{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2257928633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","title":"Paulus Tragicus: Staging Apostolic Adversity in First Corinthians","display_name":"Paulus Tragicus: Staging Apostolic Adversity in First Corinthians","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2257928633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","mag":"2257928633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55827047","display_name":"Journal of Biblical Literature","issn_l":"0021-9231","issn":["0021-9231","1934-3876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315941","host_organization_name":"Society of Biblical Literature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315941"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Biblical Literature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biblical Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024310275","display_name":"Courtney J. P. Friesen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Courtney J. P. Friesen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024310275"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.8841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9931799,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"134","issue":"4","first_page":"813","last_page":"832"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10362","display_name":"Biblical Studies and Interpretation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10362","display_name":"Biblical Studies and Interpretation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11463","display_name":"Classical Philosophy and Thought","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paul-the-apostle","display_name":"Paul the Apostle","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tragedy","display_name":"tragedy","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theatrical-metaphor","display_name":"theatrical metaphor","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irony","display_name":"irony","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epictetus","display_name":"Epictetus","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apocalypticism","display_name":"apocalypticism","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/final-judgment","display_name":"final judgment","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deus-ex-machina","display_name":"deus ex machina","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-spectacles","display_name":"Roman spectacles","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779702343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166770","display_name":"Depiction","level":2,"score":0.7335609197616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523419034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25372","display_name":"Drama","level":2,"score":0.6938208937644958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919978","display_name":"Prestige","level":2,"score":0.6086860299110413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5777885317802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776705036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43412","display_name":"Apostles","level":2,"score":0.5603367686271667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.5232141017913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.513547420501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.49700191617012024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.4673483967781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4336943030357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.3313140869140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3310661017894745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.30301934480667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11539307236671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.059311866760253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jbl.2015.0038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55827047","display_name":"Journal of Biblical Literature","issn_l":"0021-9231","issn":["0021-9231","1934-3876"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315941","host_organization_name":"Society of Biblical Literature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315941"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Biblical Literature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biblical Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28640697","https://openalex.org/W176046632","https://openalex.org/W360042811","https://openalex.org/W562626699","https://openalex.org/W566488707","https://openalex.org/W573708711","https://openalex.org/W591000893","https://openalex.org/W606380074","https://openalex.org/W611366655","https://openalex.org/W623091312","https://openalex.org/W629037352","https://openalex.org/W638661899","https://openalex.org/W639664221","https://openalex.org/W650416829","https://openalex.org/W654406911","https://openalex.org/W1132737128","https://openalex.org/W1479681418","https://openalex.org/W1491869472","https://openalex.org/W1502655508","https://openalex.org/W1518560203","https://openalex.org/W1520858024","https://openalex.org/W1528367993","https://openalex.org/W1533919727","https://openalex.org/W1545894917","https://openalex.org/W1546219326","https://openalex.org/W1548554543","https://openalex.org/W1555440381","https://openalex.org/W1564571149","https://openalex.org/W1565188081","https://openalex.org/W1585451693","https://openalex.org/W1600905998","https://openalex.org/W1604982765","https://openalex.org/W1983026713","https://openalex.org/W1989036584","https://openalex.org/W1991564922","https://openalex.org/W1995894423","https://openalex.org/W1999488438","https://openalex.org/W2001277950","https://openalex.org/W2012580030","https://openalex.org/W2014090857","https://openalex.org/W2021775261","https://openalex.org/W2022385032","https://openalex.org/W2033396595","https://openalex.org/W2034686441","https://openalex.org/W2035480401","https://openalex.org/W2042232703","https://openalex.org/W2066061026","https://openalex.org/W2083669617","https://openalex.org/W2097633928","https://openalex.org/W2107570759","https://openalex.org/W2135647588","https://openalex.org/W2423999836","https://openalex.org/W2484025760","https://openalex.org/W2530991318","https://openalex.org/W2567596772","https://openalex.org/W2720305244","https://openalex.org/W2796298182","https://openalex.org/W2797954143","https://openalex.org/W2801465119","https://openalex.org/W2890635452","https://openalex.org/W2926916686","https://openalex.org/W3110867094","https://openalex.org/W3150176498","https://openalex.org/W3202820528","https://openalex.org/W4240061493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220703132","https://openalex.org/W2107570759","https://openalex.org/W1988102099","https://openalex.org/W7043652657","https://openalex.org/W582886090","https://openalex.org/W4320927776","https://openalex.org/W7007715972","https://openalex.org/W2341789155","https://openalex.org/W2508969553","https://openalex.org/W638661899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"1":[1,98],"Cor":[2],"4:9,":[3],"Paul":[4,125],"writes":[5],"that":[6],"God":[7],"has":[8],"\u201cdisplayed\u201d":[9],"the":[10,23,33,42,54,72,107,131,146],"apostles":[11],"as":[12,44,62],"condemned":[13],"to":[14,64,129],"death,":[15],"\u201cfor":[16],"we":[17],"have":[18,56],"become":[19],"a":[20,85,100],"theater":[21,55],"for":[22],"cosmos.\u201d":[24],"This":[25],"is":[26],"followed":[27],"by":[28],"three":[29],"(ironic)":[30],"antitheses":[31],"contrasting":[32],"apostles,":[34],"who":[35],"were":[36],"foolish,":[37],"weak,":[38],"and":[39,47,80,117],"dishonored":[40],"with":[41],"Corinthians":[43],"wise,":[45],"strong,":[46],"honored.":[48],"Interpretations":[49],"of":[50,53,60,67,75,78,93,103,110,133],"this":[51,82],"metaphor":[52],"emphasized":[57],"Roman":[58],"spectacles":[59],"death":[61],"background":[63],"Paul\u2019s":[65,89],"depiction":[66],"apostolic":[68],"adversity.":[69],"Without":[70],"denying":[71],"cultural":[73],"significance":[74],"public":[76],"displays":[77],"combat":[79],"execution,":[81],"study":[83],"proposes":[84],"fresh":[86],"perspective":[87],"on":[88],"\u201ctheater\u201d":[90],"in":[91,97,113,137],"view":[92],"tragic":[94],"drama.":[95],"As":[96],"Cor,":[99],"central":[101],"feature":[102],"many":[104],"tragedies":[105],"was":[106],"surprising":[108],"downfall":[109],"those":[111],"self-assured":[112],"their":[114],"own":[115],"wisdom":[116],"political":[118],"power.":[119],"Like":[120],"his":[121,138],"younger":[122],"contemporary":[123],"Epictetus,":[124],"evoked":[126],"theatrical":[127],"reversal":[128],"deflate":[130],"allure":[132],"human":[134],"prestige,":[135],"which,":[136],"distinctly":[139],"apocalyptic":[140],"mode,":[141],"would":[142],"be":[143],"nullified":[144],"at":[145],"final":[147],"judgment,":[148],"deus":[149],"ex":[150],"machina.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}