{"id":"https://openalex.org/W22175656","doi":null,"title":"Pharmacokinetics of ochratoxin A in animals.","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics of ochratoxin A in animals.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W22175656","mag":"22175656","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1820333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1820333","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1820333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IARC scientific publications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035351503","display_name":"Pierre Galtier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088668","display_name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/003vg9w96","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154544","display_name":"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique","ror":"https://ror.org/01x3gbx83","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4387154544"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P Galtier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4387154544"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035351503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4387154544"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00355787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"115","first_page":"187","last_page":"200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10520","display_name":"Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10520","display_name":"Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12756","display_name":"Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ochratoxin-a","display_name":"ochratoxin A","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycotoxins","display_name":"mycotoxins","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-protein-binding","display_name":"plasma protein binding","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albumin-binding","display_name":"albumin binding","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ochratoxin-alpha","display_name":"ochratoxin alpha","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enterohepatic-circulation","display_name":"enterohepatic circulation","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-organic-anion-transport","display_name":"renal organic anion transport","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/placental-transfer","display_name":"placental transfer","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/milk-transfer","display_name":"milk transfer","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-distribution","display_name":"tissue distribution","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detoxification","display_name":"detoxification","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcinogenicity","display_name":"carcinogenicity","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rats","display_name":"rats","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigs","display_name":"pigs","score":0.5370000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776008721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1885038","display_name":"Ochratoxin A","level":3,"score":0.9210362434387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.7174255847930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.710922360420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779459076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411901","display_name":"Ochratoxin","level":4,"score":0.6709799766540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777367657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184651","display_name":"Toxin","level":2,"score":0.5351693630218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.5048130750656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778620825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344633","display_name":"Enterohepatic circulation","level":3,"score":0.48441675305366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.4682617783546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.46202903985977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62231903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057","display_name":"Metabolism","level":2,"score":0.4237549304962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84699730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422449","display_name":"Mycotoxin","level":2,"score":0.40332335233688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.38163113594055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.21333026885986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20366114377975464}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000418","descriptor_name":"Albumins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000829","descriptor_name":"Animals, Domestic","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000882","descriptor_name":"Haplorhini","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001711","descriptor_name":"Biotransformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003577","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004531","descriptor_name":"Eggs","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005399","descriptor_name":"Fishes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006899","descriptor_name":"Mixed Function Oxygenases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007408","descriptor_name":"Intestinal Absorption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008431","descriptor_name":"Maternal-Fetal