{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2266239458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","title":"The Effect of Work Experience on the Self-Concept and Anxiety Level of the Social Work Graduate Student","display_name":"The Effect of Work Experience on the Self-Concept and Anxiety Level of the Social Work Graduate Student","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2266239458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","mag":"2266239458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202740514","display_name":"The British Journal of Social Work","issn_l":"0045-3102","issn":["0045-3102","1468-263X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The British Journal of Social Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030491943","display_name":"Charles R. Atherton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146644014","display_name":"Millikin University","ror":"https://ror.org/013bgdt24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146644014"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180190047","display_name":"McCormick Theological Seminary","ror":"https://ror.org/033d6zz21","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180190047"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"CHARLES R. ATHERTON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles R. Atherton is Associate Professor of Social Work at the University of Alabama. Formerly, he was Assistant Professor of Social Work at the University of Illinois. Mr. Atherton received a B.A. in history from Millikin University in Decatur, Illinois. He is a graduate of McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago and is an ordained Presbyterian minister. Mr. Atherton also has an M.A. in social work from the University of Iowa and a Ph.D. in educational psychology from the University of Illinois. Mr. Atherton has worked in child welfare and in family counselling services. He is the author of several articles published in the United States. He is a co-editor with Donald Brieland and Lela B. Costin of Contemporary Social Work to be published by McGraw-Hill in 1975"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles R. Atherton is Associate Professor of Social Work at the University of Alabama. Formerly, he was Assistant Professor of Social Work at the University of Illinois. Mr. Atherton received a B.A. in history from Millikin University in Decatur, Illinois. He is a graduate of McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago and is an ordained Presbyterian minister. Mr. Atherton also has an M.A. in social work from the University of Iowa and a Ph.D. in educational psychology from the University of Illinois. Mr. Atherton has worked in child welfare and in family counselling services. He is the author of several articles published in the United States. He is a co-editor with Donald Brieland and Lela B. Costin of Contemporary Social Work to be published by McGraw-Hill in 1975","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I146644014","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I17301866","https://openalex.org/I180190047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030491943"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I146644014","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I17301866","https://openalex.org/I180190047"],"apc_list":{"value":3406,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4492},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1786,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87258687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14085","display_name":"Student Stress and Coping","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-experience","display_name":"work experience","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-concept","display_name":"self-concept","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-education","display_name":"field-based learning","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-training","display_name":"professional training","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taylor-manifest-anxiety-scale","display_name":"Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tennessee-self-concept-scale","display_name":"Tennessee Self-Concept Scale","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-anxiety","display_name":"student anxiety","score":0.34700000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7138868570327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6620783805847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777545354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3557657","display_name":"Social anxiety","level":3,"score":0.5829613208770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5185739994049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5138719081878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5044363737106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4852025806903839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780319001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6500754","display_name":"Work experience","level":3,"score":0.43210646510124207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781275859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426787","display_name":"Test anxiety","level":3,"score":0.42976635694503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4176648259162903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a056524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202740514","display_name":"The British Journal of Social Work","issn_l":"0045-3102","issn":["0045-3102","1468-263X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The British Journal of Social Work","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93859563","https://openalex.org/W202806549","https://openalex.org/W1965512895","https://openalex.org/W2004400649","https://openalex.org/W2007811727","https://openalex.org/W2011508216","https://openalex.org/W2013438313","https://openalex.org/W2015391954","https://openalex.org/W2026013715","https://openalex.org/W2034350483","https://openalex.org/W2044025593","https://openalex.org/W2085948603","https://openalex.org/W2262412986","https://openalex.org/W2588135161","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578284086","https://openalex.org/W2625642469","https://openalex.org/W93186386","https://openalex.org/W1920503700","https://openalex.org/W7133428652","https://openalex.org/W2762729043","https://openalex.org/W7047651734","https://openalex.org/W7026774348","https://openalex.org/W1878677596","https://openalex.org/W2398366377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0,24,221],"has":[1,25,33,216],"been":[2,26],"assumed":[3],"by":[4],"some":[5,212],"leading":[6],"social":[7,77,179,202,227],"work":[8,50,63,78,111,139,145,180,203,228],"educators":[9,229],"that":[10,29,171,201,226,241,249],"students":[11,79,137,182,204,232],"in":[12,21,47,49,80,84,159,183,192,231,233],"professional":[13],"training":[14],"display":[15],"unproductive":[16],"or":[17],"even":[18],"counter-productive":[19],"anxiety":[20,32,68,120,173,209,225],"field-learning":[22],"situations.":[23],"further":[27],"suggested":[28],"this":[30,166],"excess":[31],"led":[34,217],"to":[35,41,107,125,151,219],"a":[36,73,81,123],"certain":[37],"amount":[38],"of":[39,55,61,72,75,119,157,165,178,199,213],"threat":[40],"the":[42,59,66,85,95,101,108,155,169,214,224,234],"ego":[43],"which":[44],"could":[45],"result":[46],"problems":[48],"performance.":[51],"This":[52,196],"paper":[53],"tells":[54],"an":[56,117],"investigation":[57],"into":[58],"impact":[60],"previous":[62],"experience":[64,112,140],"on":[65,130],"manifest":[67,172],"level":[69],"and":[70,100,141,175,248],"self-concept":[71,176],"set":[74],"graduate":[76,181],"mid-western":[82],"university":[83],"United":[86],"States.":[87],"Data":[88],"were":[89,186],"gathered":[90],"using":[91],"widely":[92],"used":[93],"tests,":[94],"Taylor":[96],"Manifest":[97],"Anxiety":[98],"Scale":[99],"Tennessee":[102],"Self":[103],"Concept":[104],"Scale.":[105],"Contrary":[106],"hypothesis,":[109],"prior":[110],"did":[113],"not":[114,187,206,244,252],"act":[115],"as":[116,122,211],"inhibitor":[118],"nor":[121],"support":[124],"self-concept.":[126],"No":[127],"significant":[128],"difference":[129],"test":[131],"scores":[132,177],"was":[133,168],"found":[134,191],"between":[135],"those":[136,142,190],"with":[138,143],"no":[144],"experience.":[146],"The":[147],"writer":[148],"is":[149,236],"unable":[150],"satisfyingly":[152],"account":[153],"for":[154],"lack":[156],"significance":[158],"these":[160],"findings.":[161],"An":[162],"unexpected":[163],"by-product":[164],"research":[167],"finding":[170],"levels":[174,210],"either":[184],"category":[185],"different":[188],"from":[189],"other":[193],"occupational":[194],"populations.":[195],"suggests,":[197],"tentatively":[198],"course,":[200],"may":[205,222],"have":[207],"higher":[208],"literature":[215],"us":[218],"expect.":[220],"be":[223],"see":[230],"field":[235],"quite":[237],"within":[238],"normal":[239],"limits,":[240],"it":[242,250],"does":[243,251],"threaten":[245],"students'":[246],"self-concepts,":[247],"inhibit":[253],"learning":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
