{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2258698772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","title":"Diagnosing liver metastases: a Bayesian analysis.","display_name":"Diagnosing liver metastases: a Bayesian analysis.","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2258698772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","mag":"2258698772","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3950677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15137598","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","issn_l":"0732-183X","issn":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001123822","display_name":"Stuart E. Lind","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-8953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-8953"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S E Lind","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020290782","display_name":"Daniel E. Singer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-4848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-4848"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D E Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9108134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"379","last_page":"388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.3140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.3140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.26249998807907104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.16349999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-metastases","display_name":"liver metastasis","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-test-evaluation","display_name":"diagnostic test evaluation","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pretest-probability","display_name":"pretest probability","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-value","display_name":"predictive value","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-analysis","display_name":"Bayesian analysis","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-tests","display_name":"biochemical tests","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-examinations","display_name":"imaging tests","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"diagnostic accuracy","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8834121227264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019719930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3910099","display_name":"Predictive value","level":2,"score":0.5493020415306091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5107090473175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174446222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239190","display_name":"Pre- and post-test probability","level":2,"score":0.48264986276626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4807714819908142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82157600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic test","level":2,"score":0.47098657488822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4055968225002289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33409661054611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.30258265137672424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.10512802004814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003951","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Errors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004796","descriptor_name":"Clinical Enzyme Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008111","descriptor_name":"Liver Function Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000556","qualifier_name":"secondary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011877","descriptor_name":"Radionuclide Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.3.379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15137598","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","issn_l":"0732-183X","issn":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3950677","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3950677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43396622","https://openalex.org/W1545736471","https://openalex.org/W1554701668","https://openalex.org/W1572238115","https://openalex.org/W1579641819","https://openalex.org/W1766083707","https://openalex.org/W1918954226","https://openalex.org/W1952709212","https://openalex.org/W1980052916","https://openalex.org/W1987680624","https://openalex.org/W2004420675","https://openalex.org/W2015844917","https://openalex.org/W2019273574","https://openalex.org/W2028787200","https://openalex.org/W2038202546","https://openalex.org/W2045144582","https://openalex.org/W2065548387","https://openalex.org/W2066784795","https://openalex.org/W2102150307","https://openalex.org/W2149982925","https://openalex.org/W2157825442","https://openalex.org/W2159619548","https://openalex.org/W2313063133","https://openalex.org/W2339926369","https://openalex.org/W2427101292","https://openalex.org/W2467638749","https://openalex.org/W2615906248"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964967245","https://openalex.org/W4387584025","https://openalex.org/W2398889220","https://openalex.org/W7214228459","https://openalex.org/W2054194476","https://openalex.org/W1921698395","https://openalex.org/W2066784795","https://openalex.org/W4230544895","https://openalex.org/W81796825","https://openalex.org/W113843057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clinicians":[0],"frequently":[1],"perform":[2],"tests":[3,56,108,140],"to":[4,71,87],"determine":[5],"whether":[6],"patients":[7,65],"have":[8,31,43,80],"liver":[9],"metastases.":[10],"Optimal":[11],"use":[12],"of":[13,34,50,61,77,96,98,113,116,136],"a":[14,59,110,130],"laboratory":[15],"test":[16],"requires":[17],"that":[18,38,46],"the":[19,22,35,48,73,82,92,103,133,143],"clinician":[20],"know":[21],"test's":[23],"operating":[24],"characteristics":[25],"(its":[26],"sensitivity":[27,93],"and":[28,30,53,94,101,141],"specificity)":[29],"an":[32,68],"estimate":[33],"pretest":[36,114],"probability":[37],"disease":[39],"is":[40],"present.":[41],"We":[42,79,128],"surveyed":[44],"studies":[45,86],"examined":[47],"value":[49],"four":[51],"biochemical":[52],"three":[54],"imaging":[55],"in":[57,64],"establishing":[58],"diagnosis":[60],"hepatic":[62],"metastases":[63],"who":[66],"underwent":[67],"invasive":[69],"procedure":[70],"establish":[72],"presence":[74],"or":[75],"absence":[76],"disease.":[78,117],"pooled":[81],"data":[83,144],"from":[84],"these":[85,99,107,137],"arrive":[88],"at":[89],"values":[90,105],"for":[91,106,132,146],"specificity":[95],"each":[97],"tests,":[100],"calculated":[102],"predictive":[104],"over":[109],"wide":[111],"range":[112],"probabilities":[115],"Several":[118],"examples":[119],"illustrate":[120],"how":[121],"this":[122],"information":[123],"may":[124],"be":[125],"used":[126],"clinically.":[127],"provide":[129],"framework":[131],"optimal":[134],"interpretation":[135],"commonly":[138],"ordered":[139],"indicate":[142],"needed":[145],"their":[147],"complete":[148],"analysis.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
