{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2223907157","doi":null,"title":"Microstructure of charcoal produced by traditional technique","display_name":"Microstructure of charcoal produced by traditional technique","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2223907157","mag":"2223907157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2223907157","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://teknologihutan.fkt.ugm.ac.id/userfiles/download/Microstructure_of_Charcoal_Produced_by_Traditional_Technique.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037626596","display_name":"Joko Sulistyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-9449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-9449"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joko Sulistyo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-9449","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081806007","display_name":"Toshimitsu Hata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6044"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshimitsu Hata","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6044","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010955912","display_name":"Sri Nugroho Marsoem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-9372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-9372"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sri Nugroho Marsoem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-9372","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.8154000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.8154000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13465","display_name":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies","score":0.14659999310970306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14428","display_name":"Coal and Coke Industries Research","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charcoal","display_name":"charcoal","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"microstructure","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-carbonization","display_name":"wood carbonization","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonization-temperature","display_name":"carbonization temperature","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acacia-wood","display_name":"acacia wood","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mahogany-wood","display_name":"mahogany wood","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-cedar-wood","display_name":"Japanese cedar wood","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermogravimetric-analysis","display_name":"thermogravimetric analysis","score":0.7680000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526406351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177463","display_name":"Charcoal","level":2,"score":0.9690282940864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.763684868812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154877778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630655","display_name":"Carbonization","level":3,"score":0.6984124183654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6219966411590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.6021081805229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60100273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902806","display_name":"Thermogravimetric analysis","level":2,"score":0.5678486227989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137637335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899604","display_name":"Crystallite","level":2,"score":0.5155093669891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3933991491794586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2698636054992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.21438205242156982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.11503022909164429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.09004351496696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2223907157","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://teknologihutan.fkt.ugm.ac.id/userfiles/download/Microstructure_of_Charcoal_Produced_by_Traditional_Technique.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.5171999931335449}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013162795","https://openalex.org/W2020555099","https://openalex.org/W2031542844","https://openalex.org/W2063847773","https://openalex.org/W2074593768"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3091394724","https://openalex.org/W2080234587","https://openalex.org/W7131223394","https://openalex.org/W6887858381","https://openalex.org/W7214397035","https://openalex.org/W3100456459","https://openalex.org/W2350622423","https://openalex.org/W2332798967","https://openalex.org/W2125939607","https://openalex.org/W4381730796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Charcoal":[0,123],"which":[1,129,155],"is":[2,9,25],"produced":[3,20,30,68],"from":[4,90,99,124],"wood,":[5],"a":[6],"renewable":[7],"material,":[8],"potential":[10],"for":[11,36,57,88,97],"many":[12],"engineering":[13,37],"applications.":[14],"In":[15],"developing":[16],"countries,":[17],"charcoals":[18,67],"are":[19,34],"by":[21,31,50,53,69,81,165],"traditional":[22,32,51,70],"techniques.":[23],"It":[24],"estimated":[26,63,131],"that":[27,64],"the":[28,45,82,119,166,170,175],"charcoal":[29,48,89,98,150],"techniques":[33],"inappropriate":[35],"materials.":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40],"was":[41],"conducted":[42],"to":[43],"observe":[44],"microstructure":[46,120],"in":[47,118,161],"prepared":[49,73,132,157],"technique":[52,71],"using":[54],"Raman":[55,171],"spectroscopy":[56],"further":[58],"development.":[59],"Thermogravimetric":[60],"analysis":[61],"(TGA)":[62],"most":[65],"of":[66,108,110,121,139,141,151,169,177],"were":[72,130,156],"at":[74,133,158],"low":[75],"temperature":[76,105],"around":[77],"300-500":[78],"\u00c2oC":[79,87,96,135,160],"indicating":[80],"weight":[83],"loss":[84],"above":[85,94],"300":[86],"acacia":[91],"wood":[92,128,154],"and":[93,101,113,115,126,144,146,174,179],"500":[95,134],"mahagony":[100,125],"sonokeling":[102,127],"woods.":[103],"Carbonization":[104],"determined":[106],"degree":[107,138],"order":[109,140],"graphitic":[111,142],"crystallite":[112,143],"disorder":[114,145],"distorted":[116,147],"structure":[117,148],"charcoal.":[122],"showed":[136],"similar":[137,167],"with":[149],"Japanese":[152],"cedar":[153],"700":[159],"laboratory,":[162],"as":[163],"showing":[164],"position":[168],"G":[172,178],"band":[173],"width":[176],"D":[180],"bands.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}