{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2256376379","doi":null,"title":"Historic milestones in cancer virology.","display_name":"Historic milestones in cancer virology.","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2256376379","mag":"2256376379","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/394330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:394330","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/394330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seminars in oncology","raw_type":"Historical Article"},"volume":null,"type":"other","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032387026","display_name":"William S.M. Wold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W S Wold","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103398972","display_name":"Maurice Green","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Green","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"461","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12159","display_name":"T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11827","display_name":"Polyomavirus and related diseases","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncogenic-viruses","display_name":"oncogenic viruses","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-tumor-viruses","display_name":"DNA tumor viruses","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retroviruses","display_name":"retroviruses","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papovavirus","display_name":"papovavirus","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papillomavirus","display_name":"papillomavirus","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenovirus","display_name":"adenovirus","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herpesviruses","display_name":"herpesvirus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simian-virus-40","display_name":"simian virus 40","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-papillomavirus","display_name":"human papillomavirus","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epstein-barr-virus","display_name":"Epstein-Barr virus","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-carcinogenesis","display_name":"viral oncogenesis","score":0.6629999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.8002935647964478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.7071083188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921796","display_name":"Merkel cell polyomavirus","level":4,"score":0.6324559450149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6004999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778528833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92196666","display_name":"Papovavirus","level":3,"score":0.5809611082077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909062048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604261","display_name":"Tumor Virus","level":4,"score":0.5688148736953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16184334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604261","display_name":"Oncovirus","level":3,"score":0.5452585220336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781196997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655331","display_name":"Herpes simplex virus","level":3,"score":0.5366435050964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778199330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582873","display_name":"BK virus","level":4,"score":0.5147128701210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6946","display_name":"Cytomegalovirus","level":5,"score":0.472127765417099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779758228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858790","display_name":"DNA virus","level":4,"score":0.4221954345703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.38252365589141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776409557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149348","display_name":"Herpesviridae","level":4,"score":0.31343168020248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.2932198643684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.2767311930656433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.23098871111869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.2062644362449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778342957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1711744","display_name":"Merkel cell carcinoma","level":3,"score":0.20123636722564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.19091740250587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777546739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33525","display_name":"Carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.1577901840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.0893850028514862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780303639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740909","display_name":"Kidney transplantation","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002471","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002874","descriptor_name":"Chromosome Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004274","descriptor_name":"DNA, Recombinant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005814","descriptor_name":"Genes, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009858","descriptor_name":"Oncogenic Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012106","descriptor_name":"Research","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012190","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014412","descriptor_name":"Tumor Virus Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014773","descriptor_name":"Virology","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:394330","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/394330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seminars in