{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2257829599","doi":null,"title":"Inflammation and Albuminuria in HIV-infected Patients Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.","display_name":"Inflammation and Albuminuria in HIV-infected Patients Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2257829599","mag":"2257829599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3155884","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4175929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4175929","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008106294","display_name":"Pichaya O-charoen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pichaya O-charoen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091124506","display_name":"Louie Mar A. Gangcuangco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-9294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-9294"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louie Mar A. Gangcuangco","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-9294","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047272214","display_name":"Dominic Cheung Chow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7395-038X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7395-038X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic C. Chow","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000604059","display_name":"Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-4187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-4187"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-4187","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109401015","display_name":"Jason D. Barbour","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason D. Barbour","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072086085","display_name":"Cecilia M. Shikuma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-1262","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-1262"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cecilia M. Shikuma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-1262","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3558,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70154177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11655","display_name":"HIV-related health complications and treatments","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11655","display_name":"HIV-related health complications and treatments","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.023900000378489494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albuminuria","display_name":"albuminuria","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-markers","display_name":"inflammatory markers","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/highly-active-antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"highly active antiretroviral therapy","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microalbuminuria","display_name":"microalbuminuria","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroalbuminuria","display_name":"macroalbuminuria","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging-with-hiv","display_name":"aging with HIV","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-phase-proteins","display_name":"acute phase proteins","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tenofovir","display_name":"tenofovir","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ritonavir","display_name":"ritonavir","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-count","display_name":"CD4 count","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-syndrome","display_name":"metabolic syndrome","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-risk","display_name":"mortality risk","score":0.31200000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974792","display_name":"Albuminuria","level":3,"score":0.941480278968811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8364773392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5558338761329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.5392152070999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5102264881134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.4977300465106964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4804210662841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4114260673522949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.20357218384742737}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3155884","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4175929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4175929","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4175929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hawaii J