{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2229952412","doi":null,"title":"Neighborhood racial composition and hypertension awareness, treatment, and control: An examination of direct, mediating and moderating effects of economic and social factors","display_name":"Neighborhood racial composition and hypertension awareness, treatment, and control: An examination of direct, mediating and moderating effects of economic and social factors","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2229952412","mag":"2229952412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/108882","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053380677","display_name":"Jennifer A. Hartfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer A. Hartfield","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053380677"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.7422000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.7422000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.23649999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-racial-composition","display_name":"neighborhood racial composition","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-hispanic-black-adults","display_name":"non-Hispanic Black adults","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension-awareness","display_name":"hypertension awareness","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antihypertensive-therapy","display_name":"antihypertensive therapy","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension-control","display_name":"hypertension control","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-connection","display_name":"social connectedness","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-discrimination","display_name":"perceived discrimination","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-health-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities in health","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detroit","display_name":"Detroit","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-analysis","display_name":"multilevel analysis","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-and-moderating-effects","display_name":"mediating and moderating effects","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-segregation","display_name":"racial segregation","score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-determinants-of-health","display_name":"social determinants of health","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-poverty","display_name":"neighborhood poverty","score":0.3869999945163727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.533432126045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020357261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304032","display_name":"Hypertension treatment","level":3,"score":0.5061635375022888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48033443093299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.37535154819488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3444023132324219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3298964500427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.15666943788528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1527860462665558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14523714780807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.07469260692596436}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/108882","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2229952412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/108882/jhartfie_1.pdf?sequence=1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/108882","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8974000215530396}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2229952412.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2229952412.