{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2249508123","doi":null,"title":"Toward phonetically grounded distinctive features. Part I: Acoustic-articulatory correlations in a four-region model of the vocal tract","display_name":"Toward phonetically grounded distinctive features. Part I: Acoustic-articulatory correlations in a four-region model of the vocal tract","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2249508123","mag":"2249508123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.scholarworks.iu.edu:article/26080","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402335","display_name":"Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"1524-2110","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064737623","display_name":"Mark Pennington","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Pennington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University*"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University*","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064737623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distinctive-features","display_name":"distinctive features","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant-frequencies","display_name":"formant frequencies","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocal-tract-modeling","display_name":"vocal tract modeling","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/articulatory-parameters","display_name":"articulatory parameters","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lip-protrusion","display_name":"lip protrusion","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lip-aperture","display_name":"lip aperture","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perturbation-analysis","display_name":"perturbation analysis","score":0.7620000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47401133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748953","display_name":"Vocal tract","level":2,"score":0.860550045967102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414685","display_name":"Formant","level":3,"score":0.8434440493583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779744641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9614","display_name":"Tongue","level":2,"score":0.725942850112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.6555125713348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173988693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q678132","display_name":"Phonation","level":2,"score":0.6117009520530701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5266423225402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.499953031539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.4127136766910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26592496037483215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.24702560901641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1775815188884735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.17343512177467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11357218027114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.scholarworks.iu.edu:article/26080","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402335","display_name":"Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"1524-2110","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.410.3829","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.410.3829","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.indiana.edu/~iulcwp/pdfs/11-PenningtonA.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.scholarworks.iu.edu:article/26080","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402335","display_name":"Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"1524-2110","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2249508123.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2249508123.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W350589419","https://openalex.org/W587195024","https://openalex.org/W634550172","https://openalex.org/W1536990986","https://openalex.org/W1593803857","https://openalex.org/W1800618137","https://openalex.org/W1934628628","https://openalex.org/W1967985278","https://openalex.org/W1976847774","https://openalex.org/W1982976845","https://openalex.org/W2007120773","https://openalex.org/W2027468109","https://openalex.org/W2030045999","https://openalex.org/W2035853491","https://openalex.org/W2036666255","https://openalex.org/W2043199434","https://openalex.org/W2052289884","https://openalex.org/W2054159638","https://openalex.org/W2067665386","https://openalex.org/W2077228769","https://openalex.org/W2090365329","https://openalex.org/W2091787462","https://openalex.org/W2099731107","https://openalex.org/W2143684397","https://openalex.org/W2989987919","https://openalex.org/W2990196703","https://openalex.org/W3003892197","https://openalex.org/W3148931049"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7220790838","https://openalex.org/W2594342061","https://openalex.org/W2243779449","https://openalex.org/W2058642087","https://openalex.org/W2914781205","https://openalex.org/W2054409914","https://openalex.org/W1990126777","https://openalex.org/W1606216272","https://openalex.org/W2041257922","https://openalex.org/W7100433233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,36,137],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,83,90,100,134,139],"this":[3,53],"paper":[4],"is":[5,42,166,208,222,260,298],"to":[6,113,168,262],"correlate":[7],"the":[8,18,26,43,49,69,123,131,140,146,149,176,183,190,267,274,291,304],"four":[9,27],"formant":[10,44],"frequencies":[11,194],"F1\u2013F4":[12],"and":[13,34,92,108,111,125,179,192,246,284,295],"quality":[14,37],"factors":[15],"Q1\u2013Q4":[16],"with":[17,172,211,225,233,244,251,255,266,273],"positions,":[19],"areas,":[20],"or":[21,38,302],"area":[22,98,161,203,217],"ratios":[23],"formed":[24],"by":[25,48,163,205,219,289,300],"active":[28],"articulators:":[29],"tongueroot,":[30],"tongue":[31,73,78,177,275,292,305],"body,":[32],"blade,":[33],"lips.":[35],"amplification":[39],"factor":[40],"Q":[41],"frequency":[45,259],"F":[46],"divided":[47],"bandwidth":[50],"B.":[51],"Toward":[52],"end,":[54],"a":[55,76,85,93,240,247],"27-tube":[56],"frequency-domain":[57],"vocal":[58],"tract":[59],"model":[60],"(FDVT)is":[61],"developed.":[62],"Four":[63],"articulator":[64],"regions":[65],"are":[66,128,143,154,287],"delimited":[67],"in":[68],"model:":[70],"an":[71,230],"8-tube":[72],"root":[74,157,160,293],"region,":[75],"9-tube":[77],"body":[79,178,199,202,276],"region":[80,88],"(one-quarter":[81],"wavelength":[82],"F2),":[84],"6-tube":[86],"blade":[87,214],"(one-quarterwavelength":[89],"F3),":[91],"4-tube":[94],"lip":[95,164,206,220],"region.":[96],"Vowel":[97],"functions":[99],"ten":[101,147],"speakers":[102],"were":[103],"taken":[104],"from":[105],"seven":[106],"X-ray":[107],"MRI":[109],"studies":[110],"fit":[112],"27":[114],"equal-length":[115],"tubes":[116],"using":[117],"cubic":[118],"spline":[119],"interpolation.Correlation":[120],"matrices":[121],"between":[122],"acoustic":[124],"articulatory":[126],"parameters":[127],"calculated":[129],"for":[130],"vowel":[132],"system":[133],"each":[135],"speaker.":[136],"coefficients":[138],"parameter":[141],"pairs":[142],"averaged":[144],"across":[145],"speakersand":[148],"most":[150],"highly":[151],"correlated":[152,171,210,224,265,272],"ones":[153],"ranked.":[155],"Tongue":[156,198],"aperture":[158,200,215,237,294],"(tongue":[159,201],"normalized":[162,204,218],"area)":[165,207,221],"shown":[167],"be":[169,263],"inversely":[170],"F1":[173,245,258,279],"frequency.":[174,235],"When":[175],"bladeconstrictions":[180],"move":[181],"toward":[182],"lips":[184],"through":[185],"their":[186],"respective":[187],"one-quarter":[188],"wavelengths,":[189],"F2":[191],"F3":[193],"also":[195],"shift":[196],"higher.":[197],"directly":[209,223],"Q2.":[212],"Similarly,":[213],"(blade":[216],"Q3.":[226],"Lip":[227,236],"protrusion":[228],"displays":[229],"inverse":[231,249],"correlation":[232,243,250],"F4":[234],"(liparea)":[238],"has":[239],"moderate":[241],"direct":[242],"weaker":[248],"Q4.":[252],"In":[253],"agreement":[254],"perturbation":[256],"analysis,":[257],"found":[261],"closely":[264],"tongueroot":[268],"area,":[269],"but":[270],"negligibly":[271],"area.":[277],"Consequently,":[278],"distinctions":[280],"among":[281],"high,":[282],"mid,":[283],"low":[285],"vowels":[286],"made":[288],"varying":[290],"not,":[296],"as":[297],"traditionallyassumed,":[299],"raising":[301],"lowering":[303],"body.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
