{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2221075904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","title":"A review of the physical and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormonal therapy in the treatment of gender dysphoria","display_name":"A review of the physical and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormonal therapy in the treatment of gender dysphoria","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2221075904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","mag":"2221075904","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25933804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0004563215587763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175011280","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","issn_l":"0004-5632","issn":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024304668","display_name":"Leighton Seal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-8634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-8634"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801196673","display_name":"St George\u2019s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/039zedc16","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156572","display_name":"West London Mental Health NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05fgy3p67","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156572"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leighton J Seal","raw_affiliation_strings":["St George\u2019s Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK","St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK","West London Mental Health NHS Trust Gender Identity Clinic West London Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St George\u2019s Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801196673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West London Mental Health NHS Trust Gender Identity Clinic West London Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156572"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024304668"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I2801196673","https://openalex.org/I4210156572"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50904393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"1","first_page":"10","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10156","display_name":"LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10156","display_name":"LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":0.015699999406933784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11956","display_name":"Sexual Differentiation and Disorders","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-dysphoria","display_name":"gender dysphoria","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-steroids","display_name":"sex steroids","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-sexual-characteristics","display_name":"secondary sexual characteristics","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thromboembolism","display_name":"thromboembolism","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dyslipidemia","display_name":"dyslipidemia","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-safety","display_name":"treatment safety","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-outcomes","display_name":"long-term outcomes","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgender-women","display_name":"transgender women","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trans-men","display_name":"transgender men","score":0.9980000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777656388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049021","display_name":"Gender dysphoria","level":3,"score":0.9036515355110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6861663460731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909086633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049021","display_name":"Gender Identity Disorder","level":3,"score":0.5780081152915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.5744745135307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5903784","display_name":"Hormonal therapy","level":4,"score":0.5681130290031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5253395438194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780275930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628266","display_name":"Hormone therapy","level":4,"score":0.49486297369003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993379668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138686","display_name":"Sex therapy","level":3,"score":0.42676061391830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780421500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290620","display_name":"Dysphoria","level":3,"score":0.41006582975387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991839931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48264","display_name":"Gender identity","level":2,"score":0.3865054249763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3774411678314209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3661903738975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.32803040742874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19511061906814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778093883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137463","display_name":"Sexual dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.16549614071846008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.09711861610412598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068116","descriptor_name":"Gender Dysphoria","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068116","descriptor_name":"Gender Dysphoria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068116","descriptor_name":"Gender Dysphoria","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020249","descriptor_name":"Hormone Replacement Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020249","descriptor_name":"Hormone Replacement Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0004563215587763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563215587763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175011280","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","issn_l":"0004-5632","issn":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25933804","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25933804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of clinical biochemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5614469","https://openalex.org/W6289121","https://openalex.org/W22496786","https://openalex.org/W44170139","https://openalex.org/W197614095","https://openalex.org/W201690386","https://openalex.org/W1479924026","https://openalex.org/W1540034579","https://openalex.org/W1593442063","https://openalex.org/W1862080739","https://openalex.org/W1917014517","https://openalex.org/W1928790896","https://openalex.org/W1967238162","https://openalex.org/W1968408801","https://openalex.org/W1971598476","https://openalex.org/W1973969725","https://openalex.org/W1993004540","https://openalex.org/W1994097953","https://openalex.org/W1996115562","https://openalex.org/W1996170796","https://openalex.org/W1996336099","https://openalex.org/W2000348531","https://openalex.org/W2000601121","https://openalex.org/W2001401927","https://openalex.org/W2004103186","https://openalex.org/W2004333884","https://openalex.org/W2007232110","https://openalex.org/W2013710764","https://openalex.org/W2018661755","https://openalex.org/W2019630276","https://openalex.org/W2021778772","https://openalex.org/W2023056411","https://openalex.org/W2028101771","https://openalex.org/W2028190791","https://openalex.org/W2029668121","https://openalex.org/W2035121472","https://openalex.org/W2039668711","https://openalex.org/W2047477014","https://openalex.org/W2057800760","https://openalex.org/W2060392819","https://openalex.org/W2060833718","https://openalex.org/W2063732411","https://openalex.org/W2068523079","https://openalex.org/W2072029403","https://openalex.org/W2072179698","https://openalex.org/W2073425795","https://openalex.org/W2077474440","https://openalex.org/W2077767519","https://openalex.org/W2085432739","https://openalex.org/W2091935032","https://openalex.org/W2093552745","https://openalex.org/W2094693272","https://openalex.org/W2096835456","https://openalex.org/W2098935287","https://openalex.org/W2107243749","https://openalex.org/W2110217083","https://openalex.org/W2111726249","https://openalex.org/W2113264115","https://openalex.org/W2114569829","https://openalex.org/W2118931485","https://openalex.org/W2120284109","https://openalex.org/W2122023537","https://openalex.org/W2124481234","https://openalex.org/W2126739686","https://openalex.org/W2133506496","https://openalex.org/W2140358818","https://openalex.org/W2142532131","https://openalex.org/W2142816214","https://openalex.org/W2148911925","https://openalex.org/W2154354745","https://openalex.org/W2157691983","https://openalex.org/W2159434327","https://openalex.org/W2164667867","https://openalex.org/W2168841208","https://openalex.org/W2215821505","https://openalex.org/W2272189675","https://openalex.org/W2313908059","https://openalex.org/W2327925229","https://openalex.org/W4247665917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766537388","https://openalex.org/W1567182617","https://openalex.org/W1565725283","https://openalex.org/W2331308388","https://openalex.org/W2160971157","https://openalex.org/W1996115562","https://openalex.org/W3020970087","https://openalex.org/W3117650183","https://openalex.org/W87112522","https://openalex.org/W2010277066"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"review":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,12,21],"the":[4,32,36,63,69,82],"effect":[5],"that":[6,24],"cross-gender":[7],"sex":[8],"steroid":[9],"therapy":[10],"has":[11],"metabolic":[13],"and":[14,42,49],"hormonal":[15,65],"parameters.":[16],"There":[17,57],"is":[18,58,88],"an":[19],"emphasis":[20],"those":[22],"changes":[23],"result":[25],"in":[26,51,55,81],"significant":[27],"clinical":[28],"effects":[29,34,44,48],"such":[30,45],"as":[31,46],"positive":[33],"of":[35,38,62,78,84],"development":[37],"secondary":[39],"sexual":[40],"characteristics":[41],"negative":[43],"haemostatic":[47],"thromboembolism":[50],"transwomen":[52],"or":[53],"dyslipidaemia":[54],"transmen.":[56],"also":[59],"a":[60],"description":[61],"current":[64],"regimens":[66],"used":[67],"at":[68],"largest":[70],"UK":[71],"gender":[72],"identity":[73],"clinic.":[74],"The":[75],"overall":[76],"safety":[77],"these":[79],"treatments":[80],"context":[83],"long-term":[85],"outcome":[86],"data":[87],"reviewed.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
