355],"percentages":[356],"calculated,":[358],"cross-":[361],"\\ntabulated":[362],"within":[367,386],"variables":[369],"Wald":[373],"test":[374,390],"\\nstatistic":[375],"conducted":[377],"measure":[379],"strength":[381],"direction":[383],"\\nvariables.":[388],"To":[389],"hypothesis":[392],"Pearson":[394],"chi":[395],"calculated.":[397],"findings":[399,489],"\\nstudy":[402],"confirmed":[403],"macroeconomic":[405],"included":[408],"variations":[409],"interest":[411,513],"\\nrates":[412,514],"(65%),":[415],"inflation":[416],"rates":[417],"(63%)":[418],"debts":[420],"equity":[421],"ratio":[422],"(65%)":[423],"\\ngreat":[426],"projects;":[432],"Investment":[433],"sub-variables":[435],"such":[436],"\\nconstruction":[438],"period,":[439],"concessional":[440],"period":[441,444],"contract":[443],"\\ninfluence":[449],"on":[450,494,508,539],"majority":[456],"rating":[460],"each":[461,548,552],"\\nat":[462],"67%,":[463],"67%":[464],"68%":[466],"respectively.":[467],"Construction":[468],"costs":[469,476],"(72%),":[470],"operations":[471],"cost":[472],"(74%)":[473],"\\nand":[474],"maintenance":[475],"(72%).":[477],"With":[478],"(76%)":[480],"\\nmoderates":[484],"at":[485],"(75%).":[486],"From":[487],"study,":[492],"Based":[493],"opinions":[496],"\\nrespondents":[499],"need":[502],"policies":[504],"articulated":[507],"tackling":[509],"rise":[511],"relation":[516],"investments":[519],"Kenya.":[521],"concluded":[524],"\\nmacroeconomic":[527],"factors,":[528],"had":[535],"\\nperceived":[537],"Future":[543],"should":[545],"further":[546],"\\nevaluate":[547],"techniques":[549],"monitoring":[551],"these":[554],"potential":[557],"new":[558],"\\ntechniques":[559]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}