oncology","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"mag:2256376379","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/394330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51176372","https://openalex.org/W201050536","https://openalex.org/W1543183990","https://openalex.org/W1580353150","https://openalex.org/W1595554659","https://openalex.org/W1915937367","https://openalex.org/W1967134681","https://openalex.org/W1969355897","https://openalex.org/W1970296166","https://openalex.org/W1976508520","https://openalex.org/W1977389857","https://openalex.org/W1979731075","https://openalex.org/W1981135622","https://openalex.org/W1981509532","https://openalex.org/W1983060585","https://openalex.org/W1987656535","https://openalex.org/W1989209244","https://openalex.org/W1992595091","https://openalex.org/W1993982922","https://openalex.org/W1995565443","https://openalex.org/W1995951956","https://openalex.org/W1996948250","https://openalex.org/W1998132110","https://openalex.org/W1998927596","https://openalex.org/W1999778948","https://openalex.org/W2000908695","https://openalex.org/W2004771750","https://openalex.org/W2004954672","https://openalex.org/W2007561019","https://openalex.org/W2010649119","https://openalex.org/W2011934977","https://openalex.org/W2013241878","https://openalex.org/W2019656928","https://openalex.org/W2021679897","https://openalex.org/W2037687540","https://openalex.org/W2039384912","https://openalex.org/W2052513192","https://openalex.org/W2054499263","https://openalex.org/W2063450941","https://openalex.org/W2075928272","https://openalex.org/W2090082738","https://openalex.org/W2095572685","https://openalex.org/W2109847362","https://openalex.org/W2122184612","https://openalex.org/W2138270253","https://openalex.org/W2166127280","https://openalex.org/W2169270915","https://openalex.org/W2317242660","https://openalex.org/W2328476123","https://openalex.org/W2332229456","https://openalex.org/W2338691568","https://openalex.org/W2397217112","https://openalex.org/W7043458801","https://openalex.org/W7100382521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W120785196","https://openalex.org/W2754331576","https://openalex.org/W2409732937","https://openalex.org/W2020530826","https://openalex.org/W4320006490","https://openalex.org/W2506284073","https://openalex.org/W139438960","https://openalex.org/W1539736921","https://openalex.org/W4211018457","https://openalex.org/W315299766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"T":[0],"HIS":[1],"ARTICLE":[2],"deals":[3],"with":[4,124,293,299],"the":[5,19,30,81,86,113,130,142,146,154,185,189,214,230,286,319],"development":[6],"of":[7,33,115,132,177,192,209,239,252,271,318,322],"cancer":[8,25],"virology":[9],"as":[10,94,109,234,236],"an":[11,323],"important":[12],"scientific":[13],"discipline":[14],"for":[15,28,112],"understanding":[16],"not":[17],"only":[18],"relationship":[20],"between":[21],"viruses":[22,48,77,84,111,331],"and":[23,85,91,153,161,174,205,212,223,229,245,256,264,275,301],"human":[24,157,171,197,218],"but":[26],"also":[27],"probing":[29],"molecular":[31],"biology":[32],"eukaryotic":[34],"cells.":[35],"The":[36,137,242,262],"term":[37],"\u201ctumor":[38],"virus\u201d":[39,42],"or":[40,64,325],"\u201concogenic":[41],"is":[43],"used":[44],"to":[45,52,68,306],"describe":[46],"those":[47],"that":[49,65],"are":[50,66,107,140,181,195],"able":[51,67],"transform":[53],"cells":[54],"in":[55],"culture":[56],"from":[57],"a":[58,61,175,206,237,315],"normal":[59,316],"into":[60,73],"malignant-like":[62],"phenotype,":[63],"induce":[69],"tumors":[70],"when":[71],"inoculated":[72],"experimental":[74],"animals.":[75],"These":[76],"form":[78],"two":[79],"classes,":[80],"DNA":[82,90,134,250,269],"tumor":[83,110,125,135],"retroviruses,":[87],"which":[88,144,167,193,216],"have":[89,101,247,266,290],"RNA":[92],"respectively":[93],"their":[95],"genetic":[96,320],"material.":[97],"Although":[98],"some":[99],"retroviruses":[100,310],"no":[102],"known":[103,133],"oncogenic":[104],"properties,":[105],"these":[106],"classified":[108,183],"purposes":[114],"this":[116],"article":[117],"because":[118],"they":[119,326],"share":[120],"many":[121],"other":[122],"properties":[123],"viruses.":[126,136],"Table":[127,283],"1":[128,222],"lists":[129,285],"groups":[131,139,204],"major":[138],"(1)":[141],"papovaviruses,":[143],"include":[145,168,217],"well-studied":[147,156],"simian":[148],"virus":[149,159,163,232],"40":[150],"(SV40),":[151],"polyomavirus,":[152],"less":[155],"BK":[158],"(BKV)":[160],"JV":[162],"(JCV);":[164],"(2)":[165],"papillomaviruses,":[166],"5-l":[169],"0":[170],"papillomaviruses":[172,179,246],"(HPV)":[173],"variety":[176,208,238],"animal":[178,210,240],"(papillomaviruses":[180],"usually":[182],"under":[184],"papovavirus":[186],"group);":[187],"(3)":[188],"adenoviruses":[190],"(Ad),":[191],"there":[194],"35":[196],"serotypes":[198],"(31":[199],"recognized)":[200],"forming":[201],"5":[202,257],"distinct":[203],"large":[207],"types;":[211],"(4)":[213],"herpesviruses,":[215],"herpes":[219],"simplex":[220],"types":[221],"2":[224,284],"(HSV-1,":[225],"HSV-2),":[226],"cytomegalovirus":[227],"(CMV),":[228],"Epstein-Barr":[231],"(EBV),":[233],"well":[235],"herpesviruses.":[241],"polyoma-type":[243],"papovaviruses":[244],"circular":[248],"superhelical":[249],"genomes":[251,270],"3":[253],"x":[254,258,273,279],"lo6":[255,259],"daltons,":[260,281],"respectively.":[261,282],"Ads":[263],"herpesviruses":[265],"linear":[267],"duplex":[268],"20-25":[272],"IO6":[274],"about":[276],"l-l":[277],".5":[278],"lo*":[280],"different":[287],"retroviruses.":[288],"Retroviruses":[289],"been":[291],"associated":[292],"virtually":[294],"every":[295],"species":[296],"except":[297],"definitively":[298],"man,":[300],"can":[302],"be":[303,312,328],"categorized":[304],"according":[305],"several":[307],"criteria.":[308],"First,":[309],"may":[311,327],"endogenous,":[313],"i.e.,":[314],"component":[317],"material":[321],"animal,":[324],"infectious":[329],"exogenous":[330]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
