{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2229959977","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","title":"Developing the SMC Roof and Liftgate Assembly for the 1993 Saturn Station Wagon","display_name":"Developing the SMC Roof and Liftgate Assembly for the 1993 Saturn Station Wagon","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2229959977","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","mag":"2229959977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4271/930466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085599641","display_name":"Nathaniel A. Ustick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256118","display_name":"Rockwell International (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03sh0x419","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256118"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel A","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rockwell International Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockwell International Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256118"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017939101","display_name":"David A. Dean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-8073","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-8073"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Dean","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098463138","display_name":"Larry Parks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Parks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077909609","display_name":"Zyg Rodak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zyg Rodak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048147692","display_name":"William Mertz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256118","display_name":"Rockwell International (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03sh0x419","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256118"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Mertz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rockwell International Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockwell International Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256118"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26776961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12959","display_name":"Engineering and Materials Science Studies","score":0.8809000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12959","display_name":"Engineering and Materials Science Studies","score":0.8809000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11664","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","score":0.1111999973654747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13129","display_name":"Material Properties and Applications","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2500","display_name":"General Materials Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-body-panels","display_name":"automotive body panels","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-based-paints","display_name":"water-based paints","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resin-transfer-molding","display_name":"resin transfer molding","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-analysis","display_name":"finite element analysis","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-time-reduction","display_name":"development time reduction","score":0.5659999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511503438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193","display_name":"Saturn","level":3,"score":0.6921306848526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.6043389439582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.479978084564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.41624826192855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.35721534490585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3275613784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.32227474451065063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.23311251401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2105153203010559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.12337440252304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51244244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634","display_name":"Planet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4271/930466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/930466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4943999946117401,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2202375133","https://openalex.org/W2235118738","https://openalex.org/W2316987540","https://openalex.org/W4210432845","https://openalex.org/W2550488475","https://openalex.org/W2790558313","https://openalex.org/W2285140349","https://openalex.org/W610580586","https://openalex.org/W2226925929","https://openalex.org/W2013499402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,47],"Saturn-Rockwell":[1,48],"team":[2,50],"has":[3],"successfully":[4],"developed":[5],"sheet":[6,25],"molding":[7,26,88],"composite":[8,27],"(SMC)":[9,28],"roof":[10],"and":[11,35,75,83],"liftgate":[12],"assemblies":[13],"for":[14,33,90],"the":[15,21,36,91],"1993":[16],"Saturn":[17],"Station":[18],"Wagon,":[19],"representing":[20],"first":[22,37],"Class":[23],"A":[24],"exterior":[29],"body":[30,45],"panel":[31],"application":[32],"Saturn,":[34],"use":[38,77],"of":[39,78],"waterborne":[40],"paint":[41],"on":[42],"an":[43],"SMC":[44],"panel.":[46],"development":[49,64],"went":[51],"from":[52],"concept":[53],"release":[54],"to":[55],"validation":[56],"build":[57],"(production)":[58],"in":[59],"just":[60],"24":[61],"months,":[62],"reducing":[63],"time":[65],"by":[66,72,84],"12":[67],"months.":[68],"This":[69],"was":[70],"accomplished":[71],"Saturn's":[73],"early":[74],"extensive":[76],"finite":[79],"element":[80],"analysis":[81],"(FEA)":[82],"utilizing":[85],"resin":[86],"transfer":[87],"(RTM)":[89],"prototype":[92],"phase.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}