Med Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2257829599","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4175929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2754995518","display_name":"Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health","issn_l":"2165-8242","issn":["2165-8242"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ki-jl-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3155884","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4175929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334432316","https://openalex.org/W1607553452","https://openalex.org/W2146650130","https://openalex.org/W4413110377","https://openalex.org/W7099866403","https://openalex.org/W7097066030","https://openalex.org/W1829553045","https://openalex.org/W2338511411","https://openalex.org/W2149190120","https://openalex.org/W2104424288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"observed":[2],"higher":[3,18,337,448],"prevalence":[4],"of":[5,43,55,73,77,121,210,270,276,291,339,419,444,450,465],"albuminuria":[6,44,56,177,211,253,377,417,425,451],"among":[7,60,452],"HIV-infected":[8,61,272,427,453],"patients":[9,22,62,273,327],"has":[10,410],"been":[11,36,101],"strongly":[12],"associated":[13,37,375],"with":[14,23,38,57,85,174,226,328,376],"cardiovascular":[15],"disease":[16],"and":[17,27,31,99,141,144,169,175,189,197,216,263,308,322,329,369,390,416,470],"mortality.":[19],"In":[20,332,381],"HIV-seronegative":[21],"metabolic":[24],"syndrome,":[25],"malignancies":[26],"infections,":[28],"pro-inflammatory":[29],"cytokines,":[30],"acute":[32],"phase":[33],"reactants":[34],"have":[35],"albuminuria.":[39,331,406],"However,":[40],"the":[41,53,74,78,82,206,213,445,462],"pathophysiology":[42],"in":[45,81,95,167,231,240,319,426,468],"HIV-seropositive":[46],"individuals":[47],"is":[48,69],"poorly":[49],"understood.":[50],"We":[51],"investigated":[52],"association":[54,207,413],"inflammatory":[58,154,224],"biomarkers":[59,155,218,225],"on":[63,102,429,473],"combination":[64,431],"antiretroviral":[65,103,432,439],"therapy.":[66,433],"METHODS:":[67],"This":[68,408],"a":[70,181,190,268],"cross-sectional":[71],"analysis":[72,235],"entry":[75],"data":[76],"participants":[79],"enrolled":[80],"Hawai\u2018i":[83],"Aging":[84],"HIV-Cardiovascular":[86],"Cohort.":[87],"Participants":[88],"were":[89,156,178,202,236,374],"\u2265":[90],"40":[91],"years":[92],"old,":[93],"lived":[94],"Hawai\u2018i,":[96],"documented":[97],"HIV-positive,":[98],"had":[100,306,312],"therapy":[104],"for":[105,186,193,238,247,252,400,405,424],"at":[106],"least":[107],"6":[108],"months":[109],"prior":[110],"to":[111,204,459],"recruitment.":[112],"Albuminuria":[113],"was":[114,134,315],"defined":[115,135],"as":[116,126,136,146,212,219],"urine":[117,131,137,147],"albumin-to-creatinine":[118],"ratio":[119],"(ACR)":[120],"30":[122,140],"mg/g":[123,143],"or":[124],"higher,":[125],"assessed":[127,157],"from":[128],"single":[129],"random":[130],"collection.":[132],"Microalbuminuria":[133],"ACR":[138,148],"between":[139,172,208,326,414],"300":[142,151],"macroalbuminuria":[145],"more":[149],"than":[150,229],"mg/g.":[152],"Plasma":[153],"by":[158],"multiplexing":[159],"using":[160,180],"Milliplex":[161],"Human":[162],"Cardiovascular":[163],"Disease":[164],"panels.":[165],"Differences":[166],"clinical":[168],"laboratory":[170],"characteristics":[171],"subjects":[173,304,310,428],"without":[176,330],"compared":[179],"non-parametric":[182],"Wilcoxon":[183],"rank":[184],"test":[185,192],"continuous":[187],"variables":[188],"chi-squared":[191],"categorical":[194],"variables.":[195,221],"Univariate":[196],"multivariate":[198,242,382],"logistic":[199,233,243,334,383],"regression":[200,234,244,335,384],"analyses":[201],"utilized":[203],"assess":[205],"presence":[209],"dependent":[214],"variable":[215],"plasma":[217,223],"independent":[220,418],"Log-transformed":[222],"P-value":[227],"less":[228],".1":[230],"univariate":[232,333],"selected":[237],"examination":[239],"separate":[241],"models,":[245,385],"adjusting":[246],"previously":[248,401,420],"reported":[249,402,421],"risk":[250,403,422],"factors":[251,404,423,446],"(age,":[254],"gender,":[255],"race,":[256],"diabetes,":[257],"hypertension,":[258],"CD4":[259,289,320],"percent,":[260],"current":[261],"ritonavir,":[262],"tenofovir":[264],"use).":[265],"RESULTS:":[266],"Among":[267],"cohort":[269],"111":[271],"(median":[274],"age":[275],"52":[277],"(Q1:":[278],"46,":[279],"Q3:":[280,294],"57);":[281],"male":[282],"86%;":[283],"diabetes":[284],"6%;":[285],"hypertension":[286],"33%;":[287],"median":[288],"count":[290,321],"489":[292],"cells/mm(3)(Q1:341,":[293],"638);":[295],"HIV":[296,323,469],"RNA":[297],"PCR":[298],"<":[299,379,395],"48":[300],"copies/ml":[301],"85%),":[302],"eighteen":[303],"(16.2%)":[305],"microalbuminuria,":[307],"two":[309],"(1.8%)":[311],"macroalbuminuria.":[313],"There":[314],"no":[316],"significant":[317,393],"difference":[318],"viral":[324],"loads":[325],"analysis,":[336],"levels":[338],"log-transformed":[340],"soluble":[341,344],"E-selectin":[342],"(sE-selectin),":[343],"vascular":[345],"cell":[346],"adhesion":[347],"molecule":[348],"1":[349],"(sVCAM-1),":[350],"tissue":[351],"plasminogen":[352],"activator":[353],"inhibitor-1":[354],"(tPAI-1),":[355],"C-reactive":[356],"protein":[357],"(CRP),":[358],"serum":[359,363],"amyloid":[360,364],"A":[361],"(SAA),":[362],"P":[365],"(SAP),":[366],"interleukin-1\u03b2,":[367],"interleukin-8,":[368],"tumor":[370],"necrosis":[371],"factor-\u03b1":[372],"(TNF-\u03b1)":[373],"(P":[378,394],".10).":[380],"sE-selectin,":[386],"sVCAM-1,":[387],"tPAI-1,":[388],"CRP,":[389],"SAP":[391],"remained":[392],".05)":[396],"even":[397],"after":[398],"adjustment":[399],"CONCLUSIONS:":[407],"study":[409],"shown":[411],"an":[412],"inflammation":[415,436,467],"stable":[430],"Chronic":[434],"low-grade":[435],"despite":[437],"potent":[438],"treatment":[440],"may":[441],"be":[442],"one":[443],"causing":[447],"rates":[449],"patients.":[454],"Future":[455],"studies":[456],"are":[457],"needed":[458],"further":[460],"elucidate":[461],"pathophysiologic":[463],"mechanisms":[464],"chronic":[466],"its":[471],"impact":[472],"kidney":[474],"disease.":[475]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