Exchange","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008658","descriptor_name":"Inactivation, Metabolic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008892","descriptor_name":"Milk","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009793","descriptor_name":"Ochratoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009793","descriptor_name":"Ochratoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009793","descriptor_name":"Ochratoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011200","descriptor_name":"Poultry","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011485","descriptor_name":"Protein Binding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012377","descriptor_name":"Rodentia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014018","descriptor_name":"Tissue Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019389","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1820333","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1820333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IARC scientific publications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02846143v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02846143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mycotoxins, endemic nephropathy and urinary tract tumours, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1991","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077880644","https://openalex.org/W2346494507","https://openalex.org/W1964041786","https://openalex.org/W2034239864","https://openalex.org/W2549595263","https://openalex.org/W2075367932","https://openalex.org/W2883860679","https://openalex.org/W2022929391","https://openalex.org/W1503734350","https://openalex.org/W2025210767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,112,164,312],"fate":[1],"of":[2,27,44,46,61,114,166,182,217,243,260,274,288,294,326,334],"ochratoxin":[3,19,115,170,195,204,244,295],"A":[4,20,116,148,168,171,245,302],"has":[5,246],"been":[6,247],"studied":[7],"in":[8,12,32,54,77,82,109,141,173,208,220,249,283,299,306,316,330],"laboratory":[9],"rodents":[10],"and":[11,24,69,104,106,135,138,144,154,203,210,232,310,332],"breeding":[13],"animals.":[14],"In":[15,84],"rats,":[16],"orally":[17],"administered":[18,262],"is":[21,88,98,107,123,130,149,188,223,277,303],"readily":[22],"absorbed,":[23],"considerable":[25],"amounts":[26,293],"the":[28,62,67,70,86,124,142,150,179,183,186,201,218,221,226,251,256,272,289,323],"toxin":[29,63,87,202,252,328],"are":[30,206,315],"detected":[31],"plasma,":[33,85],"where":[34],"maximal":[35],"concentrations":[36],"occur":[37],"2-4":[38],"h":[39,76,81],"after":[40,279],"administration.":[41],"Pharmacokinetic":[42],"analysis":[43],"curves":[45],"plasma":[47],"level":[48],"versus":[49],"time":[50],"suggests":[51],"its":[52,155],"distribution":[53],"two":[55],"distinct":[56],"body":[57],"compartments.":[58],"half-time":[60],"depends":[64],"on":[65,322],"both":[66],"dose":[68,265],"animal":[71,134],"species,":[72],"varying":[73],"from":[74],"0.7":[75],"fish":[78],"to":[79,90,117,158,169,178,237],"840":[80],"monkeys.":[83],"bound":[89],"albumin,":[91],"like":[92,161],"many":[93],"acidic":[94],"compounds.":[95],"This":[96,128],"interaction":[97],"competitively":[99],"inhibited":[100],"by":[101,133,225],"phenylbutazone,":[102],"ethylbiscoumacetate":[103],"sulfamethoxy-pyridazine":[105],"decreased":[108],"albumin-deficient":[110],"rats.":[111],"hydrolysis":[113],"an":[118,192],"isocoumarin":[119],"derivative":[120],"(ochratoxin":[121],"alpha)":[122],"major":[125],"metabolic":[126],"pathway.":[127],"detoxication":[129],"brought":[131],"about":[132],"bacterial":[136],"carboxypeptidases":[137],"takes":[139],"place":[140],"rumen":[143],"large":[145],"intestine.":[146],"4-Hydroxyochratoxin":[147],"main":[151],"hepatic":[152],"metabolite,":[153],"formation":[156],"appears":[157],"be":[159,176],"polymorphic,":[160],"debrisoquine":[162],"4-hydroxylation.":[163],"ratio":[165],"4-hydroxyochratoxin":[167],"excreted":[172,207],"urine":[174,211],"may":[175,235],"linked":[177],"carcinogenic":[180],"potential":[181],"toxin,":[184],"as":[185,190,194,212],"metabolite":[187],"almost":[189],"effective":[191],"immunosuppressor":[193],"A.":[196],"After":[197],"undergoing":[198],"enterohepatic":[199],"circulation,":[200],"alpha":[205,296],"faeces":[209],"various":[213],"unidentified":[214],"metabolites.":[215],"Transport":[216],"mycotoxin":[219],"kidney":[222],"mediated":[224],"renal":[227,233],"organic":[228],"anion":[229],"transport":[230],"system,":[231],"metabolism":[234],"contribute":[236],"detoxification.":[238],"Although":[239],"dose-dependent":[240],"placental":[241],"transfer":[242],"described":[248],"rodents,":[250],"does":[253],"not":[254],"cross":[255],"placenta":[257],"into":[258,271],"fetuses":[259],"sows":[261],"a":[263],"low":[264],"(0.38":[266],"mg/kg)":[267],"orally.":[268],"Its":[269],"diffusion":[270],"milk":[273],"female":[275],"rabbits":[276],"seen":[278],"intravenous":[280],"administration,":[281],"but":[282],"cows":[284],"given":[285],"50":[286],"mg":[287],"mycotoxin,":[290],"barely":[291],"detectable":[292],"were":[297],"recovered":[298],"milk.":[300],"Ochratoxin":[301],"preferentially":[304],"distributed":[305],"liver,":[307],"kidney,":[308],"muscle":[309],"fat.":[311],"experimental":[313],"data":[314],"close":[317],"accordance":[318],"with":[319],"several":[320],"reports":[321],"spontaneous":[324],"occurrence":[325],"unchanged":[327],"residues":[329],"blood":[331],"kidneys":[333],"slaughter":[335],"pigs.":[336]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
