{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2230852040","doi":null,"title":"Archaeological Investigation of Leeukop: a func- tional Approach '","display_name":"Archaeological Investigation of Leeukop: a func- tional Approach '","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2230852040","mag":"2230852040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2230852040","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/40979564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306504894","display_name":"Botswana notes and records","issn_l":"0525-5090","issn":["0525-5090","2709-7374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Botswana notes and records","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032570978","display_name":"Catrien van Waarden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Catrien van Waarden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032570978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00371978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"151","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.8730000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.8730000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12364","display_name":"Archaeological Research and Protection","score":0.023499999195337296,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12532","display_name":"Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies","score":0.019200000911951065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defensive-settlement","display_name":"defensive settlement","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boer-war","display_name":"Boer War","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution-of-activities","display_name":"spatial distribution of activities","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stone-walls","display_name":"stone walls","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limpopo-valley","display_name":"Limpopo Valley","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-rhodesia","display_name":"Southern Rhodesia","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31858485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959782","display_name":"Excavation","level":2,"score":0.7965371012687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.6742266416549683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.6648716330528259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.5992751121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.48953256011009216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.4615905284881592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.433893620967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3390037417411804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.12675389647483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2230852040","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/40979564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306504894","display_name":"Botswana notes and records","issn_l":"0525-5090","issn":["0525-5090","2709-7374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Botswana notes and records","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971263240","https://openalex.org/W2797042262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W603729605","https://openalex.org/W2802236425","https://openalex.org/W6894250644","https://openalex.org/W7098644617","https://openalex.org/W1977097676","https://openalex.org/W2587087811","https://openalex.org/W7131929891","https://openalex.org/W4366961460","https://openalex.org/W3143745489","https://openalex.org/W4405514555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"toin":[0],"of":[1,23,26,35,92,98,104,127,135,186,215,222,245,256,261,269,279],"the":[2,24,33,39,57,64,70,96,101,105,113,128,136,147,159,184,206,209,239,246,252,258,262,267,276],"site":[3,58,78,263],"in":[4,47,52,63,69,95,146,152],"one":[5],"short":[6],"season.":[7],"This":[8],"would":[9],"therefore":[10,176],"have":[11,60,115],"made":[12,85],"it":[13,119,225],"possible":[14],"to":[15,59,124,131,238,250],"do":[16],"a":[17,21,90,194,213],"singlesite-settlement":[18],"study,":[19],"i.e.,":[20],"study":[22],"types":[25,185],"activities":[27,187,270],"that":[28,42,188,197,234,271],"had":[29,79,84,272],"taken":[30,273],"place,":[31,274],"and":[32,49,118,149,165,208,220,224,231,254,275],"location":[34],"these":[36,178,280],"activities.":[37,281],"From":[38],"stone":[40],"walls":[41],"were":[43,155,199],"visible":[44],"(type":[45],"IV":[46],"Jones'":[48],"Schofield's":[50],"classification;":[51],"Fouche,":[53],"1937),":[54],"we":[55],"expected":[56],"been":[61,81,116],"used":[62],"so-called":[65],"Refuge":[66],"Period,":[67],"sometime":[68],"19th":[71,203],"century.":[72],"To":[73],"my":[74],"knowledge,":[75],"no":[76,168],"such":[77,93],"yet":[80],"excavated.":[82],"Schofield":[83],"some":[86,126],"surface":[87],"collections":[88,114],"on":[89,100,190],"number":[91,255],"sites":[94,129,179],"vicinity":[97],"Leeukop,":[99],"Transvaal":[102],"side":[103],"Limpopo":[106,148],"(Ratho,":[107],"Parma,":[108],"Schroda,":[109],"etc.),":[110],"but":[111,167],"unfortunately":[112],"lost,":[117],"has":[120],"even":[121],"proved":[122],"difficult":[123],"relocate":[125],"(according":[130],"Mr":[132],"Edwin":[133],"Hanisch":[134],"National":[137],"Cultural":[138],"History":[139],"Museum,":[140],"Pretoria).":[141],"A":[142],"few":[143],"walled":[144],"hill-sites":[145],"adjacent":[150],"valleys":[151],"southern":[153],"Rhodesia":[154],"examined":[156],"briefly":[157],"by":[158],"Rhodesian":[160],"Schools":[161],"Exploration":[162],"Society":[163],"(1960":[164],"1966),":[166],"excavation":[169,247],"took":[170,237],"place.":[171],"Very":[172],"little":[173],"was":[174,212],"known":[175,227],"about":[177],"-":[180,191],"their":[181],"dates":[182],"or":[183],"went":[189],"except":[192],"for":[193,241],"general":[195],"assumption":[196],"they":[198],"defensive":[200],"ones.":[201],"The":[202,243],"century,":[204],"with":[205,217],"Difaqane":[207],"Anglo-Boer":[210],"War,":[211],"period":[214],"turmoil":[216],"much":[218],"raiding":[219],"movement":[221],"people,":[223],"is":[226],"from":[228],"historical":[229],"documentation":[230],"oral":[232],"traditions":[233],"many":[235],"people":[236],"hills":[240],"defense.":[242],"objectives":[244],"were,":[248],"therefore,":[249],"establish":[251],"length":[253],"occupations,":[257],"overall":[259],"function":[260],"(defensive":[264],"and/or":[265],"other),":[266],"range":[268],"spatial":[277],"distribution":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}