{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2223219464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","title":"Thomas Henry Huxley (1825\u20131895) puts us in our place","display_name":"Thomas Henry Huxley (1825\u20131895) puts us in our place","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2223219464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","mag":"2223219464","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15211682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jez.b.21000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222104","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution","issn_l":"1552-5007","issn":["1552-5007","1552-5015"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029194242","display_name":"Kenneth M. Weiss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-9993","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-9993"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth M. Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA. kenweiss@psu.edu","Department of Anthropology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA. kenweiss@psu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029194242"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":3460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3460},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8712,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97682303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"302B","issue":"3","first_page":"196","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12182","display_name":"Evolution and Science Education","score":0.050700001418590546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thomas-henry-huxley","display_name":"Thomas Henry Huxley","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darwinism","display_name":"Darwinism","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"natural selection","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-evolution","display_name":"human evolution","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primate-evolution","display_name":"primate evolution","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-synthesis","display_name":"evolutionary synthesis","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-revolution","display_name":"genetic revolution","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-evolution","display_name":"molecular evolution","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradualism","display_name":"gradualism","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saltation","display_name":"saltation","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tempo-and-mode-of-evolution","display_name":"tempo and mode of evolution","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratization-of-science","display_name":"democratization of science","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-education-policy","display_name":"science education policy","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleontology","display_name":"paleontology","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130344250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q948814","display_name":"Gradualism","level":2,"score":0.7703956365585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.7216702103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206118921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5225921","display_name":"Darwin (ADL)","level":2,"score":0.6698125600814819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019183317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1035","display_name":"Charles darwin","level":3,"score":0.6530279517173767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90182286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190553","display_name":"Sociobiology","level":2,"score":0.5966961979866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776110070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2455930","display_name":"Fossil Record","level":2,"score":0.5688202381134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6033780","display_name":"Inheritance (genetic algorithm)","level":3,"score":0.5632435083389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988562018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063","display_name":"Biological evolution","level":2,"score":0.43047910928726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.43011415004730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.42555859684944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.299662709236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.29944658279418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2933252453804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196919123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183493","display_name":"Darwinism","level":2,"score":0.28766852617263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.26565903425216675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1307958960533142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069497","descriptor_name":"Origin of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004626","descriptor_name":"Embryology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005580","descriptor_name":"Fossils","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005828","descriptor_name":"Genetics, Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jez.b.21000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222104","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution","issn_l":"1552-5007","issn":["1552-5007","1552-5015"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15211682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15211682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution","raw_type":"Biography"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318589","https://openalex.org/W157366043","https://openalex.org/W584705780","https://openalex.org/W1483616755","https://openalex.org/W1489822490","https://openalex.org/W1497396483","https://openalex.org/W1528700601","https://openalex.org/W1533696952","https://openalex.org/W1539802870","https://openalex.org/W1539968307","https://openalex.org/W1540718222","https://openalex.org/W1540898082","https://openalex.org/W1556683685","https://openalex.org/W1567106816","https://openalex.org/W1604980215","https://openalex.org/W1840778526","https://openalex.org/W1907853055","https://openalex.org/W1963674435","https://openalex.org/W1968814137","https://openalex.org/W1968928424","https://openalex.org/W1993225534","https://openalex.org/W1994603465","https://openalex.org/W2008395467","https://openalex.org/W2009692755","https://openalex.org/W2011986522","https://openalex.org/W2015096819","https://openalex.org/W2019863377","https://openalex.org/W2020816375","https://openalex.org/W2024657677","https://openalex.org/W2025674773","https://openalex.org/W2032332194","https://openalex.org/W2034536549","https://openalex.org/W2042571956","https://openalex.org/W2044621597","https://openalex.org/W2045076723","https://openalex.org/W2054385047","https://openalex.org/W2054702070","https://openalex.org/W2069397066","https://openalex.org/W2071859295","https://openalex.org/W2078540117","https://openalex.org/W2081280445","https://openalex.org/W2096220958","https://openalex.org/W2098439569","https://openalex.org/W2101083023","https://openalex.org/W2103320667","https://openalex.org/W2106533942","https://openalex.org/W2107934935","https://openalex.org/W2117790117","https://openalex.org/W2123257600","https://openalex.org/W2123511429","https://openalex.org/W2138835205","https://openalex.org/W2142853106","https://openalex.org/W2173518071","https://openalex.org/W2497586589","https://openalex.org/W2499951260","https://openalex.org/W2809316318","https://openalex.org/W2999024283","https://openalex.org/W3183134035","https://openalex.org/W4298309871","https://openalex.org/W4299018472","https://openalex.org/W4301050842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3110974995","https://openalex.org/W310022833","https://openalex.org/W3089326794","https://openalex.org/W4251033999","https://openalex.org/W4252610692","https://openalex.org/W188328745","https://openalex.org/W1585103370","https://openalex.org/W4399162806","https://openalex.org/W2024109574","https://openalex.org/W2151413501"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thomas":[0],"Huxley":[1,134],"was":[2,135],"one":[3,136],"of":[4,11,36,43,63,88,92,95,108,130,137,158],"the":[5,34,39,48,55,89,106,126,149,156],"19th":[6],"century's":[7],"most":[8],"active":[9],"defenders":[10],"Darwin's":[12,144],"idea":[13],"that":[14,70,101,117],"life":[15],"has":[16,51,58],"evolved":[17],"through":[18],"natural":[19,146],"processes.":[20],"An":[21],"anatomist":[22],"and":[23,31,38,54,65,81,123,128,153,160],"paleontologist,":[24],"he":[25],"extended":[26],"his":[27,46],"energies":[28],"to":[29],"science":[30],"education":[32],"policy,":[33],"democratization":[35],"science,":[37],"broad":[40],"societal":[41],"implications":[42],"evolution.":[44,109],"Since":[45],"time":[47],"fossil":[49],"record":[50],"greatly":[52],"improved":[53,74],"genetic":[56,79,90,167],"'revolution'":[57],"occurred,":[59],"deepening":[60],"our":[61,86,166],"understanding":[62,87],"primate":[64],"human":[66],"evolution":[67,131],"in":[68,99,165],"ways":[69,100],"would":[71],"please":[72],"Huxley:":[73],"systematics":[75],"relies":[76],"heavily":[77],"on":[78,105],"data,":[80],"molecular":[82],"technologies":[83],"are":[84,102],"opening":[85],"basis":[91],"complex":[93],"traits":[94],"traditional":[96],"anthropological":[97],"interest-but":[98],"thoroughly":[103],"dependent":[104],"fact":[107],"A":[110],"more":[111],"unified":[112],"biological":[113],"synthesis":[114],"is":[115],"forming":[116],"unites":[118],"genes,":[119],"developmental":[120],"process,":[121],"structure,":[122],"inheritance.":[124],"But":[125],"tempo":[127],"mode":[129],"remain":[132],"unresolved.":[133],"many":[138],"who":[139],"have":[140],"had":[141],"trouble":[142],"accepting":[143],"gradual":[145],"selection":[147],"as":[148],"central":[150],"evolutionary":[151],"mechanism,":[152],"views":[154],"spanning":[155],"antipodes":[157],"gradualism":[159],"saltation":[161],"find":[162],"advocates":[163],"even":[164],"era.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
