{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2236075000","doi":null,"title":"Information Warfare on an Evolving Battlefield","display_name":"Information Warfare on an Evolving Battlefield","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2236075000","mag":"2236075000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.calstate.edu:10211.10/3434","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10211.10/3434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064448","display_name":"California State University ScholarWorks (system-wide DSpace)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067451551","display_name":"Daniel Louis Gold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Louis Gold","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067451551"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-warfare","display_name":"information warfare","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-warfare","display_name":"cyber warfare","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stuxnet","display_name":"Stuxnet","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-weapons","display_name":"cyber weapons","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-infrastructure-security","display_name":"digital infrastructure security","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iranian-nuclear-program","display_name":"Iranian nuclear program","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-systems","display_name":"industrial control systems","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetric-warfare","display_name":"asymmetric warfare","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberterrorism","display_name":"cyberterrorism","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-security","display_name":"national security","score":0.37299999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779669469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895508","display_name":"Battlefield","level":2,"score":0.8734388947486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781349506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911036","display_name":"Information warfare","level":2,"score":0.7254921197891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3903827965259552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3436630368232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.21764814853668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.09711062908172607}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.calstate.edu:10211.10/3434","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10211.10/3434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064448","display_name":"California State University ScholarWorks (system-wide DSpace)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2236075000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.amazon.com/Information-Warfare-Evolving-Battlefield-Daniel-ebook/dp/B00B1ZJDJW","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W569123130","https://openalex.org/W1515613532","https://openalex.org/W1560093246","https://openalex.org/W1561749229","https://openalex.org/W2089486804","https://openalex.org/W2122194975","https://openalex.org/W2174359540","https://openalex.org/W2213391909","https://openalex.org/W2389694810","https://openalex.org/W2618490554","https://openalex.org/W2678934292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7001296902","https://openalex.org/W1563590650","https://openalex.org/W4230670889","https://openalex.org/W4400963045","https://openalex.org/W3198073633","https://openalex.org/W2885920823","https://openalex.org/W7003541257","https://openalex.org/W2402039370","https://openalex.org/W4393055512","https://openalex.org/W1573100835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0,32],"the":[1,33,36,40,63,103,114,119,140,148,162,169,174,208,218,225,231,244,249,261],"dawn":[2],"of":[3,26,35,43,59,75,89,116,143,150,158,171,198,211],"civilization":[4],"warfare":[5,27,101,160],"has":[6,13,53,130],"been":[7],"intrinsic":[8],"to":[9,18,81,96,139,206,234,256],"man's":[10],"existence.":[11],"War":[12],"shaped":[14],"cultures,":[15],"given":[16],"rise":[17,80],"empires,":[19],"and":[20,83,122,127,173,186,248],"decimated":[21],"entire":[22],"populations.":[23],"The":[24,57,72,86],"nature":[25],"is":[28],"a":[29,94,110,133],"constant":[30],"evolution.":[31],"end":[34],"Second":[37],"World":[38],"War,":[39],"medieval":[41],"construct":[42],"opposing":[44],"nation-state":[45],"actors":[46],"facing":[47],"each":[48],"other":[49],"in":[50,102,136,145,161,203],"open":[51],"battle":[52],"effectively":[54],"become":[55],"obsolete.":[56],"balance":[58],"power":[60],"established":[61],"during":[62],"cold":[64],"war":[65,151],"characterized":[66],"warfare's":[67],"evolution":[68],"as":[69,109],"increasingly":[70],"asymmetrical.":[71],"looming":[73],"threat":[74],"mutually":[76],"assured":[77],"destruction":[78],"gave":[79],"proxy-wars":[82],"covert":[84],"actions.":[85],"terrorist":[87],"attacks":[88],"September":[90],"11th":[91],"2001":[92],"were":[93],"testament":[95],"this":[97],"progression.":[98],"As":[99],"such,":[100],"21st":[104],"century":[105],"can":[106],"be":[107],"described":[108],"multi-dimensional":[111],"amalgam":[112],"including":[113],"elements":[115],"global":[117],"economics,":[118],"mass":[120],"media,":[121],"terrorism.":[123],"Intelligence,":[124],"both":[125],"human":[126],"signals":[128],"based,":[129],"always":[131],"played":[132],"central":[134],"role":[135],"warfare.":[137],"Due":[138],"exponential":[141],"growth":[142],"technology":[144],"recent":[146],"decades,":[147],"tools":[149],"have":[152],"developed":[153],"rapidly.":[154],"Nearly":[155],"all":[156,188],"facets":[157],"modern":[159],"information":[163],"age":[164],"are":[165],"now":[166],"supported":[167],"by":[168,178],"use":[170],"computers":[172],"Internet.":[175],"Whether":[176],"motivated":[177],"politics,":[179],"ideology,":[180],"or":[181],"monetary":[182],"gain,":[183],"criminals,":[184],"spies,":[185],"terrorists":[187],"utilize":[189],"computer":[190,200],"based":[191,201],"attacks.":[192],"This":[193,239],"work":[194],"presents":[195],"an":[196,204],"analysis":[197],"emerging":[199],"threats":[202,255],"effort":[205],"address":[207],"ongoing":[209],"problem":[210],"securing":[212],"our":[213],"national":[214],"digital":[215],"infrastructure.":[216],"Specifically,":[217],"case":[219],"study":[220,240],"presented":[221],"will":[222,241],"focus":[223],"on":[224],"Stuxnet":[226],"worm,":[227],"which":[228],"was":[229],"arguably":[230],"first":[232],"cyberweapon":[233],"inflict":[235],"significant":[236],"kinetic":[237],"damage.":[238],"examine":[242],"Stuxnet,":[243],"Iranian":[245],"nuclear":[246],"program,":[247],"potential":[250],"that":[251],"exists":[252],"for":[253],"similar":[254],"industrial":[257],"control":[258],"systems":[259],"within":[260],"United":[262],"States.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}