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":141,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63912758","https://openalex.org/W80169606","https://openalex.org/W118613497","https://openalex.org/W145119872","https://openalex.org/W178007562","https://openalex.org/W1494648279","https://openalex.org/W1515357168","https://openalex.org/W1537938090","https://openalex.org/W1547445191","https://openalex.org/W1549236816","https://openalex.org/W1549439755","https://openalex.org/W1551388977","https://openalex.org/W1893208408","https://openalex.org/W1964189561","https://openalex.org/W1964201191","https://openalex.org/W1969854307","https://openalex.org/W1970370152","https://openalex.org/W1972982187","https://openalex.org/W1973364565","https://openalex.org/W1975404309","https://openalex.org/W1979112784","https://openalex.org/W1980077542","https://openalex.org/W1981697192","https://openalex.org/W1985434498","https://openalex.org/W1988660926","https://openalex.org/W1991315206","https://openalex.org/W1992826137","https://openalex.org/W1998964858","https://openalex.org/W2003122412","https://openalex.org/W2003234472","https://openalex.org/W2003490123","https://openalex.org/W2006577581","https://openalex.org/W2007611335","https://openalex.org/W2007928377","https://openalex.org/W2012985419","https://openalex.org/W2013914832","https://openalex.org/W2017242878","https://openalex.org/W2018053206","https://openalex.org/W2018535391","https://openalex.org/W2018955353","https://openalex.org/W2019426850","https://openalex.org/W2020109880","https://openalex.org/W2022573620","https://openalex.org/W2026271266","https://openalex.org/W2027988362","https://openalex.org/W2028198525","https://openalex.org/W2028336806","https://openalex.org/W2029514261","https://openalex.org/W2034232242","https://openalex.org/W2034895605","https://openalex.org/W2039072588","https://openalex.org/W2039506977","https://openalex.org/W2039697409","https://openalex.org/W2042254016","https://openalex.org/W2042698330","https://openalex.org/W2044417549","https://openalex.org/W2047017127","https://openalex.org/W2049099580","https://openalex.org/W2050187885","https://openalex.org/W2052807567","https://openalex.org/W2057241349","https://openalex.org/W2058463674","https://openalex.org/W2059390873","https://openalex.org/W2059847526","https://openalex.org/W2063627403","https://openalex.org/W2064812121","https://openalex.org/W2068197174","https://openalex.org/W2068908293","https://openalex.org/W2070054180","https://openalex.org/W2072892515","https://openalex.org/W2073970946","https://openalex.org/W2076125949","https://openalex.org/W2080266224","https://openalex.org/W2081745157","https://openalex.org/W2082348404","https://openalex.org/W2088316795","https://openalex.org/W2093501462","https://openalex.org/W2094167708","https://openalex.org/W2095310139","https://openalex.org/W2095333261","https://openalex.org/W2095523951","https://openalex.org/W2095971600","https://openalex.org/W2098550810","https://openalex.org/W2103093968","https://openalex.org/W2103178175","https://openalex.org/W2104238555","https://openalex.org/W2104388557","https://openalex.org/W2106173816","https://openalex.org/W2110904865","https://openalex.org/W2111628008","https://openalex.org/W2112147867","https://openalex.org/W2114741955","https://openalex.org/W2117784915","https://openalex.org/W2118988878","https://openalex.org/W2119569983","https://openalex.org/W2120532708","https://openalex.org/W2121877315","https://openalex.org/W2124229152","https://openalex.org/W2124713566","https://openalex.org/W2127405484","https://openalex.org/W2128149221","https://openalex.org/W2132406025","https://openalex.org/W2133074393","https://openalex.org/W2137512884","https://openalex.org/W2139236032","https://openalex.org/W2141214792","https://openalex.org/W2141249644","https://openalex.org/W2144050314","https://openalex.org/W2148929755","https://openalex.org/W2150856705","https://openalex.org/W2150877998","https://openalex.org/W2152139345","https://openalex.org/W2155845082","https://openalex.org/W2156527932","https://openalex.org/W2156612687","https://openalex.org/W2157096064","https://openalex.org/W2157325805","https://openalex.org/W2157504843","https://openalex.org/W2157815126","https://openalex.org/W2158314671","https://openalex.org/W2158643067","https://openalex.org/W2159768594","https://openalex.org/W2161498308","https://openalex.org/W2162699583","https://openalex.org/W2163405112","https://openalex.org/W2166176269","https://openalex.org/W2166520734","https://openalex.org/W2182260340","https://openalex.org/W2185577599","https://openalex.org/W2186269375","https://openalex.org/W2330486617","https://openalex.org/W2339740280","https://openalex.org/W2483017767","https://openalex.org/W2494697001","https://openalex.org/W2597473522","https://openalex.org/W2728594208","https://openalex.org/W2799