{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2239618487","doi":null,"title":"Towards Robust and Specific Causal Discovery from fMRI.","display_name":"Towards Robust and Specific Causal Discovery from fMRI.","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2239618487","mag":"2239618487"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2239618487","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1509.08056v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1509.08056v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342324","display_name":"Kun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-788X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-788X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071784683","display_name":"Biwei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5867-7254","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5867-7254"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biwei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044005697","display_name":"Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-0925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-0925"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-0925","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032173459","display_name":"Michel Besserve","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-2323","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0025-2323"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Besserve","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018493058","display_name":"Masataka Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-3690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-3690"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masataka Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-3690","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038582366","display_name":"Dajiang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-3911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-3911"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dajiang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-3911","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.027699999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-discovery","display_name":"causal discovery","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fmri","display_name":"functional MRI","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bold-signal","display_name":"BOLD signal","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuronal-activity","display_name":"neuronal activity","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-based-causal-discovery","display_name":"constraint-based causal discovery","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-independence","display_name":"conditional independence","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-connectivity","display_name":"brain connectivity","score":0.625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.8622148036956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79772020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159264","display_name":"Conditional independence","level":2,"score":0.7792854309082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.7187262773513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.6078498363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.5781465172767639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.5760858058929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5720164179801941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5423110723495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5221796035766602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779226451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903809","display_name":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5158175826072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.508288562297821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.4909117817878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4840916395187378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37329980731010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3665064871311188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.31668081879615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23396435379981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.2203979790210724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.15601935982704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13788053393363953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07494932413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2239618487","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1509.08056v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2239618487","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1509.08056v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406138808","https://openalex.org/W4390091801","https://openalex.org/W2109198067","https://openalex.org/W4415963523","https://openalex.org/W1840182762","https://openalex.org/W2518762224","https://openalex.org/W2475346608","https://openalex.org/W7002008312","https://openalex.org/W4415019883","https://openalex.org/W2100727154"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"are":[1,78,176],"several":[2],"issues":[3],"with":[4,83,178],"causal":[5,28,50,76,113,146,171,203,222,239],"discovery":[6,199],"from":[7],"fMRI.":[8],"First,":[9],"the":[10,17,34,41,54,60,63,75,88,91,104,112,122,150,163,169,179,201,216],"sampling":[11],"frequency":[12,172],"is":[13,23],"so":[14],"low":[15],"that":[16,162],"time-delayed":[18,27,164],"dependence":[19],"between":[20,37,184,224],"different":[21],"regions":[22,186,226],"very":[24],"small,":[25],"making":[26],"relations":[29],"weak":[30],"and":[31,40,102,128,142,227,248],"unreliable.":[32],"Moreover,":[33],"complex":[35],"correspondence":[36],"neural":[38,174],"activity":[39],"BOLD":[42],"signal":[43],"makes":[44],"it":[45,218],"difficult":[46],"to":[47,52,80,108,135],"formulate":[48],"a":[49,57,68,98,119,137,155],"model":[51],"represent":[53],"effect":[55],"as":[56,97,118,211],"function":[58,99,120],"of":[59,90,100,121,173,200],"cause.":[61],"Second,":[62],"fMRI":[64,157,188,246],"experiment":[65],"may":[66,115],"last":[67],"relatively":[69],"long":[70],"time":[71,208],"period,":[72],"during":[73],"which":[74,93],"influences":[77,114],"likely":[79],"change":[81],"along":[82],"certain":[84],"unmeasured":[85],"states":[86],"(e.g.,":[87,125],"attention)":[89],"subject":[92],"can":[94],"be":[95],"written":[96],"time,":[101],"ignoring":[103],"time-dependence":[105],"will":[106],"lead":[107],"spurious":[109,221],"connections.":[110],"Likewise,":[111],"also":[116,234],"vary":[117],"experimental":[123],"condition":[124,210],"health,":[126],"disease,":[127],"behavior).":[129],"\r\nIn":[130],"this":[131],"paper":[132],"we":[133,160,191,206],"aim":[134],"develop":[136],"principled":[138],"framework":[139],"for":[140,197],"robust":[141,198],"time-":[143,229],"or":[144,209,230],"condition-specific":[145,231],"discovery,":[147],"by":[148,154],"addressing":[149],"above":[151],"issues.":[152],"Motivated":[153],"simplified":[156],"generating":[158],"process,":[159],"show":[161],"conditional":[165,181],"independence":[166,182],"relationships":[167,183],"at":[168],"proper":[170],"activities":[175],"consistent":[177],"instantaneous":[180],"brain":[185,225],"in":[187,215,238],"recordings.":[189],"Then":[190],"propose":[192],"an":[193,212],"enhanced":[194],"constraint-based":[195],"method":[196],"underlying":[202],"skeletons,":[204],"where":[205],"include":[207],"additional":[213,236],"variable":[214],"system;":[217],"helps":[219],"avoid":[220],"connections":[223],"discover":[228],"regions.":[232],"It":[233],"has":[235],"benefit":[237],"direction":[240],"determination.":[241],"Experiments":[242],"on":[243],"both":[244],"simulated":[245],"data":[247,250],"real":[249],"give":[251],"encouraging":[252],"results.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-05T09:50:58.205359","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