306489","https://openalex.org/W2916178939","https://openalex.org/W2924915758","https://openalex.org/W3122433884","https://openalex.org/W4244985361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7030213886","https://openalex.org/W2082348404","https://openalex.org/W2522983228","https://openalex.org/W1733127025","https://openalex.org/W7160129735","https://openalex.org/W4210408474","https://openalex.org/W2167376093","https://openalex.org/W1968094023","https://openalex.org/W2028336806","https://openalex.org/W2186269375"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-Hispanic":[0],"Blacks":[1],"(NHBs)":[2],"suffer":[3],"disproportionate":[4],"rates":[5],"of":[6,41,155,204,320],"hypertension.":[7,272],"Although":[8],"prevalence":[9],"is":[10,88,111],"frequently":[11],"examined,":[12],"racial/ethnic":[13],"differences":[14,332],"in":[15,130,137,159,328,333],"hypertension":[16,71,97,139,227,285,300,312],"awareness,":[17,72,98,140,228,335],"treatment,":[18,48,73,229,336],"and":[19,32,63,74,96,100,142,165,194,230,251,284,289,325,337],"control":[20,75,205,264,313],"are":[21,35,76],"equally":[22],"important,":[23],"yet":[24,49],"poorly":[25],"understood.":[26],"Compared":[27],"with":[28,132,179,226,237,259,296,310],"non-Hispanic":[29],"Whites":[30],"(NHWs)":[31],"Hispanics,":[33],"NHBs":[34],"more":[36,44],"likely":[37,45,51],"to":[38,46,52,107],"be":[39],"aware":[40,200],"their":[42],"hypertension,":[43],"receive":[47],"less":[50],"achieve":[53],"control.":[54,143,231,338],"Research":[55],"has":[56],"established":[57],"that":[58,221],"NHB":[59,92,133,172,190,247,280],"neighborhood":[60,93,114,134,173,191,248,281],"racial":[61,94,135,174,192,249,282,330],"composition":[62,95,175,193,250,283],"poverty":[64],"impact":[65],"health;":[66],"however,":[67],"the":[68,105,219,318],"mechanisms":[69],"influencing":[70],"obscure.":[77],"This":[78],"dissertation":[79],"examines":[80],"three":[81],"main":[82],"research":[83,147],"questions.":[84],"First,":[85],"whether":[86,118],"there":[87],"an":[89],"association":[90,110,186],"between":[91,189,246,279],"treatment":[99,141,195,260,276,293,306],"control,":[101],"and,":[102],"if":[103],"so,":[104],"extent":[106],"which":[108],"this":[109,123],"explained":[112],"by":[113],"socioeconomic":[115],"composition.":[116],"Next,":[117],"social":[119,222,254,324],"connectedness":[120,223,233,255],"also":[121],"explains":[122],"association.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"I":[126],"examine":[127],"perceived":[128],"discrimination,":[129],"conjunction":[131],"composition,":[136],"shaping":[138],"To":[144],"address":[145],"these":[146],"questions,":[148],"data":[149],"were":[150,199,209],"analyzed,":[151],"from":[152],"a":[153],"sample":[154],"377":[156],"hypertensive":[157],"adults":[158],"Detroit,":[160],"Michigan,":[161],"using":[162],"SAS":[163],"9.0":[164],"two-level":[166],"hierarchical":[167],"regression":[168],"models":[169],"(HLM":[170],"7).":[171],"was":[176,187,224,234,256,307],"positively":[177,294],"associated":[178,225,236,258,309],"awareness":[180,238,286],"(OR":[181],"=":[182],"1.01,":[183],"p=0.05).":[184],"No":[185],"found":[188],"among":[196,206,267],"those":[197,207,268],"who":[198,208],"(OR=1.01,":[201],"p=0.33),":[202],"or":[203,263],"treated":[210,270,298],"(OR=1.00,":[211],"p=0.73).":[212],"Analyses":[213],"reported":[214],"here":[215],"did":[216,242],"not":[217,235,257,308],"support":[218],"hypothesis":[220],"Social":[232],"(OR=1.34,":[239],"p=0.08)":[240],"nor":[241],"it":[243],"mediate":[244],"associations":[245,278],"awareness.":[252],"Similarly,":[253],"(OR=1.12,":[261],"p=0.69),":[262],"OR=1.00,":[265],"p=1.00)":[266],"currently":[269],"for":[271,299,347],"Individual":[273],"acute":[274,291,304],"unfair":[275,292,305],"modified":[277],"(OR=1.02,":[287],"p=0.04),":[288],"individual":[290],"correlated":[295],"being":[297],"(OR=9.13,":[301],"p=0.001).":[302],"Aggregate":[303],"achieving":[311],"(OR=0.22,":[314],"p=0.10).":[315],"Findings":[316],"emphasize":[317],"importance":[319],"multilevel":[321],"approaches":[322],"examining":[323],"economic":[326],"factors":[327],"explaining":[329],"/ethnic":[331],"hypertensions":[334],"Policy":[339],"solutions":[340],"should":[341],"focus":[342],"on":[343],"creating":[344],"equitable":[345],"neighborhoods":[346],"all":[348],"races/ethnicities.":[349]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
